aronga
1. (noun) direction, facing.
Te urunga atu o Tama-inu-pō haere tonu, ā, ka pahemo i te takuahi i te aronga ake ki te ihonui, kātahi anō ka huri mai (NIT 1995:121). / Tama-inu-pō entered and went straight on past the hearth that faced the floor space at the front of the house and only then turned round.
2. (noun) focus, interest, desire.
Ko te mahi tuhituhi i ngā whakapapa me ngā kōrero tuku iho a Tainui te aronga tuatahi, te aronga nui a Pei (TTR 1998:72). / Pei's first and main focus was in the recording of Tainui genealogies and traditions.
3. (noun) sense, separate meaning (of a word, phrase or sentence), definition.
Ka urutaungia te kupu tāngata whenua kia pā ki ngā iwi me ngā hapū, e whai kanohi ake ai rātou i te manene. Ko ētahi anō aronga o tēnei kupu ko te iwi tuatahi, ko te iwi manaaki hoki (Te Ara 2015). / Māori also adapted the term ‘tangata whenua’ (people of the land), to refer to iwi and hapū, as distinct from non-Māori. Other meanings of this term are 'the first people' and ‘host people’.
4. (noun) purpose.
Ka tū ake ahau ki te tautoko i tēnei Pire, nō te mea ki tōku whakaaro e tika ana te aronga o tēnei Pire - arā e āwhina ana i ngā kaimahi pāmu (RT 2013:4). / I stand to support this Bill, because in my opinion the purpose of this Bill is appropriate - namely assisting farm workers.
Synonyms: hoaketanga, whāinga, kaupapa, take, koronga, tikanga, tātai
huakore
1. (verb) to be pointless, unfruitful, of no purpose, unused, futile, farcical, unprofitable.
Ka huakore te patu tohorā, ka kimihia e Tūhawaiki me ngā rangatira o Murihiku he mahi kē anō mō ā rātou poti (TTR 1990:369). / Whaling was becoming unprofitable and Tūhawaiki and the chiefs of Southland sought other employment for their boats.
Synonyms: huhuakore, koretake, makihoi, kūrapa, kikokore, hakihakiā, papa kore
2. (adjective) pointless, unfruitful, of no purpose, unused, futile, farcical, in vain.
He huakore noa iho rānei ō koutou matenga maha? (PT Karatia 3:4). / Have ye suffered so many things in vain?
3. (modifier) pointless, unfruitful, of no purpose, unused, futile, farcical.
Kei te maha rawa ngā whenua kei te takoto huakore (TTT 1/2/1928:729). / There's too much land lying unused.
4. (noun) futility, uselessness, ineffectuality.
Ka manawaweratia rātau ko te hunga i mate hai tohu i te riri me te pōuri o Tūhoe mō te huakore o tā rātau pakanga ki te tautāwhi i a Tainui (TTR 1994:114). / They are commemorated in a manawawera chant that expresses Tūhoe's anger and sorrow of the futility of their battle in support of Tainui.
āta
1. (modifier) gently, slowly, carefully, clearly, deliberately, purposefully, intentionally, openly, thoroughly, cautiously, intently, quite - stands before verbs to indicate care, deliberation or thoroughness in carrying out the activity.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 42;)
Kia āta haere! / Go slowly!
Ka ngangautia e ia kia ngāwari, kia pakupaku, ka āta whakapiritia ki te mamae, hāware katoa atu nō te mea he pai tonu hoki te hāware mō te whakaora (HP 1991:23). / She chewed it until it was soft and small and carefully applied it to the sore part. It had saliva throughout because saliva is quite good for healing.
Synonyms: koia, rawa, āhua, anō, tino, noa, tonu, kere, hangehange, hengahenga, kāhua, (ko) tōna ... (nei), tou, noa iho
huhuakore
1. (stative) be pointless, unfruitful, of no purpose.
kau
1. (particle) alone, by oneself, solitarily, bare, empty, naked, without hindrance, unreservedly, to no purpose, purely and simply, solely, exclusively, only, merely, just, idle, inactive, for no particular reason, in vain, to no avail, helplessly, none at all, very, seriously, totally - a manner particle indicating the absence of other factors. Where kau follows a verb in the passive it will take a passive ending also, usually -tia. In this situation the passive ending may be dropped from the verb, but not from kau. As with other manner particles in Māori, while having a general overall meaning, kau can be translated in a variety of ways, depending on the context.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 91-92;)
Rapu kau ana a Tāwhiri-mātea, kua hunaia e Papa-tū-ā-nuku ana tamariki. / Tāwhiri-mātea searched everywhere, but Papa-tū-ā-nuku had hidden her children.
Ka whaowhia te kūmara ki roto, kī tonu, kore rawa he wāhi i āputa, arā i takoto kau noa iho, kī tonu (JPS 1926:95). / The kūmara were put in it, and filled it up, there was no open space remaining, that is it was absolutely full.
Synonyms: katoa, tata, tika, tou, noa, noa iho, tōkeke, noa ake, tonu, ia, ia rā, heipū, mārie, mārika, mārire, kāhore kau, anake, anahe, nahe, ake, kiri kau, kirikau, tahanga, hahake, pakiwhara
2. (particle) as soon as, no sooner had - a slight variation from the general meaning above where kau is used to indicate immediacy.
Utua kautia te moni tuatahi ki a Te Teira me tōna iwi, tukuna atu ana e te kāwanatanga ngā kairūri (TTR 1990:291). / As soon as the first payment was made to Te Teira and his people, the government sent in the surveyors.
kurī
1. (noun) dog, animal with four legs, quadruped.
Kotahi te kurī nui o reira he kangarū (MM.TKM 31/1/1856:9). / There is one large animal there, the kangaroo.
Synonyms: kararehe
2. (stative) be without purpose, with little cause - used following a verb to indicate that the speaker believes the action is unwarranted, pointless or just a pretence.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 241-242;)
2. (noun) reason, purpose, cause, origin, root, stump, source, beginning.
He tokomaha tonu ngā Māori kei te tāone e noho ana, nō reira hoki tētahi take i tika ai kia tū te mīhana ki reira (TP 7/1913:6). / There are quite a lot of Māori living in town, so that's a reason why it's appropriate that the mission be established there.
Synonyms: rarau, akaaka, weri, mea, takunetanga, tāmore, kaupapa, hoaketanga, aronga, tātai, whāinga, koronga, tikanga, kunenga, orokohanganga, pī, ūkaipō, pūtake, mātāwai, orokohanga, ahunga, pū, toi, pūnga, takenga
3. (noun) topic, subject, matter, issue, concern.
Nā ngā mahi ātete ā-tinana i ngā kairūri i roto i Te Urewera, i tau ai te mōrearea ki runga i ngā take whenua (TTR 1994:11). / In the Urewera physical resistance to the surveyors engendered a sense of alarm over the land issues.
4. (noun) claim, right.
See also take tuku, take raupatu, take tupuna, take whenua kite
Synonyms: ake, tika, tikanga, heipū, tōtika, matatika, tonu, mōtika, matau
5. (noun) base, foot (of a hill, etc.).
Tāpukea ngā take o ngā rākau ki te maniua, engari kia tūpato kei hutihutia ngā pakiaka (TP 6/1908:11). / Cover round the bases of the trees with manure but be careful not to pull up the roots.
6. (noun) plan.
Ka māharahara te iwi rā ki te take e mate ai taua ngārara i a rātou (JPS 1894:166). / The people thought about a plan by which they might killed that reptile.
Synonyms: whakakaupapa, kaupapa, tikanga, tātai, whakangārahu, mahere, whakatakoto, whakamahere, hoahoa, pēwheatanga, whakatakotoranga, whakaaro, tītakataka
whāinga
1. (noun) pursuit, aim, goal, objective, purpose.
Ko ngā tino kaupapa o te hui, he whakapakari i te reo o te hunga e whakaako ana i te reo Māori ki ā tātou tamariki, he matapaki hoki i ngā take e pā ana ki te reo Māori me ā tātou whāinga mō te reo kia ora tonu ai (HM 1/1992:3). / The main purpose of the meeting was to strengthen the Māori language of people teaching it to our children and to discuss matters concerning the Māori language and our goals for the language so that it continues to thrive.
Synonyms: hoaketanga, paetae, umanga, aru, whai, whaiwhai, aruaru, tātai, take, koronga, kaupapa, tikanga, aronga
2. (noun) enmity, hostility, quarrel.
Ko ngā herehere o ngā whāinga, i meinga hei pononga, ā, i murua te tangata mōkai, pāhiatia anō hoki (TMT 2/9/1861:1). / Prisoners taken in hostilities were made slaves, and men in servitude were robbed and ill-treated.
Synonyms: taukaikai, ngangare, paka, tatau, tatauranga, kākari, taute, whakatete, whawhai, wāwau, whakanehenehe, korokīkī, kōhetehete, kōwhetewhete, rīriri, whewhei, taungaungau, kekeritanga, tītaitai kōwhatu, tautohetohe, pākani, ngangau, kohete, tarahae, riri, tauwhāinga, tautohe, taututetute, totohe, kowhete, kairiri, kekeri, whakanihoniho, tautotohe
3. (noun) ceremony for removing tapu, etc., opening ceremony.
Ko tēnei kōrero, he mea tuku e Wiremu Maihi Te Rangikāheke, e whakaatu ana i te whāinga o tētahi whare Māori hou, he mea whakairo ko Te Muriwai te ingoa, i Ōhiwa, me te auē hoki mō Ema Āporo, te hoa wahine o Āporo Te Tipitipi (TW 12/2/1875:1). / The following account is sent to us from William Marsh Te Rangikāheke, describing the opening ceremony of a new Māori carved house called Muriwai at Ōhiwa, and also the lament for Ema Āporo the wife of Āporo Te Tipitipi.
Synonyms: whakatuheratanga, whakatuwheratanga
tikanga
1. (noun) correct procedure, custom, habit, lore, method, manner, rule, way, code, meaning, plan, practice, convention, protocol - the customary system of values and practices that have developed over time and are deeply embedded in the social context .
Ko ngā pereti kai he rourou; kāore he paoka, kāore he naihi, arā i tino whakaritea katoatia ki tā te Māori tikanga (TP 1/12/1900:14). / The eating plates were flax food baskets; there were no knives and forks, that is everything was organised according to Māori custom.
Ko ngā tikanga pai e tika ana kia puritia kia mau, hei tikanga mau tonu mō ngā whakatupuranga, ahakoa tikanga whenua, taonga rānei, mahi ā-ringa, whai kai rānei, ngā whakahaere o te pakanga, ōna tūwaewae rānei, ehara anō hoki i te tikanga kino ngā tikanga Māori (TPH 30/8/1902:3) / It is right that the beneficial customs should be retained as lasting practices for future generations, whether they be customs relating to land or property, crafts or procuring food, the procedures for conducting war or for visitors, and Māori practices are not bad ones.
Synonyms: tikanga tuku iho, wānanga, tūmomo, momo, tū, māoritanga, māramatanga, tukanga, pēwheatanga, tāera, huarahi, ritenga, kawa, tino rangatiratanga, ture, kāwanatanga, rūri, whakatakotoranga, whakaaro, tītakataka, kaupapa, tātai, whakangārahu, mahere, whakatakoto, whakamahere, hoahoa, take, whakakaupapa
2. (noun) correct, right.
Kei te tautoko te iwi Māori i tēnei pire, nō te mea e kite ana rātou mā tēnei pire ka oti he tikanga e taea ai e rātou te rīhi i ō rātou whenua (RT 2013:81). / The Māori people are supporting this bill because they can see that with this bill they have a right whereby they will be able to lease their lands.
See also kei a [koe] te tikanga, (ko) te/tōna tikanga
Synonyms: ake, tika, matau, mōtika, tonu, matatika, tōtika, take, heipū
4. (noun) meaning, method, technique.
He aha te tikanga o taua kupu a Te Wharehuia i roto i tana whaikōrero? / What is the meaning of that word that Te Wharehuia used in his speech?
tātai
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia,-tia) to measure, arrange, set in order, plan, recite (genealogies).
Ka tīkina ngā whetū, ka tātaitia. Ka whakamārōkia Te Ika-o-te-rangi (Tr 7:33). / The stars were fetched and arranged. The Milky way was stretched out.
Synonyms: whakapai, ine, mehua, mēhua, meiha, rūri, whakatātūtū, whātau, kaupapa, tikanga, whakangārahu, mahere, whakatakoto, whakamahere, hoahoa, pēwheatanga, take, whakakaupapa, whakatakotoranga, whakaaro, tītakataka
2. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-tia) to calculate.
Tātaihia te horahanga o te māra (TRP 2010:264). / Calculate the area of the garden.
3. (verb) (-a,-hia) to adorn, deck out, beautify.
Kātahi te tamāhine ka tahuri ki te tātai i a ia, nā ka heru i a ia, nā ka rākei i a ia ki ōna kaitaka, ka tia hoki i tōna māhunga ki te raukura - ko ngā raukura he huia, he kōtuku, he toroa, ka oti (NM 1928:198). / Then the daughter set about adorning herself, placing a comb in her hair, dressing herself in fine kaitaka cloaks, and placing feather plumes in her hair - feather plumes of huia, white heron and albatross feathers, and then she was finished.
4. (noun) lineage, line of ancestry, genealogy.
I te hononga o Tūrongo rāua ko Māhina-a-rangi ka hono hoki ngā tātai nunui o te Tai-rāwhiti ki ngā tātai o ngā iwi o Tainui (NIT 1995:73). / When Tūrongo and Māhina-a-rangi married they united the chiefly lineages of the East Coast with those of the Tainui tribes.
Synonyms: kāwei, kaha, kāwai, kākano, whakapapa, kauhou, kauwhau, kauhau
5. (noun) purpose, plan, tactics.
Mēnā he huatau ōu, he pakirehua kē rānei āu e pā ana ki tēnei tātai whakatairanga reo Māori a te Taura Whiri, kia hohoro te whakapā mai, kia hau ai te rongo ki ngā tōpito o te motu (HM 4/1993:2). / If you have ideas or enquiries concerning this Māori language promotional plan of the Māori Language Commission, contact us urgently so that the information can be spread to all parts of the country.
Synonyms: take, kaupapa, tikanga, aronga, hoaketanga, whāinga, koronga
6. (noun) arithmetic.
E tika ana kia ako ngā tamariki ki te tātai (Ng 1993:18). / It's right that children should learn arithmetic.
whai take
1. (verb) to have a purpose, of use, useful.
Ahakoa a Te Hāpuku kāore i whakaae ki te kaupapa Karaitiana, i tukuna e ia tana iwi, me ana tamariki tonu, kia whakauru atu. Inā hoki kua kite kē ia e whai take tonu ana ngā mihingare o te Hāhi Mihingare me te Hāhi Katorika (TTR 1990:178). / Although Te Hāpuku did not agree with Christianity, he allowed his people and his own children to join because he had seen that the missionaries of the Anglican and Catholic churches were useful.
See also whaitake
2. (noun) flute - the largest of the traditional flutes, usually made of wood.
Ko ngā wheua o te hunga maitai i patua nei he mea mahi hei tīrou kai, ā, ko ngā wheua o ngā hūhā he mea mahi hei tōrino, arā, hei rehu (TAH 51:17). / The bones of the foreigners who had been killed were made into forks for picking up food, and the thigh bones were made into flutes.
See also pūtōrino
3. (noun) eardrum.
Ka tōiriiri te tōrino ina pā mai ana he ngaru oro, ā, ka whakawhitia ngā tōiriiri ki te hama (RP 2009:388). / The eardrum vibrates when sound waves strike it and the vibrations are transferred to the malleus.
4. (noun) spiral, twist, helix, corkscrew (shape), coil.
Ko te rauru. He rite tēnei ki te rauponga engari he tōrino kē te āhua. / The rauru carving pattern. This is similar to the rauponga pattern but has a spiral form instead.
5. (noun) hole dug at the tūāhu for purposes of mākutu. Also called rua tōrino.
Ko te rākau a te tohunga he kāramuramu hei ā i te ngarongaro rā ki roto i te tōrino (JPS 1894:169). / The wand used by the tohunga to drive the fly into the tōrino is made of kāramuramu wood.
kaupapa
2. (noun) topic, policy, matter for discussion, plan, purpose, scheme, proposal, agenda, subject, programme, theme, issue, initiative.
I tuhi a Rōpiha i ētahi pūrongo i 'Te Ao Hou', ā, i āwhina atu hoki ia ki te ārahi i ngā kaupapa a te maheni nei i ōna tau tuatahi (TTR 2000:188). / Rōpiha wrote articles for 'Te Ao Hou', and he also helped guide the magazine’s policies in its early years.
Synonyms: aronga, kaupapa here, hōtaka, marohi, hoaketanga, whāinga, koronga, kakai, tikanga, tātai, whakangārahu, mahere, whakatakoto, whakamahere, hoahoa, pēwheatanga, take, whakakaupapa, whakatakotoranga, whakaaro, tītakataka
3. (noun) raft.
Ka mahia te kaupapa raupō ... ka hoea taua kaupapa ki te au o te awa punga ai (White 5 1888:68). / The raupō raft was made and then it was paddled into the current of the river to anchor it.
See also kahupapa
4. (noun) main body of a cloak.
Ka whakamaua atu ngā huruhuru kiwi ki te kaupapa o te kahu (PK 2008:238). / The kiwi feathers were fixed to the body of the cloak.
koronga
1. (noun) purpose, intention, aspiration.
I taua hui nei, ka hangaia e ngā Māori o Te Wairarapa tētehi petihana hei tautoko i te kāwanatanga Rīpera a Tā Hōhepa Waari, ā, ko te koronga, mā Tūreiti e hari atu taua petihana ki a Timi Kara (TTR 1996:213). / At that gathering the Māori of Wairarapa prepared a petition to support the Liberal government of Sir Joseph Ward and the intention that Tūreiti would take the petition to James Carroll.
Synonyms: kaupapa, tikanga, tātai, aronga, hoaketanga, whāinga, take
tiki
1. (verb) (tīkina) to fetch, go and get, come and get.
I kitea e tētahi tamaiti he kōhanga maina i runga i te rākau, kātahi ia ka ahuwhenua ki te tiki i taua kōhanga (TP 3/1901:7). / A boy saw a mynah’s nest in a tree, then he assiduously set about fetching that nest.
See also tīkina
2. (verb) (tīkina) to proceed to do (anything), go (for a purpose).
Ki te mea ka tohe tonu Te Urewera ki te whakatuarā i ētahi iwi kē ki te riri ki a te Kāwanatanga ākuanei ka tīkina, ka nohoia (TWMNT 6/7/1875:153). / If Te Urewera still persisted in supporting other tribes to fight against the Government, they would be taken and occupied.
kē
1. (particle) already, long ago, instead, but rather, actually, different, other, another, alternative, at a different time, other than was expected, in a different direction, strange, odd, extraordinary, in a different place, beforehand, afterwards, for another purpose, really, truly - a manner particle that indicates difference or unexpectedness. Follows immediately after the word it qualifies. The verb it follows is often preceded by kua. Where kē follows a verb in the passive it will take a passive ending also, usually -tia. In this situation the passive ending may be dropped from the verb, but not from kē. As with other manner particles in Māori, while having a general overall meaning, kē can be translated in a variety of ways, depending on the context.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 120; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 44, 91-92;)
Kua waiata kē tōu hoa. / Your friend has already sung.
Kua iriiria kētia a Hēmi hei Mihingare, engari hei mihi māna ki a Edith i whai kē ia i te Hāhi Perehipitīriana (TTR 2000:159). / Hēmi had been baptised an Anglican, but to honour Edith he joined the Presbyterian Church.
Kāore i puritia e te wahine mahue tētahi whakaahua kotahi nei o tana tāne - whiua kētia katoatia ana ki te rāpihi (HJ 2015:24). / The abandoned wife did not hold on to a single photograph of her husband - instead she threw them all into the rubbish.
Kāore he aha ki a au mēnā ka tirohia taku whaea e tōna ake tākuta, he tākuta kē rawa atu rānei. Ko te mea nui, kia tirohia ia i te rangi tonu nei (HJ 2015:25). / It doesn't matter to me whether my mother is seen by her own doctor, or a completely different doctor. The important thing is that she is seen this very day.
Synonyms: tāukiuki, noa atu, whāioio, neha, noa mai, aua atu (rā), noa ake, whanokē, atu, anō, ērā atu, kē atu, koia, koia, tinana, koa, katoa, rawa, i neki, inā, tonu, ata, rā anō, rā pea, rānō, mārie, mārika, mārire, ia rā, tino
