tohi
1. (verb) (-a) to cut, divide, distribute, separate, endue.
Tohia ā tātou purapura kia ranea ai (W 1971:430). / Divide our tubers so that there are plenty.
Synonyms: nahenahe, kōwaewae, kōwae, tokorau, māhiti, roherohe, tauwehe, tauārai, toritori, momotu, motu, motuhake, wae, wehewehe, wehe, whakatāuke, whakawehewehe, tiriwā, īheuheu, tīwae, tūhāhā, heu, ihi, tuakoi, wawae, whakawehe, kōwai, whakapirara, tāuke, tāwae, tāwaewae, totohi, tūtahi
2. (verb) (-a) to perform a ritual ceremony over a child in flowing water while petitioning the atua to endow the child with the desired mental and physical qualities. The child was dedicated to the particular atua by immersion in the water or by sprinkling it with water from a branch dipped in the stream.
Ka whānau a Tūhuruhuru, tamaiti a Tinirau, ka tonoa a Kae i Tihi-o-Manono kia haere mai hei tohi i a Tūhuruhuru (JPS 1928:269). / When Tūhuruhuru, the child of Tinirau, was born, Kae was asked to come from Tihi-o-Manono to perform the baptismal rite over Tūhuruhuru.
3. (verb) (-a) to perform ceremonies success in battle.
Ka heke atu rāua ki te wairere, ka tohia e Te Aotaki a Tū-whakairi-ora (JPS 1911:20). / They descended together to the running stream, and Te Aotaki performed the tohi rite over Tū-whakairi-ora.
4. (verb) (-a) to boil with hot stones.
5. (noun) dedication rite, baptism rite, child dedication ritual - a ritual ceremony over a child in flowing water while petitioning the atua to endow the child with the desired mental and physical qualities. The child was dedicated to the particular atua by immersion in the water or by sprinkling it with water from a branch dipped in the stream.
Nā Te Toiroa tonu i tūā, ka tohia ki te tohi a Tūmatauenga, te atua o te riri, o te tangata hoki (TTR 1990:216). / Te Toiroa performed the naming ceremony over him, dedicating him to Tūmatauenga, atua of war and of humankind.
6. (noun) vessel in which cooking was done by placing heated stones in the water.
manawanui
1. (verb) to be steadfast, stout-hearted, tolerant, patient, unwavering, resolute, persistent, committed, dedicated, unswerving, staunch, dogged, tolerant.
Kia manawanui, kua pai haere ō tātou kāinga, kua whānui haere ngā huarahi hei takahanga mā ō koutou waewae e taea ai te mātauranga, te ora mō tō tātou iwi (TP 1/7/1899:6). / Be resolute, our homes are improving, the pathways for our feet to tread to achieve knowledge and well-being for our people have broadened.
See also manawanuitanga
Synonyms: manawa rahi, mānawanawa, tūroro, hāura, urupū, pūnoke, taikaha, pūtohe, ngana, hihiri, pikoni, pukutohe, pūkeke, aumangea, mōtohe, niwaniwa, pakepake, pukutohetohe, tohetohe, rae pakari, ngākau titikaha, niwha, kiriūka, marohi, mārohirohi, titikaha, whakakiriūka, ū, pukunanaiore, tōkeke
2. (noun) perseverance, determination, persistence, dedication.
Nā tana noho i runga i te pāmu a te whānau, i mārohirohi ai tana tinana, i pakari hoki ōna whakaaro, i tino kaha hoki tana manawanui (TTR 2000:206). / Because of his life on the family farm his body was strong, his mind was sharp and he was very determined.
Synonyms: urupū, pūnoke, mau tūmārō, pāuaua, tohe, ngana, whakapau kaha, hiringa, tohetohe
manawa rahi
1. (modifier) steadfast, stout-hearted, tolerant, patient, unwavering, resolute, persistent, committed, dedicated, unswerving, staunch, dogged, tolerant.
He ika manawa rahi te tuna. Ka rere tawhiti pāmamao ki te whakaputa uri māna. Ka mahue te noho mai ki te wai tata o Aotearoa nei (HJ 2017:69). / The eel is a stout-hearted fish. It travels to far off places to spawn. It does not remain in the coastal waters of Aotearoa/New Zealand.
Synonyms: manawanui, mānawanawa, tūroro, hāura, urupū, pūnoke, taikaha, pūtohe, ngana, hihiri, pikoni, pukutohe, pūkeke, aumangea, mōtohe, niwaniwa, pakepake, pukutohetohe, tohetohe, rae pakari, ngākau titikaha, niwha, kiriūka, marohi, mārohirohi, titikaha, whakakiriūka, ū, pukunanaiore, tōkeke
ngākau titikaha
1. (verb) to be confident, steadfast, unwavering, resolute, committed, dedicated, unswerving.
Kua ngākau titikaha rātou ki te whakawhiti whakaaro ki te reo i nāianei. / They are confident now to exchange ideas in the language.
Synonyms: rae pakari, manawa rahi, pūtohe, niwha, kiriūka, manawanui, marohi, mārohirohi, titikaha, whakakiriūka, pikoni, ū, pūkeke, aumangea, pukunanaiore, tōkeke
2. (noun) confidence,steadfastness, commitment, dedication.
Tērā tētahi waiata whakaaroha i titoa e te tūrehu, e Pareārohi, i puta tahi ai te ngākau titikaha me te ngākau pōuri (M 2011:74). / A poignant song of pride and regret, composed by the tūrehu Pareārohi, reflects how the human and spirit worlds interacted (M 2011:75).
titikaha
1. (verb) to be steadfast, unwavering, resolute, committed, dedicated, unswerving.
Me titikaha tātou ki te pupuri i tō tātou reo. / We must be resolute in retaining our language.
Synonyms: rae pakari, ngākau titikaha, manawa rahi, pūtohe, niwha, kiriūka, manawanui, marohi, mārohirohi, whakakiriūka, pikoni, ū, pūkeke, aumangea, pukunanaiore, tōkeke
2. (noun) steadfastness, commitment, dedication.
Nā te titikaha ōna, ka whawhai ia ki roto i te Kōti Pīra o taua takiwā, kia kaua ia e utu rēti mō ōna anō whenua tupuna (Te Karere 19/8/2016). / Because of her commitment, she has battled in the District Appeal Court that she should not pay rent for her own ancestral land.
3. (modifier) lawful, legitimate.
Ko te ahikā ka tohu ki te noho tūturu a tētahi tōpūtanga tāngata ki tētahi takiwā (Te Ara 2014). / Continuous settlement indicated legitimate occupation of a group of people to a particular area.
4. (noun) commitment, dedication, devotion.
I mea atu a Apirana Ngata he mahi tāna mā Arapeta kei Pōneke, engari nā tōna tūturu ki ngā kaupapa e pā ana ki tōna whānau me tōna iwi, kāore i tutuki te tono a Apirana (TTR 1998:176). / Apirana Ngata said he had work for Albert in Wellington, but because of commitments to his family and tribe, he wasn't able to fulfil Apirana's request.
5. (noun) upright, post (of a building).
Tītaha ana ngā tūturu o te whare (W 1971:460). / The posts of the house were leaning.
whakaihi
1. (verb) (-a) to dedicate, devote.
He mea whakaihi nā te BBC tētehi pāhotanga o ngā kōrero rongonui mōna, ā, i taetae ake ētehi kupu ā-waea mai i ngā wāhi huhua o te ao (TTR 1996:53). / The BBC devoted a broadcast of well-known accounts about her, and telegrams came from many parts of the world.
2. (verb) to betroth, set apart.
He wahine whakaihi mā taku tamaiti (W 1971:74). / She is a woman betrothed to my son.
whakatapu
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia,-ria) to place a tapu on something, make inaccessible, sanctify, consecrate, set aside, reserve, ban.
Nō te tau 1888 ka whakatapua ko te Hātarei te rā Hāpati me Te Tekau-mā-rua o ngā rā o ia marama, hei whakamaharatanga mō Te Kapenga i a rātau ko ngā whakarau i tau mai ki Whareongaonga (TTR 1990:221). / In 1888 Saturday was sanctified as the Sabbath along with the twelfth of each month to commemorate the Passover when the captives landed at Whareongaonga.
Synonyms: whakataputapu, whakakati, rāhui, tūrāhui, whakakawhena, haumi, porowhita, tāpui, whakaputunga, toe, whenua rāhui, wehe
2. (modifier) sacred, hallowed, holy, sanctified, blessed.
Ka pātai mai te ātipīhopa i ngā pātai o te karakia whakatapu i roto i te Rāwiri, ka whakahokia atu e te pīhopa hou (TTT 1/12/1928:885). / The archbishop asked the questions of the sacred service in the Book of Common Prayer, and the new bishop responded.
3. (noun) blessing, consecration, sanctification, dedication.
Ko te wāhi tuatahi ko te hura i ngā pou o te kēti whakamahara ki ngā hōia, i muri tata iho ko te whakatapu i te whare (TTT 1/5/1923:14). / The first part was the unveiling of the post of the memorial gate to the soldiers, and straight after that was the consecration of the building.
2. (modifier) quick, ready, zealous, eager, enthusiastic.
Nui atu i te ono putu te roa o Rongowhakaata, ā, he āhua manawa reka nei tōna, he mata ratarata, whiwhita anō hoki te titiro (TTR 1998:58). / Rongowhakaata was over six feet tall, a humorous man with a gentle and eager look.
See also ngākau whiwhita
Synonyms: ngākau whakapuke, ngangahau, ngākaunui, whitawhita, ringa tōhau nui, ngākau whiwhita, riterite, atamai, rite, reri, takatū, naho, kamakama, teretere, hihiko, horo, pekepeke, horohoro, hohoro, tūkawikawi, wawewawe, tere, māngi, pepeke, kama, kakama
3. (noun) fanaticism, zeal, keenness, fervor, dedication, enthusiasm.
I te taenga o te kaituhi a Mark Twain ki Whanganui i te tekau tau atu i 1890, ka whakatakariri a ia mō ngā kupu o te tuhinga i te whakapakoko e kī ana ‘he whiwhita, he mohoao’ ngā iwi o te pito whakarunga o te awa i ātete i te noho a te Pākehā (Te Ara 2014). / When he visited Whanganui in the 1890s, the writer Mark Twain was incensed by the text of the memorial, which referred to the ‘fanaticism and barbarism’ of the upper river tribes, who opposed Pākehā settlement.
Synonyms: whakaongaonga, ngākaunui, matangareka, whitawhita, kaikaha, rika, ngākau whakapuke, tāwheta, wana
2. (adjective) be eager, zealous, keen, kindly disposed towards, enthusiastic.
I akona te reo Māori e ia nō te mea he ngākaunui ia ki te Māori (HP 1991:27). / He learnt the Māori language because he was kindly disposed towards Māori people.
Synonyms: ngākau whakapuke, whiwhita, ringa tōhau nui, ngangahau, whitawhita, ngākau whiwhita, kōtaratara, tūkari, kaikaha, kama, mōhukihuki, rikarika, kamakama, ihupuku, matangareka, kōkeko, hīkaka, takawhita
3. (noun) dedication, commitment, devotion, zeal.
Koia nei rā te pūmau me te ngākaunui o Eruera ki tōna whakapono (EM 2002:138). / That was how enduring and dedicated Eruera was to his faith.
Synonyms: matangareka, whitawhita, ngākau whakapuke, kaikaha, rika, tāwheta, whiwhita, wana
tapu
1. (stative) be sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection - see definition 4 for further explanations.
I taua wā ko Te Riri anake te tangata o Ngāti Hine e kaha ana ki te noho i aua whenua. Ko te mea hoki e tapu katoa ana te whaitua nei, pokapoka katoa ana ngā hiwi i ngā rua tūpāpaku (TTR 1998:82). / At that time Te Riri was the only person of Ngāti Hine who wanted to live on the property, because the area was tapu and the surrounding hills were riddled with burial caves.
Synonyms: whakaihi, rohe, kura, whakatapu, puaroa, taparere, apiapi, rāhui, kōpiri, ārikarika
2. (modifier) sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection - see definition 4 for further explanations.
Kei te maumahara tonu ngā uri o Te Whiti ki te tūruapō, arā, te maunga tapu kei te tonga, kei tōna ātārangi he rākau, e pae rua ake ana i tōna peka ngā manu mōhio a Mumuhau rāua ko Takeretō (TTR 1994:172). / It is remembered by Te Whiti's descendants, namely that there is a sacred mountain to the south and in its shadow there is a tree with a branch and on this branch are two birds of knowledge, Mumuhau and Takaretō.
3. (modifier) holy - an adaptation of the original meaning for the Christian concept of holiness and sanctity.
Otiia hei minita anō rātou i roto i tōku wāhi tapu, hei tiaki i ngā kūwaha o te whare, hei minita ki te whare (PT Ehekiera 44:11). / Yet they shall be ministers in my sanctuary, having charge at the gates of the house, and ministering to the house.
4. (noun) restriction, prohibition - a supernatural condition. A person, place or thing is dedicated to an atua and is thus removed from the sphere of the profane and put into the sphere of the sacred. It is untouchable, no longer to be put to common use. The violation of tapu would result in retribution, sometimes including the death of the violator and others involved directly or indirectly. Appropriate karakia and ceremonies could mitigate these effects. Tapu was used as a way to control how people behaved towards each other and the environment, placing restrictions upon society to ensure that society flourished. Making an object tapu was achieved through rangatira or tohunga acting as channels for the atua in applying the tapu. Members of a community would not violate the tapu for fear of sickness or catastrophe as a result of the anger of the atua. Intrinsic, or primary, tapu are those things which are tapu in themselves. The extensions of tapu are the restrictions resulting from contact with something that is intrinsically tapu. This can be removed with water, or food and karakia. A person is imbued with mana and tapu by reason of his or her birth. High-ranking families whose genealogy could be traced through the senior line from the atua were thought to be under their special care. It was a priority for those of ariki descent to maintain mana and tapu and to keep the strength of the mana and tapu associated with the atua as pure as possible. People are tapu and it is each person's responsibility to preserve their own tapu and respect the tapu of others and of places. Under certain situations people become more tapu, including women giving birth, warriors travelling to battle, men carving (and their materials) and people when they die. Because resources from the environment originate from one of the atua, they need to be appeased with karakia before and after harvesting. When tapu is removed, things become noa, the process being called whakanoa. Interestingly, tapu can be used as a noun or verb and as a noun is sometimes used in the plural. Noa, on the other hand, can not be used as a noun.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 237-240; Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 6;)
Kāore he kai maoa o runga i tēnei waka, i a Tākitimu, nā te tapu. He kai mata anake (HP 1991:9). / There was no cooked food on this canoe, on Tākitimu, because it was tapu. There was only raw food.
Ko tēnei i muri nei he karakia whakahorohoro i ngā tapu o ngā tāngata (TWMNT 3/4/1872:58). / The following is a ritual chant to remove the tapu of people.
See also rāhui
Synonyms: poropeihana, apiapi, aukatinga, here, kōpiri, rāhui
tānga o te kawa
1. tapu removal ceremony, striking with a branch of kawakawa, performing the kawa ceremony - when dedicating a new building or canoe.
Nāna i whakahaere ngā mahi taka kai mō te whakatuwheratanga o te whare nui i Waitangi i Pēpuere o te tau 1940, ā, tomokia ana hoki e ia te paepae, i te tānga o te kawa o taua whare (TTR 2000:41). / She organised catering for the opening of the meeting house at Waitangi in February 1940 and crossed the threshold first in the tapu removal ceremony of that house.
See also tā
Synonyms: tāinga o te kawa
tā i te kawa
1. (verb) to strike with a branch of kawakawa, perform the kawa ceremony - when dedicating a new building or canoe.
Ko ia tētahi o ngā tohunga i tonoa kia haere ki te tā i te kawa o Rauru, he whare whakairo i Te Whakarewarewa (TTR 1994:89-90). / He was one of the tohunga invited to open the carved house, Rauru, at Whakarewarewa.
See also tānga o te kawa, kawa, kawa, kawanga whare, tā
tāinga o te kawa
1. (noun) tapu removal ceremony, striking with a branch of kawakawa, performing the kawa ceremony - when dedicating a new building or canoe.
Ā te Poutū-te-rangi o tērā tau te tāinga o te kawa o tō tātou tipuna whare (HKK 1999:14). / The tapu removal ceremony of our ancestral meeting house will be in March next year.
See also tā i te kawa
Synonyms: tānga o te kawa
Whare o Rongomaurikura, Te
1. (location) International Centre for Language Revitalisation - based in Te Ipukarea the National Māori Language Institute at AUT University. The name was given by Dr Wharehuia Milroy. Rongo is the god of peaceful pursuits and is usually associated with matters that are deliberated or debated in the sanctity of the wharenui, the meeting house, thus an academy or institute. Issues associated with language and language revitalisation efforts, should be considered as 'vested with a mauri' for those matters to then be acted upon in a positive way. It is the 'vital essence' that is required to allow the process to take shape, form and be inspirited. This comes through belief, united effort and dedication. Once achieved, the mauri operates in that belief that 'Tūwhitia te hopo, mairangatia te angitū' (i.e. eliminate the negative, accentuate the positive) will ensure sustained effort. Kura can be viewed as: 1. Knowledge regained, knowledge used, knowledge gained (discovery); 2. Staff and all associates; 3. The philosophies that serve to underpin all work that is entered into or undertaken; 4. The students; 5. The communities that will seek to benefit from the research; 6 The mauri, so long as it is maintained in a 'healthy state' by the combined efforts of the groups listed above, while distinct from kura in nature and form, is complementary and indeed kura can only continue to survive if the mauri is 'active'.
