tūrangawaewae
1. (noun) domicile, standing, place where one has the right to stand - place where one has rights of residence and belonging through kinship and whakapapa.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 243;)
Ki a rāua, ko Waahi kē te tūrangawaewae tika mōna (TTR 1998:87). / They considered Waahi to be the appropriate domicile for him.
2. (noun) footstool - a Māori Bible use where it is written as two words.
Ko te rangi tōku torona, ko te whenua tōku tūranga waewae (PT Nga Mahi a nga Apotoro 7:49). / Heaven is my throne, and earth is my footstool.
Ko Arekahānara tōku hāona kaha; Ko Kemureti tōku oko horoi; Ko Ngāruawāhia tōku tūrangawaewae (BFM 2013:456). / Alexandra will ever be my symbol of strength of character; Cambridge a symbol of my wash bowl of sorrow; And Ngāruawāhia my footstool (BFM 2013:456). (A saying by King Tāwhiao and translated by Pei Te Hurinui Jones.)
2. (transitive verb) stand down.
tōpuku
1. (modifier) round, rounded.
He kōhatu tōpuku tonu, he mea tārei ki te kiripaka (W 1971:437). / A round rock fashioned from quartz.
Synonyms: koropuku, kōpio, porotītiti, porotaitaka, porotiti, porokawa, whakaawhiwhi, karapoi, whiringa, kunekune, kōtakataka, porowhita, rauna
2. (noun) round cord plaited with four strands.
See also tari-kākāriki
Synonyms: tari-karakia, tuapuku, tuamaka, tari-kākāriki, rauru, whiri papa, whiri kawe, kārure, whiri pāraharaha, whiri pekapeka, whiri taurakeke, whiri iwituna, tātoru
3. (noun) bulb.
I ētahi tipu, pērā i te riki, ka tupu mai he tōpuku hou ki te pūtake o ngā tōpuku tawhito (RP 2009:446). / In some plants, such as the onion, new bulbs develop at the base of the old bulb.
mautohe
1. (verb) (-a,-tia) to oppose persistently, protest, take a stand against, take issue with, continually oppose.
I mautohetia ngā whenua i Pari-ā-rua me Te Awakairangi (TTR 1990:302). / The land at Porirua and the Hutt Valley was continually disputed.
Synonyms: tohetohe, kupu whakahē, porotēhi, porotēhe, tohe
2. (modifier) protesting, opposing.
Kei roto te hanga tautoko e pakipaki ana, e umere ana, kei waho te hanga mautohe e kaioraora ana (PK 2008:73). / The supporters were inside clapping and applauding, while outside the protestors were acting menacingly.
Synonyms: tautohe, whakatete, whakakāhore, ātete, tāwari, tauwhāinga, tautētete
3. (noun) protest, objection, disapproval, complaint.
He kaha te mautohe a Te Mete ki te tāke kurī i utaina e ngā kaunihera ā-rohe i te tekau tau atu i 1890 (TTR 1994:95). / Te Mete was strongly opposed to the dog tax imposed by county councils in the 1890s.
Synonyms: tarawene, tohe, nawe, whakatoitoi, whakaepaepa, kupu whakahē
pūhihi
1. (verb) to be stiff, standing upright (especially of the hair).
Ko te uru, he kehu, arā, i āhua whero, ā, kāhore i tikitikia; he mea puhipuhi kia pūhihi, ā nui noa atu te āhua pokuru, me te āhua whanewhane nei i te tū mai (JPS 1896:4). / Their hair was also light-coloured, that is reddish, and never bound up in a top-knot, it was bunched out to be stiff, and appeared in lumps (or tufts), and they looked irritable as they stood there.
2. (modifier) slender, slight.
He tangata pūhihi noa te hanga o Pōkiha, he tangata tū takotako, tau kē nei hoki ki te mau kaka; hau ai tōna rongo ki te whaikōrero ki te reo Māori me te reo Pākehā (TTR 2000:157). / Pōkiha was a slight figure of erect carriage and immaculate dress; he was famed as an orator in both Māori and English.
3. (noun) ray (of the sun, stars, etc.).
Tīhaehae ana ngā pūhihi i ngā kapua o te rangi (TWK 36:16). / The sun's rays pierced the clouds in the sky.
4. (noun) antenna, aerial.
Ki tā ngā mātanga pūtaiao, e toru ngā wāhanga tinana o te pepeke (ko te pane, te tārāuma me te puku), e ono ngā waewae. He pūhihi ō ētahi, he parirau hoki ō ētahi (RP 2009:324). / Scientists classify insects as having three body segments (head, thorax and abdomen) and six legs. Some have antennae and some have wings.
5. (noun) plume, streamer (of a kite, etc.).
6. (noun) brush (on the end of a tūī's tongue) - sometimes was cut to to enable the tūī to speak distinctly.
Ka tohia ngā pūhihi o te kōkō (W 1971:304). / The brushes at the end of the tongue of the tūī were cut.
2. (verb) to heap, pile up, store.
Ka tohutohutia mai aua tāngata, "E tae ki te wā e whakarae ai te kūmara ki te rua, me patu a Tuakata, kei hoki mai te mauri o te kūmara ki Hawaiki nei." (TTT 1/9/1929:1074). / Those people were instructed, "When it comes the time when the kūmara are stored in the pit, Tuakata should be killed lest the mauri of the kūmara return to Hawaiki."
Synonyms: tōhī, whakaahu, whakaputu, whakatahua, whakapipi, tōhīhī
3. (verb) to stand out, be prominent.
Whakarae tonu au, he maire tū wao, mā te toki e tua (W 1971:320). / I am quite prominent, a maire tree that stands in the forest, which can be felled with an axe.
4. (modifier) prominent, stand out, important.
Ko tōna pāpā ko Te Taonui, he rangatira whakarae nō roto o Te Popoto, ā, nō te iriiringa, i tapaina a Te Taonui pakeke ki a Makoare, te ingoa o te kāwana i Poihākena, arā, a Lachlan Macquarie (TTR 1994:116). / His father was Te Taonui, a prominent chief of Te Popoto, and when he was baptised as an adult Te Taonui was named Makoare, the name of the governor of Sydney, Lachlan Macquarie.
Synonyms: matararahi, koutu, tāpua, koure, whakaea, whakahī, kōhure, hōhō, ahurei, tutū
5. (noun) heap, pile.
Te tomokanga atu o tōna tuahine ki te whata, ka kite atu ia i te whakarae o te aruhe (W 1971:320). / When his sister entered the storehouse she saw the pile of fernroot.
Synonyms: pūkainga, haupū, tōhīanga, purawhetū, kauika, whakapū, whakaputu, kōputu, pūhanga, pūkei, putunga, whakarauika, whakapipi, whārona, pūkai, taipū, whakaputunga
whakatū
1. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-ria,-tia) to make stand, erect, put up, construct, raise, establish.
Me whakatū he pēke motuhake mā ngā Māori hei huarahi āwhina i ngā Māori ki runga i ngā mahi pāmu, hoko kau, hanga whare mō rātou, whakatū wheketere pata, mira kani rākau, mira haraheke, me ērā atu mahi e puta ai he painga mō te iwi Māori (TTT 1/10/1931:63). / Separate banks should be established as a way to help Māori with regard to farming, buying cows, building houses for themselves, establishing butter factories, sawmills, flax mills and those other activities that will benefit the Māori people.
Synonyms: hiki, whakatāiri, whakaaranga, kōranga, hāpai, hī, huataki, rangahua, huaranga, araara, whakatiputipu, whakakaurera, riariaki, whakatairangaranga, whakatupu, whakapakeke, mairanga, riaki, whakaara, whakaikeike, whakarawe, whakatipu, whāngai
2. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-ria,-tia) to elect, put on, instigate, appoint, place.
3. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-ria,-tia) to stop, pull up, bring to a halt.
Ka kite hoki taku tuakana i a au e tū ana i te taha o te huarahi i tō mātau kāinga, ka whakatū ia i ana hōiho, kia piki atu au ki runga i te rore, ka noho i tōna taha (HP 1991:22). / And when my elder brother saw me standing at the side of the road at our home he stopped his horses and I climbed onto the lorry and sat beside him.
4. (modifier) erecting, establishing, instituting.
Ko te wāhi hou o tēnei pōti ko te whakaaetanga o te taha turaki i te waipiro kia utua te moni e whā miriona pauna me te hāwhe (£4,500,000) ki te rōpū whakatū hōtēra mehemea ka tupono te hinga o te taha whakatū waipiro i tēnei pōti (TKO 12/2/1919:3). / The new part of this election is the agreement of the alcohol prohibitionists to pay four and a half million pounds (£4,500,000) to the association erecting hotels if the side supporting alcohol happens to be defeated at this election.
5. (noun) erection (of a building, etc.), election, establishment.
Ko te kaupapa i mārama ki tēnei komiti ko te whakatū i tētahi Māori hei pīhopa āwhina, hei tiaki i te taha Māori (TTT 1/5/1928:774). / The matter is clear to this committee is the establishment of a Māori as assistant bishop to care for the Māori aspect.
2. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ina,-ngia,-tia) to correct, edit, solve, fix, rectify, amend, rectify, tune.
Ka kitea e ia ngā hēnga, ka whakatikaia, ka whakahokia anō ki ngā kaitā perehi, kātahi ka mahia tikatia e rātou (TWM 13/6/1863:2). / When the mistakes are found they are corrected, returned to the printers and then they make the corrections.
Synonyms: whakamaene
3. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ina,-ngia,-ria) to rise up, set out (on a journey).
Ka whakatika atu a Te Whitimoa me ngā hōia Pākehā, me te rau kotahi o Te Arawa, me ngā kūpapa kotahi rau e whā tekau, ko Te Keepa te meiha o aua kūpapa (TWM 22/4/1869). / Whitmore and the Pākehā soldiers set off with one hundred Te Arawa and one hundred and forty allies led by Te Keepa who was the major of those collaborators.
Synonyms: tīeke, riro, whakatikatika, matike, whana, maiengi, ara, hihiri, puea, whātika, totō, maiangi, maranga
4. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ina,-ngia) to prepare.
I te mutunga o te kai, ka whakatika ngā hunga nei ki te haere (TWK 28:23). / When the meal ended, these people prepared to go.
Synonyms: tītakataka, takataka, whakaute, raweke, whakareri, rahurahu, whakatau, whakatikatika, whakatakatū, takatū, whakatakataka, pātā, whakapai, whakataka, rāwekeweke
5. (modifier) correcting, straightening out.
Tāpiri atu ki tēnā ko te mahi whakatika ake hoki i te taha parukore (TTR 1998:41). / In addition to that was the work of correcting the sanitation.
6. (noun) solution, correction.
7. (noun) preparation.
Ka nui kē nei te pai o tana whakatika i a ia mō tēnei mahi uaua (TTR 2000:101). / His preparation of himself for this difficult task was excellent.
Synonyms: whakatakataka, whakapai, whakareri, whakatikatika, whakatakanga, whakatakatū
tū
1. (verb) (-ria) to stand, take place, set in place, establish, hold, convene.
Ka tū te purei hōiho i Te Pakipaki i te 24 o Tīhema 1878 (TW 19/10/1878:524). / Horse races will take place at Pakipaki on 24th December, 1878.
Kāti, i tēnei ata kāore i tū te rore (HP 1991:22). / Well, this particular morning the lorry didn't stop.
See also tūria
Synonyms: whakatakoto
2. (verb) to remain, placed.
Ko te punga anake o Horouta e tū ana, me te tatā, me te māhē, me te kūmara mō Waiapu (TWMNT 11/9/1872:114). / Only the Horouta canoe's anchor, bailer, and the kūmara for Waiapu remained there.
Synonyms: noho, rarau, nonoho, whakanōhia
3. (verb) to turn up (of the nose, often indicating disdain), sniff, smell.
Tū kē ana te ihu i te rerenga mai o te piro i ngā wai whakamate (KO 13/12/1882:6). / Smelling the stench of the contaminated water.
See also tū te ihu
4. (verb) to be erect, raised.
Kei te pēhea te tangata hara ki ēnei kupu aroha? Kāore i te whakarongo, engari kei te whawharo haere te ihu pēnei i te hōiho matakana kei te tū te waero ki runga (TP 7/1909:7). / What does the sinful person think about these words of concern? He does not listen, but snorts like a distrustful horse with its tail raised.
Synonyms: hītengitengi, rāngai, pūwhata, rāngaingai
5. (verb) to stop, halt.
I te heke i Hawaiki ki Aotearoa, ka tū te waka ki Rangitāhua ka patu a Turi i ngā kurī e rua hei whakanui i te atua a Maru (Te Ara 2013). / On the migration from Hawaiki to New Zealand, the canoe stopped at the Kermadecs and Turi killed two dogs as a sacrifice to the god Maru.
6. (verb) (-ria) to be appointed.
I haere atu ahau ki a ia, ka kī atu ko te mea tika me tū ia hei Minita mō te taha Māori, ina hoki ko ia te tangata pai hei rīwhi mō Te Mākarini (RT 2013:86). / I went to him and said that the right thing was that he should be appointed as Minister of Māori affairs, because he was the right person to replace Mr McLean.
7. (verb) to be rough, high (of the sea).
Kua tangi te whatitiri, kua rū te whenua, kua pā te hauhau kino, kua tū te ngaru, kua tukoki te waka, kua oho ngā iwi, kua pāwera katoa, kei te tangi (TH 1/1/1861:1). / The thunder has sounded, the land has shaken, the strong wind has struck, the waves have become high, the canoe is unsteady, the people have awoken, they are all alarmed and are weeping.
Synonyms: kōrawarawa, pohepohe, karekare, oru, whenewhene
tuaukiuki
1. (modifier) old, of long-standing, established, ancient.
Ko ngā kōrero tuaukiuiki i puta i aua tohu ngā tohu o te tuakiri o te tamaiti (HM 3/2009:10). / The ancient stories are associated with those landmarks, the symbols of the child's identity.
Synonyms: tawhito, koroua, mātāpuputu, waikauere, korokoroua, pūkeko, tahito, tūpakeke, kaumātua, tūārangi, aweko, ahungarua
motuhake
1. (verb) (-tia) to separate, set aside, position independently, be stand-alone.
Tokorima ngā rīkona Māori kua whakapiritia, tokorua anō ngā tāngata o te Kāreti o Te Rau Kahikatea kua motuhaketia hei rīkona. Kotahi te minita i whakatūria ki Taupō, kotahi hoki ki a Tūhoe (TP 4/1911:2). / Five Māori deacons have been attached, and two people of the Te Rau Theological College have been given independent positions as deacons. One is the minister appointed to Taupō and the other to Tūhoe.
Synonyms: tārewa, taunaha, tahi, whakatārewa, tāpui, tīkape, tauira, tauārai, tohi, toritori, momotu, motu, wae, wehewehe, wehe, whakatāuke, whakawehewehe, tiriwā, īheuheu, tīwae, nahenahe, heu, ihi, tuakoi, wawae, whakawehe, kōwai, whakapirara, tāuke, tāwae, tāwaewae, totohi, tūtahi, tūhāhā, kōwaewae, kōwae, tokorau, māhiti, roherohe, tauwehe
2. (modifier) separated, special, distinct, independent, unattached.
E rua ngā kōti tēnehi, me tētahi wāhi purei hōkī, otirā he wāhi motuhake mō ngā tini tākaro a ngā tamariki (TTT 1/12/1930:2201). / There were two tennis courts and a place to play hockey, indeed a special place for the many children's games.
tūhāhā
1. (verb) to be standing alone, isolated, unique, separate, independent.
I tūhāhā ai taua kura nā te mea ehara nō te Tari Mātauranga te whenua, te wharekura me ngā kaiwhakaako (HM 2/1991:2). / That school was independent because the land, school and teachers did not belong to Education Department.
Synonyms: nahenahe, kōwaewae, kōwae, tokorau, māhiti, roherohe, tauwehe, tauārai, tohi, toritori, momotu, motu, motuhake, wae, wehewehe, wehe, whakatāuke, whakawehewehe, tiriwā, īheuheu, tīwae, heu, ihi, tuakoi, wawae, whakawehe, kōwai, whakapirara, tāuke, tāwae, tāwaewae, totohi, tūtahi
2. (modifier) standing alone, isolated, unique, separately spaced.
I whakamārama mai a nehe mā i piki ētahi mā te toi huarewa ki te toi o ngā rangi, arā ki tō runga rawa o ngā rangi tūhāhā (TTT 1/8/1923:6). / The old men and women explained that some climbed via the suspended way to the uppermost heaven, that is the the highest of the separately spaced heavens.
3. (noun) uniqueness, separateness, independence, individuality.
Nō whea te ingoa nei 'Kura Kaupapa Māori'? Ki taku mōhio nā Pita Sharples o te Marae o Hoani Waititi, i whakahua hei kupu whakamārama i te āhua me te tūhāhā o te Kura o Hoani Waititi nā rātou o te marae o Hoani Waititi i whakatū (HM 2/1991:2). / Where did the name 'Kura Kaupapa Māori' come from? I think it was given by Peter Sharples of the Hoani Waititi Marae when he used it as a term to explain the nature and uniqueness of the Hoani Waititi School established by the people of Hoani Waititi Marae.
2. (modifier) great, highly important, magnificent, wonderful, inspiring.
Takoto mai, e koro, kia tangihia koe e ō iwi. Auē! Ka mau te punga here o te waka nei. Ka ngaro koe, te kaihautū, te kākākura o roto i te pōkai, te puhi o Aotearoa, te kura whakahirahira o Te Waipounamu, te mauri o te whenua, te mauri o te tangata, haere! Haere rā! (TP 7/1906:9) / Lie in state, sir, to be wept over by your people. Oh, dear! The anchor of this canoe is taken. You are gone, the fugleman, the leader of the flock, the adored one of the North Island, the important treasure of the South Island, the life force of the land and the people. Depart! Farewell!
3. (noun) grandeur, influence, prominence, greatness, importance, reputation, standing, eminence.
I rongo katoa te motu i ngā kōrero mō Mananui – i tōna toa, i tōna whakahirahira, i ōna whakaaro rangatira (TTR 1990:187). / The whole country heard the accounts about Mananui - of his courage, of his influence and his noble ideas.
whakaio
1. (verb) to stand firm.
I whakaio tahi a ia ki ngā tāne kīhai i pīrangi ki te mau rākau mō tētehi pakanga ehara nā rātou, whawhai kē rānei mō tētehi kāwanatanga nāna tō rātou iwi i muru, i whakakorara (TTR 1996:44). / She stood firm with the men who did not wish to take up arms for a war that was not theirs, or to fight for a government that had dispossessed and scattered their people.
2. (verb) to march in single file.
2. (noun) head.
Ka oti te takutaku ka tukua te teka kia rere, kātahi ka rere, whakaaweawe ki runga, aua rawa atu ki runga, kātahi anō ka ahu te uru o te teka ki te whenua, tau noa atu e toru tekau takoto te mataratanga i ā ētahi katoa (JPS 1925:313). / When he had completed the ritual chant he launched the dart and it flew a great distance upwards then the head of the dart turned toward the earth and it fell thirty takoto beyond all the others.
3. (noun) grove (of trees), stand (of bush).
E noho ana ia i Whakawhiti, e tata atu ana ki te uru rākau o Te Pakiaka (TTR 1990:235). / He was living at Whakawhiti, close to Te Pakiaka, a stand of bush.
4. (noun) chief, leader.
Ko wai te uru o tēnei ope? (W 1971:469). / Who is the leader of this party?
Synonyms: manu taupua, kaitaki, kaitātaki, kaiārahi, kākākura, pouwhenua, kaiwhakataki, wheao, tumuaki, tumu whakarae, kaiarataki, kaikākāriki, ngārahu, tētēkura, kaihautū, kaitakitaki, kaingārahu, manukura, kaiwhakanekeneke, tātāriki, amokapua, amokura, ariki, ihorei, kahika, tātarariki, poutoko, whakataka, amorangi, hautū
2. (verb) (-a,-tia) to turn inside out.
He mea kōhure tōna poraka e ia, arā, ko waho ki roto, ko roto ki waho. / He turned his sweater inside out, that is the outside in and the inside out.
3. (verb) to be full, overflowing.
Takihakohako te kete ka kōhure (W 1971:127). / The basket is heaped up and overflowing.
Synonyms: puhake, pūhakehake, puha, kōrengarenga
4. (verb) to emphasise, stand out, be conspicuous, be distinctive, be prominant.
Ka kōhure a Pāoa, me te turuturu pourewa te āhua e haere atu ana (NM 1928:161). / Pāoa was conspicuous, looking like a pied stilt walking along.
5. (modifier) outstanding, conspicuous, distinctive, prominent.
He tangata kōhure a Erihana i te mahi whakahaere, tino kaha anō hoki ōna pūmanawa hei kaihautū (TTR 1998:41). / Ellison was an outstanding administrator with strong leadership qualities (DNZB 1998:159).
Synonyms: whakaharahara, ahurei, kātuarehe, te kino kē hoki, ka mahi ..., taiea, taumata rau, tapatapahi ana, matararahi, koutu, tāpua, koure, whakaea, whakarae, whakahī, hōhō, tutū
6. (noun) development of a tree or plant to maturity.
mātiketike
1. (verb) to be upright, standing erect.
Me mātua whakawhiwhi te aratuku me te pūtea ki tētahi kē atu e whakapau kaha ana kia mātiketike ai te reo Māori hei reo tuakana i roto i ngā whakapāhotanga (HM 2/1993:4). / The radio frequency and the funding should be awarded to someone else who will strive to promote the Māori language as a primary language in broadcasting.
2. (modifier) standing erect, upright.
Ki tētahi rerenga, he urunga mātiketike; kei te haka e mea ana, 'He urunga tū, he urunga pae, he urunga mātiketike.' (M 2006:386). / Another version has it as an upright pillow; and in the haka it says, 'An erect pillow, a back-rest pillow, an upright pillow.'
