rirohanga
1. (noun) possessive, possession.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 135-136;)
Ko tēnei whānau kupu e whakaatu ana i te 'rirohanga': tāku/tōku, āku/ōku, tā/tō rāua, ā/ō rāua, tā/tō koutou (haere ake) (HJ 2012:81). / This family of words indicate possession: tāku/tōku, āku/ōku, tā/tō rāua, ā/ō rāua, tā/tō koutou (etc.).
Synonyms: taonga
2. (modifier) red, scarlet, red feather.
He kahu kura te kākahu (NM 1928:87). / The garment was a red feather cloak.
Synonyms: pākurakura, ura, whero, nganangana, ngangana, tōwhero, waipū, kākaramea, pūwhero, hīwera
3. (noun) red feathers, feathers used as decoration, treasure, valued possession, heirloom, precious possession, sacred, divine law, philosophy, darling, chief.
Takoto mai, e koro, kia tangihia koe e ō iwi. Auē! Ka mau te punga here o te waka nei. Ka ngaro koe, te kaihautū, te kākākura o roto i te pōkai, te puhi o Aotearoa, te kura whakahirahira o Te Waipounamu, te mauri o te whenua, te mauri o te tangata, haere! Haere rā! (TP 7/1906:9). / Lie in state, sir, to be wept over by your people. Oh, dear! The anchor of this canoe is taken. You are gone, the fugleman, the leader of the flock, the adored one of the North Island, the important treasure of the South Island, the life force of the land and the people. Depart! Farewell!
Synonyms: tapu, whakatapu, puaroa, rapunga whakaaro
4. (noun) glow.
Ko ngā ingoa o taua kura koia tēnei - he āniwaniwa, he koroirangi kei te rā, kei te marama, kei te whakaumu te marama, te rā rānei, koia nei ngā whakahua. Engari ko te tino ingoa ia he kurahaupō tō te marama, he kura-hau-awatea tō te rā (JPS 1927:357). / The names of that glow are these - āniwaniwa and koroirangi pertain to the sun or moon, when the moon or sun are encircled, those are the terms. But the genuine names are kurahaupō, that is of the moon, and kura-hau-awatea is that of the sun.
5. (noun) bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica - a brown-and-white migratory wading bird with a long, slightly upturned, black bill and a pink base which breeds in the northern hemisphere and summers in the southern. This term is applied to the red plumage of the bird immediately prior to the migration to the northern hemisphere.
Ka mārama pea te manu nei: he kuaka te ingoa iwi, he kura, he kakao, he karoro, ngā ingoa hapū (HKW 1/11/1901:1). / This bird probably needs explaining: the species name is 'kuaka' and 'kura', 'kakao' and 'karoro' are the varietal names.
See also kuaka
Synonyms: rakakao, kakao, hakakao, tarakakao, rīrīwaka, kuhikuhiwaka, karoro, kuaka
whaipānga
1. (verb) to have a share, have a place, have an interest, possess a claim, possess a right.
Whakatūria ai e te Kōmihana mō ngā Tari Kāwanatanga ēnei wānanga ia marama mō ngā kaimahi kāwanatanga, ko ngā kaupapa e whakahaeretia ana e whaipānga ana ki a rātou (HM 4/1990:1). / The State Services Commission holds these symposiums each month for government employees and the topics scheduled are of interest to them.
Nā tōna whaipānga ki ngā iwi huhua, ka haria mai hoki ō rātau raruraru māna e wānanga, māna hoki e whakatau (TTR 1994:143). / Because of her connections with many tribes, disputes were brought to her to consider and settle.
See also whai pānga
Synonyms: whaitake
ika
1. (noun) fish, marine animal, aquatic animal - any creature that swims in fresh or salt water including marine mammals such as whales.
Ka kite a ia i te kekeno e noho ana i te ākau, ā ko te mea i te ringa o taua tamaiti he tarapu tera hōiho, ā, nā taua tamaiti i patu taua ika ki taua tarapu tera (TW 31/8/1878:432). / He saw a seal sitting on the shore, and the thing in that boy's hand was a horse’s saddle stirrup and the boy beat that animal with that saddle stirrup.
Ka kī ngā pihapiha o te ika rā i te onepū, ka mate (NM 1928:29). / When the blowholes of that whale were full of sand, it died.
2. (noun) slain warrior, victim.
Kei te urupā o Muruika, i Ōhinemutu i Rotorua, te rangatira nei e okioki ana, kei te taha tonu o tōna matua tipuna, o ōna whanaunga, me ngā ika a Whiro o ngā pakanga e rua o te ao (TTR 2000:52). / This leader rests at the Muruika cemetery at Ōhinemutu in Rotorua right beside his father and other relatives and the veterans of two world wars.
3. (noun) prized possession - a figurative use.
Ka haramai a Ngāhue ki te whai mai i tana ika, arā i te pounamu (JPS 1899:49). / Ngāhue came in pursuit of his prized possession, that is, of greenstone.
Synonyms: matahīapo
2. (modifier) blue.
He mate anō tō te kupu kahurangi. Ko tēnei kupu (me te kupu kikorangi) e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā momo kahurangi katoa (HM 3/1992:5). / There's also a problem with the word 'kahurangi' (blue). This word (and the word 'kikorangi') are used generally for all shades of blue.
3. (modifier) prized, precious, honourable, distinguished.
Taku tau kahurangi ka makere, ē, i ahau (M 2004:324). / My honourable lover has fallen from me.
Synonyms: matapopore, māpuna, tongarewa, marihi, matahīapo, matenui, mōmōhanga, puipuiaki, puiaki, hokoi, kāmehameha, piripoho, tongarerewa
4. (noun) treasured possession, darling, jewel.
He kahurangi ia, he matahīapo i te iwi (TWMNT 26/1/1875:22). / She was a darling, a treasure of the people.
Synonyms: tongarerewa
5. (noun) illustrious person, famous person, person of high rank, chieftain, lady of high rank.
KI ngā iwi, ki ngā hapū, me ngā mana e pupuri mai nei i te mana Māori, i ngā marae o Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu, tēnā rā koutou, ngā morehu a Aituā, tūāhuatanga o ēnā o ō tātou rangatira ka riro rā ki Paerau, ki te huinga o te kahurangi, ki te takotoranga tē taea te whakakorikori (TP 8/1912:7). / To the tribes, subtribes and the people of standing retaining Māori status on the marae of the North and South Islands, greetings to you all, who are the survivors of misfortune and stand in place of our leaders who have departed to the meeting place of the dead, to the gathering of the illustrious, to the resting place from which you are not able to move.
6. (noun) light green, translucent variety of greenstone without flaws or spots - a highly valued variety.
Heoi, whakamanawanui tonu, ka kitea ngā kōwhatu pounamu i konei e Hine-ahu. Nō te tangihanga o Hine-ahu, koia te tangiwai. Nō te nui o tōna rangatiratanga, koia te kahurangi; mō tōna tīparetanga ki te kawakawa koia te kawakawa (JPS 1914:8). / Nevertheless, they went on with stout hearts, and then Hine-ahu discovered some greenstone. Because of her lamentations it was called 'tangiwai'. Because of her rank the kahurangi greenstone was so named; and from her making of headband of kawakawa leaves the kawakawa greenstone variety was named.
7. (personal noun) Dame (title).
I ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau 2000 ka eke ētahi tāngata Māori ki mua i te aroaro o te iwi whānui o Aotearoa, kua hau rānei te rongo ki te ao mō ā rātau mahi. Ko ētahi o tēnei hunga ko Kahurangi Kiri Te Kanawa rātou ko te kaiwhakahaere kiriata a Lee Tamahori, te kōtiro whakaari a Keisha Castle-Hughes, te toa haupōro a Michael Campbell, te tohungatā a Ralph Hōtere, ngā kaituhi a Patricia Grace me Witi Ihimaera (Te Ara 2014). / In the early 2000s a number of Māori individuals were regarded as major national figures or had international reputations in their chosen fields. Among them were the opera singer Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, film director Lee Tamahori, child actor Keisha Castle-Hughes, golfer Michael Campbell, artist Ralph Hotere, and writers Patricia Grace and Witi Ihimaera (Te Ara 2014).
pupuri
1. (verb) (purihia,puritia) to hold, retain possession of, keep, hold on to, grip, restrain, keep in the memory, save (computer), burn (a disk).
Ka warua katoa ngā tapeha, māmā ana tērā ki te pupuri (HP 1991:15). / When the bark was scraped off it was easy to hold.
Synonyms: puripuri, puri, tiaki, pupuru, whakapupuri, whakawhenua, whakaita, paraire, nati, whakatina
2. (modifier) retaining, holding.
Ko tā Hīria he kohi rimurapa hei hanga pōhā tītī, he raranga kete pupuri pōhā hei kawe mai i ngā tītī i te motu (TTR 1996:71). / Hīria's task was gathering bull kelp to make bags for preserving muttonbirds, and weaving baskets to hold the kelp bags to transport the muttonbirds from the island.
3. (noun) retention, retaining.
I nanao atu ia ki ngā taonga o te ao hou, me te pupuri i ngā tikanga o te ao tawhito (TTR 1990:27). / He grasped hold of the treasures of the new world while retaining the practices of the old world.
taumanu
1. (verb) (-tia) to take possession (of another's goods), impound, colonize.
I taea e ia te whakawhere a Ngāti Tama rāua ko Ngāti Rangatahi kia whakatahi, otirā, i kī a ia, nā te hunga Pākehā tūtūā: i mūrei ngā kāinga me ngā mahinga kai, i maoho te whare karakia, i taumanu ō rātou waka (TTR 1990:203). / He managed to persuade Ngāti Tama and Ngāti Rangatahi to withdraw, but reported that 'low Europeans' had plundered the homes and cultivations, broken into the chapel and stolen canoes.
2. (verb) to repossess, foreclose, reclaim.
Nā rātou i hoko mai ētahi pāmu utu nui, engari he mea taumanu ngā mōkete i muri mai (TTR 1996:155). / They bought expensive farms, but the mortgages were later foreclosed.
3. (noun) thwart (of a canoe) - a paddler's seat.
pupuru
1. (verb) (purutia) to hold, retain possession of, keep, hold on to, grip, maintain, restrain, keep in the memory, clasp, save (computer).
Ka tata rawa ki te ū ki uta, ka tahuri te kōpapa nei, ka mau te kōtiro kaumātua ake ki tētehi o ngā tamariki ka kau ki uta, ka mau tētehi o rāua ki tētehi tamaiti ka pupuru tonu ki te waka (TH 1/8/1859:4). / When they had almost reached the shore this small canoe capsized and the oldest girl grabbed one of the children and swam ashore, while the other one grabbed another child and held on to the canoe.
Synonyms: tuarā, whakanonoi, puri, tiaki, pupuri, puripuri, whakapupuri, whakatina, nati, whakaita, paraire, whakawhenua
2. (modifier) retaining, holding.
I uru katoa ngā Māori ki roto i te raruraru o Taranaki i runga i te kaupapa pupuru i tō rātou mana (TTR 1994:195). / All Māori were involved in the Taranaki troubles for the purpose of retaining their mana.
3. (noun) retention, retaining.
Ko tā rātou whakapono mā te kotahitanga o ngā iwi i raro i te kīngi kotahi, he ōrite te mana ki tō te Kuīni o Ingarangi, ka mutu ai te pakanga a tētehi iwi i tētehi, te pupuru a te iwi Māori i te whenua Māori (Te Ara 2016). / Their belief was that by unifying the people under one sovereign equal in mana to the Queen of England, intertribal conflict would end and the retention of Māori land would be achieved.
puri
1. (verb) (-tia) to hold, retain possession of, keep, hold on to, grip, restrain, keep in the memory.
Heoi anō, nā te hiahia tonu o Timi Kara ki te puri i ngā whakahaere, ka tohua e ia he tiamana ki ngā poari e popore ana ki te rīhi (TTR 1994:13). / However, because of James Carroll's desire to hold onto control, he appointed chairmen to the boards who favoured leasing.
Synonyms: tiaki, pupuru, pupuri, puripuri, nati, paraire, whakaita, whakatina, whakawhenua, whakapupuri
2. (modifier) memorised, retained, ancient (lore).
Ehara anake ko ngā kōrero tīpuna e pā ana ki ngā kōrero puri, ki ngā tāhuhu kōrero me te whakapapa i mau i a ia (TTR 1994:16). / It wasn't only the ancestral narratives of ancient lore, history and knowledge of genealogy that she held.
Synonyms: mau
3. (noun) holding, retention, retaining.
Ki tōna nei whakaaro me mau tonu te puri a ngā tāngata whai pānga i ō rātau whenua (TTR 1998:12). / In his opinion the shareholders should continue with the retention of their land.
2. (noun) having, possessing.
Kāhore he tangata hei rite mōu; te mōhio, te whaiwhakaaro. / There is nobody that has the knowledge and the understanding that you do.
taonga
1. (noun) property, goods, possession, effects, object.
I āhua kōrekoreko ngā kanohi o te Māori i te kitenga i ngā taonga whakamīharo a te Pākehā, mahue ana ngā taonga Māori, whiua ana ki tahaki (TTT 1/5/1923:4). / Māori eyes were a bit dazzled when they saw the marvelous equipment of the Pākehā, Māori tools were abandoned and tossed aside.
Synonyms: rirohanga, kame, utauta, āhuatanga, hautaonga, hanga, whakakāhore, ahanoa, takunetanga, whakatoitoi, mea, tarawene, tohe, tohetohe, rawa
2. (noun) treasure, anything prized - applied to anything considered to be of value including socially or culturally valuable objects, resources, phenomenon, ideas and techniques. Examples of the word's use in early texts show that this broad range of meanings is not recent, while a similar range of meanings from some other Eastern Polynesian languages support this (e.g. Tuamotuan). The first example sentence below was first published in a narrative in 1854 by Sir George Grey, but was probably written in 1849 or earlier.
E tū ana te haka, ko tō te tangata māori taonga nui tēnei mō te manuhiri (NM 1928:122). / Haka were performed as this was a great treasure of human beings for guests.
Kei ētahi whenua he taonga nui anō te puna wai (TKP 28/6/1858:3). / In some countries a spring of water is a highly valued treasure.
I ētahi wā ka whakatakotoria he mere, he patu pounamu, parāoa rānei ki runga i te tūpāpaku. Ki te pīrangi te iwi kia whakahokia mai aua taonga, ka huria ngā kakau ki te iwi. Ki te huria ngā kakau ki te tūpāpaku, ko te tohu me ngaro atu aua taonga ki tōna taha (RR 1974:21). / Sometimes a mere, or a greenstone or whalebone short weapon was laid down on the body of the deceased. If the people wanted those treasures to be returned, the handles were turned to the people, but if the handles were turned to the body that was a sign that those treasures should go with him/her.
matahīapo
1. (modifier) precious, prized.
Hei tohu i te mana me te awe hoki o Mere Rikiriki, i tāpaetia atu ai e Kīngi Tāwhiao he haki māna, e mau nei te ingoa ko 'E Te Iwi Kia Ora'; kātahi te taonga matahīapo ko tēnei (TTR 1996:171) / Mere Rikiriki's mana and influence is symbolised by King Tāwhiao's presentation to her of the flag 'E Te Iwi Kia Ora'; what a prized possession this was.
Synonyms: māpuna, tongarewa, marihi, matenui, kahurangi, mōmōhanga, tongarerewa, puiaki, hokoi, kāmehameha, piripoho, puipuiaki, matapopore
2. (noun) treasure, prized possession.
He kahurangi ia, he matahīapo i te iwi (TWMNT 26/1/1875:22). / She was a darling, a treasure of the people.
Synonyms: ika
rei
1. (noun) ivory, tusk, large tooth, anything of ivory, cherished possession.
I te taenga o Kāwana Parāone ki Te Tai Tokerau, ka whakawhiwhia e ia a Maihi ki tētahi taonga hīri, he rei, hei tohu i te rongomau me te kotahitanga o te iwi Pākehā me te iwi Māori (TTR 1994:42). / When Governor Browne arrived in Northland he gave Maihi an ivory seal as a token of peace and unity between Māori and Pākehā.
2. (noun) zygomatic bone, bone between the eye and ear.
whiwhi
1. (verb) to have, acquire, possess, win (a prize, etc.), obtain, get, receive - used as an ordinary verb but not passively.
Kua whiwhi ia i tētahi karahipi. / She has won a scholarship.
Kātahi au ka whiwhi pūtu mōku (HP 1991:26). / It was the first time I had boots.
I te nui o ngā mea i whiwhi rā te tuakana, ka noho ko te hūngeingei te kai a te teina (PK 2008:155). / Because of the amount of things the older brother had, the younger brother was consumed with resentment.
See also whakawhiwhi
kei
1. (particle) at, on, in - particle marking present position or time.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 15, 16, 29;)
See also kai
2. (particle) has, have, with, in possession of, having.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 82-84;)
3. (particle) beware lest, might, do not - expresses a warning if it follows a command or a negative command and stands on its own. In this usage it suggests that something might happen, but not necessarily that it will. Kei may also be used as a command not to do something, in which case it will begin the sentence and be followed by a verb.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 59;)
Kia tere, kei mākū koe i te ua. / Hurry up or you'll get wet from the rain.
Kei wareware tātou e haere kē mai ana tātou ki te kōrero Māori nō reira whakarērea atu tō reo Pākehā i te kāinga (HM 2/1999:5). / Don't forget that we are all coming to speak Māori so leave your English language at home.
Synonyms: pea
4. (particle) like, as.
He mano te patupaiarehe kei te tarakihi; ko te āhua he āhua tangata, pēnei me te āhua Pākehā, ko te kiri i mā, i kōrakorako te māhunga me te kiri katoa, i rerekē kīhai i rite ki te tangata Māori (KO 20/11/1886:7). / The patupaiarehe are numerous like cicadas; their appearance is the same as humans, like the Pākehā the skin is white and the hair and all the skin is fair, not like the Māori people.
Synonyms: pīrangi, rata, rite, tairite, ānō nei, enanga, riterite, matareka, manako, me, ōrite, pai, ānō
5. (particle) madam, sir - a polite form of address used instead of e, but used only with nouns or names that are not English name or names that have been transliterated from other languages.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 190;)
Kei Te Rangihau, nau mai, haere mai! / Te Rangihau sir, welcome!
Kei te rangatira, kei te tino whakaae mātou ki tō whakatau. / Sir, we really agree with your decision.
6. (particle) .
See also kei ... ana, kei noho ... ka ..., kei te ...
2. (verb) (-tia) to possess a claim.
He whakapūmau i ētahi whenua rāhui i reira ki ngā tāngata Māori e whaitake ana (RT 2013:104). / Some reserve land there was certified to Māori people who had a claim.
Synonyms: whaipānga
3. (noun) connection, association, link, relationship, relevance.
Ka kōrero a Te Rōpihana i te whaitake o te Hāhi ki ana motu o Rarotonga (KO 16/11/1885:7). / Rev. Robertson spoke about the connections of the Church to his islands of the Cook Islands.
Synonyms: haratau, hāngaitanga, piringa, hono, hononga, pāhekoheko, whakanohonoho, whanaungatanga, whakapiringa, taunekeneke, tauhere, tūhonotanga, taukaea
2. (verb) (-hia) to remove, take away.
Ka tango ki te pū wīwī, ka rere iho taua wahine nei ki roto ki te kōruarua, ākina iho hoki taua pū wīwī nei (NM 1928:9). / The woman removed the clump of rushes and fled down into the hole and replaced the clump of rushes.
Synonyms: hiki, hura, opeope, kāhaki, maiki, tauwehe, mākerekere, whakahorohoro, unuunu, hīkaro, huaranga
3. (verb) (-hia) to subtract, take away, minus.
E waru, tangohia te toru, ka rima (8 - 3 = 5) (TRP 2010:251). / Eight minus three is five.
a
1. (particle) of, belonging to - used when the possessor has, or had, control of the relationship or is dominant, active or superior to what is possessed. Thus, in most contexts in a sentence, moveable property, tools, things made by humans, food, drink (except water for drinking), husband (tāne), wife (wahine), lover (whaiāipo), children, grandchildren, people in an inferior position, plants and animals, pets and crops, and work are likely to take the a category. If the possessor is active towards the possessed the a category will also be used, including when derived nouns are used this way.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-55, 108-109, 140-141; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 2, 16, 23, 33-34, 36; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 166-167; Te Pihinga Study Guide (Ed. 1): 166-167; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 113, 178-179;)
Nā te whakamārama a te kaiako, ka mōhio a Pio me pēhea tana mahi. / It was thanks to the teacher's explanation that Pio knew how his work should be done.
Areare ō taringa ki te tangi a te pīpīwharauroa (Te Ara 2015). / Open your ears to the call of the shining cuckoo.
Nō te taenga mai a Te Mōkena ki runga ka hoatu ngā pū māna (TWM 1/7/1865:1). / When Mr Morgan arrived in the south he was given guns.
