raraku
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to scrape, scratch.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 10-11;)
I raraku ana ringaringa i te kōhatu rā, e mau nei anō i nāianei, e mau nei anō te rakuhanga i te kōhatu (JPS 1894:171). / She scratched the rock with her hands and the scratch marks are still on the rock today.
Synonyms: rapi, rarapi, hārau, rapirapi, haehae, tiwha, riwha, nanatu, hae, weku, hākuku, kowani, tahitahi, waruwaru, whawharo, kaku, waku, wakuwaku, pākēkē, waru, wani, harakuku, hāro, rakaraka, tīwani, honihoni, kauhoro, wharowharo, raku, tuakuku, okoi, rakuraku
2. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to gently scratch the hand as an amorous gesture.
Ka toro mai te ringa o te wahine nei, ka raraku (NM 1928:165). / This woman stretched out her hand and scratched him affectionately.
3. (noun) scratching, scraping, scratch marks.
I te ngārara nei e kari ana i tōna huarahi ki roto i te kiri, ka māeneene te kiri, ka tīmata te raraku a te tamaiti (TTT 1/8/1927:640). / When the insect is digging its way into the skin the skin becomes itchy and the child begins scratching.
Synonyms: hāro, honihoni, hākuku, waruwaru, rapirapitanga, haehae, harakuku, rapi, rapirapi
4. (noun) strumming, strum.
Ka puta tōna reo mā te katokato i te au, mā te raraku, mā te pākuru rānei ki tētahi rākau iti (RTP 2015:47). / Its voice emerges by plucking the string, by strumming, or by striking it with a small stick.
pitore
1. (verb) to make an insulting gesture by exposing the female private parts.
Ka pitore atu te kuia ki te tangata whakahīhī. / The elderly woman made an insulting gesture to the arrogant man by exposing her genitals.
Ka pitore atu au i taku tou ki te tangata (W 1971:285). / I showed my posterior to the man.
2. (verb) to pull down the lower eyelid to expose the whites of the eye - as a gesture of cheekiness or as an insult.
I whakatoihia te wahine e te tamaiti, me te pitore o te karu. / The child was cheeky to the woman and pulled down his lower eyelid.
whakaheke
1. (verb) (-a) to cause to descend, let down, lower, shed (tears).
I te raumati ka kapi katoa ngā awa nui i te kahupapa rākau e whakaheke ana ki ngā mira (TWMNT 17/9/1873:109). / In summer the main rivers are all covered with timber rafts being guided down to the mills.
Synonyms: iho, whakamahuru, whakararo, whakahinga, tuku, whakahoro, tukutuku
2. (verb) (-a) to decrease, reduce, lower.
I kī mai a Māminga nāna i whakaheke te utu o tana waka, he pai nōna ki a au. Mēnā e hokona ana ki tētahi atu, kua kotahi mano tāra atu anō. Rangi: Tēnā rūkahu tēnā. Kaua e arohia atu ngā whakapatipati a tēnā kutu (HKK 1999:65). / Pare: Māminga (Deceitful) said that he reduced the price of his vehicle because he liked me. If he was selling it to someone else it would have been one thousand dollars more. Rangi: That's a load of rubbish. Don't take any notice of that vermin's smooth talk.
Synonyms: whakamimiti, heke haere, tāharahara, rūnā, whakaiti
3. (verb) (-a) to hand down, bequeath, pass down.
Ka whakaaria atu ki a Puhihuia, ka mea atu a ia, "E kō, tēnā tō patu, te patu a tō matua i whakahekea mai ki a au tā tātou manatunga mau ai, tēnā tō patu hei koha māu ki ō tātou ariki i Āwhitū" (TAH 45/1963:20). / He showed it to Puhihuia, saying, "Young woman, that is your weapon, the weapon of your father, which he gave to me as our heirloom to hold onto, and that is your weapon for you as your gift to our high chiefs at Awhitū."
5. (noun) facial gesture in kapa haka.
Ko te whakaheke, koia te momo whakapī e miramira ai te kauae (RMR 2017). / The whakaheke is the type of grimace that highlights the chin.
6. (noun) haka stance.
Ko te whakaheke: Ka toro whakamuri te waewae matau me te paku piko o ngā turi (RMR 2017). / The whakaheke stance: The right leg extends backwards and the knees are slightly bent.
whakaruru
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to afford shelter, shelter, protect.
I te pō o te 10 o Hune 1886, arā, i te pō o te hū, e 62 ngā tāngata i whakaruruhia e Te Paea i tōna whare i Te Wairoa (TTR 1994:25). / On the night of 10 June 1886, that is the night of the eruption, Sophia sheltered 62 people in her house at Te Wairoa.
Synonyms: whakamarumaru, whakaruruhau, rauhī, parahau, araarai, taumaru, whakahau, whakangungu, whakamaru, pare, whakahaumaru, rī, manaaki, tiaki, taumarumaru, whakamauru, maru, piringa, tīhokahoka, whakamaurutanga, tāwharau, ruruhau, pātakitaki, pāruru, tūrutu, pātūtū
2. (modifier) affording shelter, sheltering, protecting.
Ka whakataua e Whitmore me ruru a Te Urewera, kia kore ai e whai wāhi whakaruru, wāhi whakarato taonga, wāhi taritari ope rānei a Te Kooti me ngā mōrehu kaiārahi i te Hauhau (TTR 1990:384). / Whitmore decided that the Urewera would have to be invaded, so that Te Kooti and the surviving Hauhau leaders wouldn't have a sanctuary and a supply of goods or a recruitment area.
Synonyms: whakahaumaru, ruruhau, whakawhare, tīhoka, whakamarumaru, tāwharau
3. (noun) screen, shelter, protector.
Nō te mea ko ia tō rātou whakaruru, ka whakatūpato atu a Te Whatanui kia kaua e haere (TTR 1990:335). / Because he was their protector, Te Whatanui warned them not to go.
Synonyms: parepare, ruruhau, kaiwhakamarumaru, whakamarumaru, whakaruruhau, tītopa, pāhoka, pāhokahoka, pātakitaki, tūrutu, pātūtū, rī, tauārai, mata, pā, ārai, rīanga, takitaki, pākai, pākai riri, araarai, pātū, pekerangi, ārei
4. (noun) facial gesture in kapa haka where the enlarged eyes stare in one direction and the tongue protrudes in the opposite direction.
Ko te whakaruru, koia te tiro korotaha o ngā whatu nunui, me te whātero ki taha kē (RMR 2017). / The whakaruru facial gesture is where the enlarged eyes stare sideways and the tongue protrudes in the opposite side.
tuone
1. (verb) to gesticulate - while making a speech, in defiance on the battle field, etc.
Nā i a ia e tuone ana ka pā mai te mate ki a ia, ka hinga, mate tonu atu (W 1971:455). / While he was gesticulating during his speech he became ill, fell down and died.
Ka mea a Manu-korihi me tū ngā matua e rua o roto o te waha o te pakanga ki te tuone (JPS 1022:19). / Manu-korihi proposed that two divisions should take up a position in the front of the battle and there gesticulate in defiance.
2. (noun) gesture, paralanguage, gesticulation.
Ko te tuone ngā nekeneke a te ringa, a te māhunga, a te tinana hei tohu, hei whakakaha i te tikanga o te kōrero a te kaikōrero, hei whakaatu rānei i tētahi kare ā-roto (RMR 2017). / Gesticulation is the movement of arms, head and body to convey and emphasise the meaning of the speaker's utterance, or to convey an emotion (RMR 2017).
taurakuraku
1. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to scratch one another - an amorous gesture.
Synonyms: taurapirapi
2. (verb) to pour down, dripping wet.
I te mahi taua tangata ki te whakawātea i ētahi o aua paipa, ka pātere mai te ua, ka waipuketia taua ana, ka ngaro taua tangata. / That man was working to clear some of those pipes when the rain poured down, the cave was flooded and the man disappeared.
Synonyms: maringi
3. (verb) to flow readily, be effusive.
Pātere ana ngā kupu a Tohitapu (W 1971:271). / Tohitapu's words flowed readily.
4. (modifier) flowing readily, freely, without restraint.
Kua kōrero haere te Kāwanatanga o Kerei i ngā kōrero pātere noa, tino whakakake rawa; he mea kia kī ai ngā tāngata o te motu he kaiwhakaora rātou nō te rangi i tukua mai hei hutihuti i ngā taru hē katoa, hei kaitiaki hoki i ngā tika mō ngā tāngata katoa, te iti me te rahi (TWMNT 7/12/1878:167). / The Grey Government have gone about freely uttering the most exalted statements, leading people of the country to believe that they were the heaven-sent up-rooters of all abuses, and the guardians of the rights of the humble and the great.
5. (modifier) very, extremely - an intensive used with tini.
He tini pātere ngā reta kua tae mai. Ka pau pea he rā ki te huahuaki noa (HJ 2015:130). / Untold letters have arrived. It'll probably take a day to just open them.
6. (noun) song of derision in response to slander - most are compositions inspired by some derogatory reference, abuse or slander, sneering remark, or belittling statement. They are chanted at a fast tempo accompanied by defiant gestures.
Ko te whakataki o te pātere he rōnaki tonu; ko te nuinga kāore i motumotuhia ki te whiti (M 2005:128). / The tempo of the pātere is an even one; the majority without breaking off into verses.
7. (noun) flowing readily, effusiveness.
I mahara rātou ki te pātere o ngā kupu a taua Minita, i a ia e tāpoi ana i te motu nei, tērā e nui tāna manaaki i a rātou (TWMNT 7/12/1878:167). / From the Minister's flowing promises, when he was travelling around the country, they expected to be received with open arms.
harakuku
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to scrape, scratch, lacerate.
I te Pakanga hoki ia i Kirihi, i Kiriti, ka harakukutia a runga o tōna māhunga e te mōtā (HP 1991:8). / And he was in Greece and Crete where the top of his head had been lacerated by mortar fire.
Synonyms: rarapi, haehae, whakangaeke, hōripiripi, whakahaehae, hahae, hae, hōripi, rapirapi, tiwha, riwha, nanatu, rapi, hārau, honihoni, kauhoro, wharowharo, raku, tuakuku, okoi, rakuraku, weku, hākuku, whawharo, tahitahi, waruwaru, pākēkē, wakuwaku, waku, kaku, kowani, waru, wani, hāro, rakaraka, raraku, tīwani
2. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to scratch (with the finger-nail) - an amorous gesture.
Ka harakuku i te kapu o te ringa o te wahine rā, kātahi tērā ka huri ka pākia atu te kanohi (PK 2008:80). / He scratched the palm of that woman's hand, then she turned round and slapped his face.
3. (modifier) scratching, scrapping, destroying.
Mō te toa taua, ka whakaritea ki te matā harakuku i te kutu (M 2006:124). / For a warrior, who is likened to one intent on destroying vermin.
Synonyms: rapirapitanga, rapirapi, rapi, raraku, haehae
