kaumātua
1. (verb) (-tia) to grow old, grow up.
I te mea kua tino kaumātua rawa atu te Mohi Tūrei rāua ko Tamihana Huata, ka whakaarohia e te Hāhi me penihana rāua (TP 4/1907:4). / Because Mohi Tūrei and Tamihana Huata are very elderly, the church thinks that they should receive pensions.
Kua kaumātuatia a ia, ā, ko tōna kanohi kurehe e kitea atu ana i raro i ōna makawe mā (TWK 35:19). / He had become old and his wrinkled face could be seen under his white hair.
3. (noun) adult, elder, elderly man, elderly woman, old man - a person of status within the whānau.
I kite te kaumātua nei i te whakakaraunatanga o tētahi o āna tama hei kīngi mō Kirihi, ko tētahi he kāwana nō Kiriti (TP 2/1906:4). / This old man saw the crowning of one of his sons as King of Greece, and one son is Governor of Crete.
Synonyms: pou, koroheke, tauheke, koroua, kokoro, tāua, nehe, korokoroua, ruānuku, pēperekōu, koeke
2. (verb) (-tia) to grow up, mature, raise, bring up.
He mōhio ia he pai ake te tau humi hei whakapakeke uri, nō reira ka tatari kia matomato rā anō te tupu o te kai, ā, hei reira tahuri ai ki te whakaipoipo (HM 4/1998:4). / She knows that a year of abundance is better to raise offspring, so she waits until the food is growing vigorously before turning to courtship.
Synonyms: whatutoto, pāhake, pakeke, taipakeke, tūpakeke, pakari, taikaumātua, koeke, whakatupu, mairanga, riaki, whakatū, whakaara, whakaikeike, whakarawe, whakatipu, whāngai, whakatāiri, whakaaranga, kōranga, hāpai, hī, huataki, rangahua, huaranga, araara, whakatiputipu, whakakaurera, riariaki, whakatairangaranga, hiki
3. (noun) hardening, toughening.
Ko tētahi tino hua o te purei moni he whakapakeke i te ngākau o te tangata (TP 8/1907:6). / One of the results of gambling is the hardening of a person's heart.
4. (noun) upbringing.
Nō te kitenga o te Pākehā i te āhua whakapakeke o te tamariki Māori, ka tahuri rātou ki te whakarerekē (Te Ara 2014). / When the Pākehā saw how Māori children were brought up, they set about making changes.
2. (verb) to moult, lose feathers.
Kei taua wā e turuki ai te pārera, ka haere ngā tāngata i runga i ngā waka me ngā kurī, ki te whakangau pārera, i tēnā rā, i tēnā rā, o te wā o te turukitanga (JPS 1895:142). / At the time that the ducks moult, the people proceed in their canoes with their dogs to hunt ducks on each day, so long as the moulting lasts.
Synonyms: whakamāunu
3. (verb) to travel by short stages, move little by little.
Turuki, turuki! Paneke, paneke! (NP 2001:412). / Move, move! Move forward, move forward! (A chant used to move a canoe on skids, or some other heavy object.)
4. (verb) to grow up in addition.
Ka turuki ake ngā huruhuru hou o te manu (W 1971:461). / The bird's new feathers grew.
5. (verb) to be full, crowded.
Kua turuki kē te waka, horekau he nohoanga e wātea ana (PK 2008:1018). / The vehicle is already full and there are no free seats.
6. (verb) to come as a supplement, follow.
Ka haere atu koutou āpōpō, ka turaki atu mātou i muri (W 1971:461). / You will go tomorrow and we will follow afterwards.
7. (noun) sucker (of a tree or plant).
Unuhia katoatia ngā turuki (arā ngā pihi) i ngā rākau (TMT 1/6/1861:15). / Remove all the suckers (that is the shoots) on the plants.
8. (noun) subsidiary, supplement, addition, reinforcement, encore, epilogue - anything supplementary or in support.
Synonyms: tānga
pāhake
1. (verb) to mature, grow up, become adult.
Ia tau, ia tau, ka pāhake haere tōna tinana (TWK 48:4). / Each year its body matured.
Synonyms: whatutoto, whakapakeke, pakeke, taipakeke, tūpakeke, pakari, taikaumātua, koeke
2. (modifier) older, adult.
He maha ngā wāhine pāhake o Ākarana e mōhio ana ki taua wahine (TJ 27/9/1898:5). / Many older women of Auckland know that woman.
3. (modifier) senior.
I te tau 1849 ko Hoani Ropata pāhake, arā matua o tēnei Hoani Ropata, i riro i a ia te tiamupiana o te ao (TJ 11/5/1899:16). / In 1849 John Roberts Senior, that is the father of this John Roberts, gained the world championship title.
4. (noun) adult.
Kotahi pūnu nui o te rongoā mō ngā pāhake i ngā wā e maremare ana (TJ 24/5/1900:8). / One tablespoon of medicine for adults at the times when they are coughing.
5. (noun) elderly person.
I nekehia a Te Whiti rātou ko ngā tamariki me ngā pāhake ki Rātāpihipihi whakaruru ai (TTR 1994:172). / Te Whiti and the children along with the elderly were moved to Rātāpihipihi for safety.
tāpiri
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to add on, supplement, append, join, add.
Ko rātau ētahi o ngā hōia tāpiri atu ki Te Hokowhitu-ā-Tū kua tae kē ki te pae o te pakanga (HP 1991:33). / They were some of the additional troops of the Māori Battalion that had already been to the combat zone.
E whitu, tāpirihia te whā, ka tekau mā tahi (7 + 4 = 11) (TRP 2010:261). / Seven, plus four, equals eleven (7 + 4 = 11).
Synonyms: kuhukuhu, whakauru, pāhekoheko, hiki, tūhoto, uru, whakamoemoe, whakatapoko, haumi, honohono, pūtahi, tūhono, tūhonohono, hono, whakakapiti, porotūtaki, porotūtataki, uhono
2. (modifier) additional, extra, more, supplementary, auxiliary, further, added.
I tōna koroheketanga ka whakamōhoutia e Tiramōrehu tōna kaha ki te kaitaonga whenua tāpiri mō Ngāi Tahu (TTR 1990:351). / In his old age Tiramōrehu renewed his efforts to obtain additional land for Ngāi Tahu.
Synonyms: anō
3. (noun) anything added or appended, assistant, extra.
Me te tāpiri atu o ngā tau 50 e tautokona whānuitia ana e te Māori te mana hirahira nā te tūranga kīngi i hoatu ki a ia (TTR 1996:225). / With the extra support of 50 years of widespread Māori recognition of the special status given to him by his position as king.
4. (noun) vigorous shoot growing up beside the main stem of a plant.
Ka tupu ngā tāpiri o te karaka nei (W 1971:384). / The vigorous shoots of this karaka tree grow.
