2. (noun) in close order, keep close together (walking in a file).
I te haerenga i roto i te ngahere, me haere tātou i te henga tōpuni. / While we are travelling in the forest, we should keep close together.
kōpani
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to cover with a lid, shut up, shut in, shut off, close up, close off, enclose, conclude - e.g. with a lid or door fitting into an opening, but not used for a sliding cover or a cover turning on hinges.
Synonyms: āpuru, haupunu, whakakōpani, tō waha, hamaruru
2. (noun) lid, cover, trap door.
He kōpani i ngā taringa kei rongo i ngā kōrero o te ao katoa (TWMNT 6/2/1877:46). / It's a covering of the ears in case we hear the news of the whole world.
3. (noun) shutter (of a camera).
Ko te kōpani tētahi atu wāhanga o te arotahi, ko tāna mahi, he tuku, he aukati rānei i te aho (RTA 2014:81). / The shutter is another part of the focus, and its job is to let in, or restrict, the light.
kati
1. (verb) (-a) to close, shut, close up, block up, obstruct.
Ki te wāhi e tuwhera ana, ka whakamautia he pūrangi me te hīnaki, ānō nei hai kati i te huarahi wai ka haere ngā tuna mā reira ki te rere ana (HP 1991:15). / At the place that was open a net and the eel trap were attached as if to close the channel that the eels travelled up if they were running.
Synonyms: kopiti, kopi, tūtaki, tūtakitaki, kokopi, uaki, katikati, tūtataki, whakakopiti, kore, aukati, hōtaetae, pākati, kōpeka, taipuru, ārei, tāiha, kōpekapeka, taupā, taupare, pā, whakakōroiroi, whakapā, whakahōtaetae, ngihangiha, ārai
2. (verb) to be closed.
Te pekenga ake o Tamatekapua, ehara, kua kati te whatitoka; te hokinga mai anō o Whakatūria, kua kati te pihanga (NM 1928:57). / When Tamatekapua lept up, surprise surprise, the door was shut, and when Whakatūria returned the window was shut.
3. (modifier) closing.
Ko te 31 o Kohitātea te rā kati (HM 1/1997:3). / The 31st January is the closing date.
4. (noun) stopping, halting, stoppage.
E ai ki ngā tuhinga a Rāpata Taute mō Te Whiti i te tau 1883, he tangata e kauhau ana i te maungārongo me te kati i te waipiro (TTR 1994:173). / According to Robert Stout's writings about Te Whiti in 1883, he was a person that preached peace and temperance.
piripiri
1. (verb) (-ngia) to keep close, close together, stick, cling, adhere.
I pōuri tonu te rangi me te whenua i mua: ko Rangi rāua ko Papa e piripiri tonu ana, kāore anō i wehea noatia (KO 16/9/1886:4). / Formerly the sky and the land were still in darkness: Rangi and Papa still clung together and were not yet separated.
2. (noun) burr, biddy-bid, Acaena anserinifolia - a common creeping native plant with toothed leaves, white flowers like a spiky ball and fruit of green burrs, turning reddish brown.
See also hutiwai
Synonyms: piriwhetau, kaikaiārure, pirikahu, kaiā, kaiārurerure, hutiwai
3. (noun) drooping filmy fern, Hymenophyllum demissum - the commonest of all filmy ferns, especially on the ground in wetter parts of the country. Has large smooth fronds.
4. (noun) filmy fern, Hymenophyllum sanguinolentum - a terrestrial or epiphytic native fern forming dense patches. Rhizomes long-creeping, slender, fronds dark green, strongly aromatic and was used as a scent. Stipes 20-90 mm long and slender. A very common and widespread species of closed or open forest and shrub-land from coastal to subalpine areas. Also a common species of shaded canyon walls, cliff faces, rock tors, boulder-field and talus slopes.
5. (noun) pygmy tree orchid, Ichthyostomum pygmaeum - a tiny orchid that forms tangled mats of rhizomes and pseudobulbs.One leaf grows from each pseudobulb. Leaves are pointed, green to dark green, 4-10 mm long and 2-4 mm wide with a slightly rough upper surface. Often epiphytic on bumpy bark and outer limbs of trees in coastal and montane forest.
6. (noun) Gonocarpus incanus - wiry, erect or diffusely branched endemic herb up to 40 cm. tall.
7. (noun) Gonocarpus micranthus subsp. micranthus - a slender native herb up to 10 cm. tall, rooting from lowest nodes and having many stems.
8. (noun) rifleman, Acanthisitta chloris - Aotearoa/New Zealand's smallest bird, distinguished by its rounded wings, a very short stumpy tail and a fine, slightly upturned bill. The male is bright yellow-green above while the female is streaked dark and light brown and both have whitish underparts. Found in native forests and scrub.
See also tītitipounamu
Synonyms: kōtipatipa, kōtitititi, toirua, momoutu, momotawai, kōrurerure, tāpahipare, pipiriki, titipounamu, mōutuutu, tītitipounamu, kikimutu, tokepiripiri, muhumuhu, kōhurehure, hōutuutu, kotikotipa, pihipihi
2. (noun) lawnmower.
Kei te whiti te rā, ā, ka whakaaro ake a Piri me tiki atu e ia tana pōtarotaro, ka tapahi ai i ngā mauti. / The sun is shining and Piri decides that he must go and get his mower and then cut the lawn.
pākanga kiritahi
1. (modifier) closely related.
Ko Tamarau Waiari, ko ōna atu ingoa anō ko Te Mākarini Te Wharehuia, ko Te Mākarini Kaikino, otiia, he rangatira manu taupua nō ōna hapū pākanga kiritahi o Ngāti Koura, o Ngāi Te Riu, o Ngāti Muriwai, o Ngāti Hinekura nō roto o te iwi o Tūhoe (TTR 1994:113). / Tamarau Waiari, also known as Te Mākarini Te Wharehuia and Te Mākarini Kaikino, was a high ranked chief of his closely related hapū of Ngāti Koura, Ngāi Te Riu, Ngāti Muriwai and Ngāti Hinekura, within the Tūhoe tribe.
2. (noun) near relative, close relation, close kin.
Tērā anō tētehi rangatira nō Te Arawa anō ko Tohi Te Ururangi te ingoa. Nāna i hāparu ngā kōiwi o ngā tūpuna o Te Amohau i Mōtītī. Nā tēnei i tūhono ai a Haerehuka ki te tautoko i tōna pākanga kiritahi i a Te Amohau (TTR 1990:3). / There was a chief of Te Arawa called Tohi Te Ururangi. He had desecrated the bones of Te Amohau's ancestors on Mōtītī. It was because of this that Haerehuka joined his close relation, Te Amohau.
Synonyms: tahu
2. (modifier) close, close together.
Koinei ētahi o ngā kōrero huhua noa e tohu ana he ora kei roto i te piri tahi o tētahi hunga, i te noho ki te whakaaro kotahi, i te noho toipoto (HJ 2012:211). / These are some of the many sayings advising that there are benefits in a group keeping close together, with a unified plan and staying close together.
2. (verb) (-a,-ia) to reduce, pare down.
Ka rūnā te tona i mua i te tākai ki te rau (Te Ara 2013). / Warts were pared down before biding with leaves.
Synonyms: tāharahara, whakaiti, whakamimiti, heke haere, whakaheke
3. (verb) (-a,-ia) to keep in line, draw together with a cord, keep close, closed.
Wetewetekia te here o te kete kia tangara kia marama ai te haere ki Parihaka, ki te rūnā te kete he aha hoki te take o te haere? (TJ 6/6/1899:1). / Untie the binding of the basket so that it's loose and the travel to Parihaka is clear, because if the basket is securely closed just what is the purpose of going?
whakapiri
1. (verb) (-ngia,-a,-hia,-tia) to stick, fasten, remain close to, keep close, keep watertight, paste.
Ka ngangautia e ia kia ngāwari, kia pakupaku, ka āta whakapiritia ki te mamae, hāware katoa atu nō te mea he pai tonu hoki te hāware mō te whakaora (HP 1991:23). / She chewed it until it was soft and small and carefully applied it to the sore part. It had saliva throughout because saliva is quite good for healing.
2. (verb) to define one's relationship and position with someone using whakapapa.
Arā kē te mokopuna tika a Tamahau ko Maata nō te mea ko tā rāua mokopuna tērā ko Hikawera, arā kē te tamāhine tūturu a Tamahau ko Hōriana, ko au i whakapiri noa atu i tōku whakapapa ki te taha o Tamahau (TPH 31/12/1903:3). / The correct grandchild of Tamahau is Martha because Hikawera is their grandchild and the real daughter of Tamahau was Hōriana, I established my relationship in my whakapapa with Tamahau's side.
3. (modifier) closely associated.
I whakatūria anō e Rīpeka me ētahi atu wāhine rangatira, tētahi rōpū whakapiri, arā, ko Te Rōpū Māori Girls' Club (TTR 1996:76). / Rīpeka and some other leading women set up an association called Te Rōpū Māori Girls' Club.
4. (noun) close association.
Na, nō muri ka whakapaengia nā tōna whakapiri pea ki ngā Wēteriana i whai ai ia i te ngāwari (TTR 1990:66). / Later it was claimed that perhaps it was because of close association with the Wesleyans that he pursued an accommodation.
2. (verb) to be uncooked, underdone.
Nāna anō tana hāngī i tahu, i poki, ā, mangungu ana ngā kai o taua hāngī (TW 7/10/1876:367). / He cooked and covered his own hāngī and the food of that hāngī was underdone.
3. (modifier) uncooked, underdone.
He tahu hē nā taku hoa i ā māua kai, ā, kāhore he hāngī i maoa, he hāngī mangungu anake (W 1971:178). / Because my friend cooked our food incorrectly, none of the hāngī food was cooked, it was only undercooked hāngī food.
4. (noun) close weaving, close knitting.
Ki te āta titiro koe i te kākahu nei, ka kitea te mangungu o te whatu. / If you look closely at this cloak the close weaving can be seen.
tata
1. (verb) to be near, close, nearby, closely, about, suddenly.
Synonyms: pātata, kō tata tonu atu, tātata, tūtata, pahaki, (ko) tōna ... (nei), āhua
2. (modifier) a little, slightly, just - when placed after a locative, or location word, tata indicates a short distance away.
I te tau 1866 ka mauherehia a Te Kooti ki waho tata o Tūranga, ā, ka kawea ki Wharekauri me te kore whakawā (Te Ara 2017). / In 1866 when Te Kooti was arrested just out of Gisborne he was taken to the Chatham Islands and without trial.
Synonyms: ake, tika, tou, noa, noa iho, tōkeke, noa ake, tonu, ia, ia rā, heipū, mārie, mārika, mārire, kau
3. (modifier) shortly, just - when placed after a word for time, tata indicates a short space of time.
I ngā wiki i mua tata atu i tōna matenga, he rite tonu tana puta ake hei kaiwhakaatu mō ngā kerēme i te aroaro o te Kōti Whenua Māori (TTR 1990:153). / In the weeks just prior to his death, he continued to appear before the Native Land Court as a witness for the claims.
Synonyms: takitaro, karo, ākuanei, ā kō kō ake nei, ākuara, ā kō tonu ake nei, ā kō (tonu) ake nei, potopoto
4. (modifier) close by - when placed after a verb.
Ka tuku kupu ngā amorangi o Ngāti Kahungunu ki ō rātou iwi e noho tata mai ana, kia whakahiato hei ope taua mō rātou (TTR 1990:333). / The chiefs of Ngāti Kahungunu sent word to their tribes living nearby to assemble their forces.
5. (modifier) nearly, almost - when placed before a verb, tata indicates something is very close to reaching a particular state.
Kua tata oti te pukapuka te tuhi. / Writing the book is nearly finished.
I tata mīia ō māua tarau i te kaha o tā māua kata (HJ 2015:234). / We nearly wet our pants we were laughing so much.
Synonyms: whakatata, whano, tōtahi, kua [mutu] tonu, whano tae
6. (noun) closeness, near to, away from.
Ko tōna haerenga tēnei i tae ai ia ki te 170 māero te tata atu ki te pito o te ao (TP 9/1909:8). / On this trip he got to 170 miles away from the pole.
piri
1. (verb) (-ngia) to stick, adhere, cling, keep close.
Kei te āta āngia haeretia e te Pākehā, āpōpō ake nei piri mai ana i ngā pari, i runga rānei i ngā keokeonga o ngā maunga (TTT 1/3/1930:1992). / We are slowly being driven out by the Pākehā and soon will be clinging to the cliffs or on the peaks of the mountains.
2. (modifier) adhering to, loyal to, supporting, sticking to.
He tokomaha o ngā tāngata piri ki te Kīngi Māori kua poka tikanga hei ārai mō tā te Kāwana whakahaere ki ētahi atu iwi Māori i runga i ngā mea kāhore nei ō rātou wāhi e whai tikanga ai (TMT 1/6/1861:2). / A large number of people loyal to Māori King have interfered as an obstacle to the Governor's operations with other Māori tribes in matters with which they have no concern.
3. (noun) adherence, loyalty, commitment, allegiance.
Kua whakatūria he mana hou, e kore rawa nei e āhei te tū tahi rāua ko te piri ki a Te Kuīni, e tapahi nei hoki i runga i te Kawenata o Waitangi (TMT 1/6/1861:2). / A new authority has been set up that is inconsistent with allegiance to the Queen, and in violation of the Treaty of Waitangi.
Synonyms: pirihongo, ngākau pono, ngākaupono, piripono
4. (noun) closely woven protective mat - used as a defence against spear thrusts.
Na ko te piri, ko te pukupuku, ko te māhiti, ko te pūahi, ko te tōpuni hei kākahu whawhai, hei whakapuru mānuka, huata (W 1971:283). / Now the closely woven protective mat, the flax shield, the white hair of dogs' tails cape, the dogskin cloak of dark hair with white borders were fighting garments and for protection against thrusting weapons and long weapons.
5. (noun) woven flax foundation of a dogskin cloak.
pōtētē
1. (verb) to close the eyes - when performing haka and waiata. Often followed immediately by pūkana.
Ko te pōtētē he āhua rite anō ki te pūkana, engari ko te mea nui kē o tēnei mahi he whakatautau, arā, ka whati ngā turi, ka moe ngā kanohi (Wh4 2004:59). / The pōtētē is a little like the pūkana, but the main thing about this activity is to whakatautau, that is, the knees bend and the eyes shut.
purutiti
1. (verb) to be closed up, clogged (of a passageway, etc.), blocked up.
E rite ana ngā uaua toto o te tinana ki te kōrere wai. Ka mahea ana te kōrere, pai ana te rere o te wai. Ka putu ana he para ki roto i te kōrere, kua iti haere te rere o te wai. Mehemea ka purutiti i te para, kati tonu atu. Pērā tonu te āhua o te rere o te toto i ngā uaua ki te manawa (Wh3 2003:121). / The arteries of the body are like water pipes. When the pipe is clear, the water flows well. When sediment collects in the pipe, the flow of water diminishes. If it is clogged up with sediment, it is blocked. The flow of blood in the arteries to the heart are exactly the same.
rāhui
1. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to put in place a temporary ritual prohibition, closed season, ban, reserve - traditionally a rāhui was placed on an area, resource or stretch of water as a conservation measure or as a means of social and political control for a variety of reasons which can be grouped into three main categories: pollution by tapu, conservation and politics. Death pollutes land, water and people through tapu. A rāhui is a device for separating people from tapu things. After an agreed lapse of time, the rāhui is lifted. A rāhui is marked by a visible sign, such as the erection of a pou rāhui, a post. It is initiated by someone of rank and placed and lifted with appropriate karakia by a tohunga.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 226-227;)
Ka rāhuitia ngā pipi, ka oha (W 1971:237). / When the cockles are protected from being harvested they become plentiful.
See also whatu
Synonyms: tapu, poropeihana, whakakati, whakatapu, tūrāhui, toe, wehe, whakakawhena, haumi, porowhita, tāpui, whakaputunga, whenua rāhui
2. (modifier) reserved, restricted access, restricted.
I pā ā-tinana tonu a Īhāia ki ngā whakahaere a te kōti whenua i te wā o ngā huihuinga autō mō te poraka o Waikōpiro me ētahi atu, nō mua kē atu he whenua rāhui i kōwhakina mai i te poraka o Waipukurau (TTR 1994:30). / Ihaia had personal experience of the operations of land court during the protracted hearings concerning the Waikōpiro block and others, which were originally reserves separated off from the Waipukurau block.
Synonyms: apiapi, kōpiri, ārikarika, taparere, tapu, nguengue, whakamōwai, memeke, tāpui, whakatōngā, hūnguengue, konekone, nohopuku, tōngā, wahangū
3. (noun) warning sign that a rāhui is in place, sanctuary, resource reserve, temporary prohibition.
Ko te pou rāhui te tohu o te rāhui, he mea pani ki te whero. Hei ētahi wā ka whakairia he kākahu, he hukahuka, he rarauhe rānei hei tohu i te rāhui. He wā ko te rangatira tonu ka whakatau i te rāhui (Te Ara 2013). / A rāhui was often indicated by a post painted red. Sometimes clothing, a lock of hair, or bracken fern might be hung to signal a rāhui. Sometimes a chief would place the rāhui.
Synonyms: whakamaurutanga
takatāpui
1. (modifier) close (friend), intimate (friend).
Kei te maumahara tonu i ahau, aku hoa takatāpui, i te wā e tamariki ana, he waewae hape tētahi, he tuarā hake tētahi (TTT 1/1/1925:171). / I still remember my close friends at the time I was young, one had deformed legs, another was a hunchback.
2. (noun) close friend (of the same gender), intimate friend (of the same gender).
Ko tōna ingoa karanga tonu i ētahi wā ko Hāmi, engari ko Tahi ki ōna takatāpui, me 'Sam Maioha Junior' ki ōna hoa umanga Pākehā (TTR 1996:92). / His nickname was Hāmi, but to his intimate friends he was Tahi, and Sam Maioha Junior to his Pākehā business associates.
Ka mōhio haere a Tūtānekai ki te takatāpui, arā, ki te whakahoa. Ka piri ō rāua wairua ko tōna hoa takatāpui ko Tiki, ānō he teina he tuakana rāua (Biggs 1997:105). / Tūtānekai cultivated a close friendship. He and Tiki were spiritually close, like older and younger brothers (Biggs 1997:104).
See also hoa tāpui
3. (noun) lesbian, gay, homosexual, gay men and women.
I te tekau tau atu i 1970 ka tino rerekē te wāhi o te takatāpui ki Aotearoa (Te Ara 2013). / The place of gay men and lesbians in Aotearoa/New Zealand began to change dramatically in the 1970s.
Synonyms: wahine moe wahine
2. (modifier) attached, keeping close, faithful, loyal.
See also pirihonga
haitutu
1. (stative) be oppressive (of the atmosphere), close, stuffy, humid, muggy.
He pō haitutu, he pō e hēmanawa ai te tangata (PK 2008:65). / An oppressive night, a night when a person becomes uncomfortably hot.
Synonyms: takawai
