2. (noun) mourning wreath (for the head), chaplet - garland of greenery worn by female mourners at a tangihanga.
Kātahi ka whatiwhati i ngā rau o te rākau, he whiro e tupu ana i te taha o te rori, ka hangā hei tauā mō tana māhunga (TWK 27:36). / Then she broke off leaves of a tree, a willow growing beside the road, and made a mourning wreath for her head.
Synonyms: pare kawakawa
kawe mate
1. (noun) mourning ceremony at another marae subsequent to the tangihanga and burial - relatives of the deceased, especially someone of importance, visit as a group the marae of communities. The kawe mate is often at the community's request. A photo is often held by one of the woman at the front of the group to represent the body of the deceased person and is placed on the verandah of the meeting house during the pōhiri.
Ko te haere o te ope nei he kawe mate, he tangi mate i ngā mate o te pakanga - he tangi ki ngā tamariki o Ngāti Porou i hinga ki te pakanga (TKO 31/7/1919:5). / The journey of the party was a kawe mate to weep for the dead of the war - to weep for the children of Ngāti Porou who fell in the war.
See also hari mate
pōuri
1. (verb) to be dark, sad, disheartened, mournful, sorry, remorseful.
Ehara i te hukarere noa iho nei, engari he huka whakapohe rawa i te tangata, pōuri ana te rā ānō he pō (TWMNT 30/7/1873:85). / It wasn't just snow, but snow that completely blinds a person and the day was so dark it was as if it was night.
Synonyms: whakaingoingo, tīkapa, whakahiatangi, taukuri, hinapōuri, rīpenetā, whakakiwakiwa, ruku popoi, tiwhatiwha, manatu, whakaaroha, kiwa, kiwakiwa, pōkē, whakapōuri, matapōuri, āroharoha
3. (adjective) be dark, sad, disheartened, mournful, sorry, remorseful, in the dark, not understanding.
Auau tonu tana tono kia whakamāoritia mai ngā pire me ngā kōrero Pāremata, he pōuri nōna, he kore e mātau nōna ki te whai i ngā whakahaere (TTR 1998:204). / He frequently asked for the bills and Parliamentary discussions to be translated into Māori because he was in the dark in not understanding the proceedings..
4. (modifier) sad, depressing, gloomy, distressing.
He kōrero pukukata tēnei, engari rā he kōrero pōuri rawa (TP 11/1906:1). / This is an hilarious story, but it's also a very sad tale.
5. (noun) darkness, sorrow, sadness, gloom, despondency, desolation, dejection.
Ko te wikitoria kei a koe, ko te mehameha ko te pōuri kei a mātou (TP 3/1907:2). / Yours is the victory, while we are left with loneliness and despondency.
Synonyms: matapōuri, pōuritanga, auhi, whakapōuri, mōteatea, tiwhatiwha, auwhi, matarehu, matapōrehu, hinapōuri
tangi
1. (verb) (-hia) to cry, mourn, weep, weep over.
2. (verb) (-hia) to sing, make a sound.
He manu te kōmako; ka tangi ana i te awatea, ka tangi tētahi i konei, ka tangi tētahi i korā; nā, i te pō ka tangi ko tētahi anake, ka kīia ko tērā te toa (JPS 1956:201). / The bellbird is a bird which, when it sings in the daytime one will sing here another from somewhere else; and, when one sings alone in the night, that is said to be the male bird.
Synonyms: tangitangi, waiata, toiere, kitā, tau, maire, pao, umere, whakakitā, korokī, korihi, puoro
3. (verb) (-hia) to ring (of a bell), chime.
4. (noun) sound, intonation, mourning, grief, sorrow, weeping, lament, salute, wave.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 94-95;)
Ka rongo ngā hōia i roto i te pā i te tangi o te piukara, ka pikipiki ki runga ki ngā tāepa o te pā (TPH 7/7/1905:5). / When the soldiers in the fort heard the sound of the bugle they climbed onto the palisades of the fort.
Synonyms: oha, tangitangi, taurangi, taukuri, waiata tangi, apakura, pihe, rurutu, taurere, mihi, uhunga, matatangitangi, keka, mōteatea, rutu, tūkeka, takuate
5. (noun) pitch (music).
Ko te tangi tētahi o ngā āhuatanga puoro matua, arā, ko te kaha tīkā, te kaha mārū rānei o tētahi oro (RTP 2015:99). / Pitch is one of the main elements of music, namely the degree of highness or lowness of a note (RTP 2015:99).
6. (noun) rites for the dead, funeral - shortened form of tangihanga.
Kei roto i ngā tangi ngā tikanga tuku iho, kāre anō kia rerekē ahakoa te whakaaweawe a te Pākehā (Te Ara 2013). / Traditional practices are maintained in tangi, which have changed little despite Pākehā influence.
See also tangihanga
Synonyms: tangihanga
tangitangi
1. (verb) (-hia) to cry, mourn, weep, make a sound.
Ngā tohu: Te tīmatanga he tangitangi, he pukuriri, he hiamoe; apiti atu ki te ngāhoahoa o te māhunga, te ruaki, te kirikā me te ngaupuku tae atu ki te mate tikotiko (TTT 1/2/1925:187). / The symptoms: Initially they are weepy, angry and sleepy; in addition to having a headache, vomiting, fever and stomach-ache including diarrhoea.
Synonyms: tangi, rohi, muri, rāhiri, taurere, huamo, takuate, tauā
tīkapa
1. (modifier) plaintive, mournful.
Ka mahue pani iho ahau me te iwi i muri nei, kia tangi tīkapa ana i te aotūroa (TPH 1/7/1904:1). / My tribe and I are left behind bereft, crying mournfully in the world of the living.
Synonyms: pōuri, taukuri, whakaingoingo, whakahiatangi
hari mate
1. (noun) mourning ceremony at another marae subsequent to the tangihanga and burial - relatives of the deceased, especially someone of importance, visit as a group the marae of communities. The kawe mate is often at the community's request. A photo is often held by one of the woman at the front of the group to represent the body of the deceased person and is placed on the verandah of the meeting house during the pōhiri.
See also kawe mate
muri
1. (verb) to sigh, grieve, mourn - often in the phrases muri aroha, muri ahiahi, muri awatea and muri a pō, especially in mōteatea.
E muri ahiahi takoto ki te moenga, ē, ko taku kiri māngi te tirohia mai nā, ē (M 2004:196). / With the fall of eventide I lay me down to sleep, it is my distressful state you do now gaze upon (M 2004:197).
Tahuna mai, e Rangi', ki te ahi taraiti, ka muri aroha noa te tōnga o te rā, te rerenga ki te rua (M 2004:184). / Kindle now, O Rangi, a fire near me; before the setting of the sun, which will bring me sad thoughts; when it sinks into the abyss (M 2004:185).
Synonyms: mapu, nguru, whakapāha, hotu, pūhoto, harapuka, taurere, takuate, huamo, tangitangi, tauā, rohi, tangi, rāhiri
2. (noun) breeze.
I rere atu te puke rā i Kuipeka, i te 17, he tā tika i reira, he muri hauāuru, mau tonu taua kōmurimuri i te awa o Hana Ranena, ā, te Koru (TKM 17/6/1852:2). / The ship left Quebec about the 17th with a light favourable wind from the westward, which continued with her down the St Lawrence to the Gulf.
2. (noun) lament, song of grief.
whakahotuhotu
1. (verb) (-tia) to pant, gasp, make a mournful sound.
Kua rongo hoki ahau i te reo, me te mea nō te wahine e whānau ana, he mamae, me te mea ko tana mātāmua e puta ana, ko te reo o te tamāhine a Hiona e whakahotuhotu ana (PT Heremaia 4:31). / For I have heard a voice as of a woman in travail, and the anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child, the voice of the daughter of Zion, that bewaileth herself.
Synonyms: tūngāngā, kuhakuha, mapumapu, mapu, whakaaeaea, taretare, hotu, kahekahe, huatare, kihakiha, ngaingai
wharemate
1. (noun) house of mourning - the wharemate may be a special separate structure to the left of the meeting house, or the place where the body lies in the verandah or inside the meeting house, depending on the traditional practice of the particular marae. Traditionally, if the wharemate was a separate temporary building, it would be erected especially for the particular tangihanga and removed immediately after the body was taken off for the burial. Some marae have a permanent building as a wharemate.
Ka haria ake ana te tūpāpaku ki te marae, ka whakatakotoria ki roto i te wharemate. Ki ētahi iwi, ka hangā anō he wharemate hei wāhi takoto mō te tūpāpaku, ka whakatakotoria rānei ki rō tēneti. Ko tēnei te tikanga ki ngā hapū o Tūhoe. Ko te wharemate ka whakatūria ki te taha mauī o te whare. Ki ētahi atu iwi, ka whakatakotoria te tūpāpaku ki te roro o te whare. Ko tēnei tikanga ki ngā hapū o Te Arawa me ngā hapū o te riu o Waikato. Ko te wāhi takoto o te tūpāpaku ko te taha mauī o te kūaha. Nā, ki ngā iwi o te Taitokerau, ka haria te tūpāpaku ki roto rā anō i te wharenui ki reira takoto ai (RR 1974:20-21). / When the body of the deceased is taken to the marae, it is laid inside the wharemate. In some tribes a separate wharemate is built for the body to lie in, or it is laid out in a tent. This is the custom in the subtribes of Tūhoe. The wharemate is erected on the left side of the house. In some tribes the body is laid out in the verandah of the house. This is the custom in the subtribes of Te Arawa and in the Waikato basin. The place where the body lies is to the left of the door. But, in the tribes of Northland the body is taken right into the meeting house to lie there.
I te wā ko Eruera te tiamana o te komiti o te marae o Kōkōhīnau, ka whakaaro ia ki te hanga i tētahi wharemate kia tau anō ai ki te kawa o mua kia mutu ai te whakatakoto i ngā tūpāpaku ki roto i a Ōruataupare (EM 2002:96). / During the time that Eruera was the chairperson of the Kōkōhīnau marae committee, he decided to build a house of mourning so that the traditional protocol could be reestablished, and so that the bodies would no longer be placed to lie inside Ōruataupare meeting house.
See also whare pōtae, whare tauā
2. (noun) bereaved family and chief mourners.
Ko ngā uri wāhine o te tūpāpaku ka noho tonu i tōna taha, tae noa ki te te wā e ngaro ai. Ko ētahi anō hoki o ngā kuia ka noho anō i roto i te wharemate. Ko ēnei uri ka kīia ko te whānau pani, ko te wharemate rānei...Ko te pouaru me te whānau a te tūpāpaku ka noho i te taha mauī o te tūpāpaku, ko ōna whanaunga ka noho i te taha matau (RR 1974:21). / The female relatives of the deceased remain continuously by her side, right up until the time she departs. Some of the elderly women also sit inside the house of mourning. These relatives are all said to be the 'whānau pani', or the 'wharemate' (bereaved family and chief mourners)...The widow/widower and the family of the deceased sit on the left side of the body, while his/her relatives sit on the right side.
See also kirimate, whare pōtae
pare kawakawa
1. (noun) mourning wreath (for the head), chaplet - garland of greenery worn by women at tangihanga.
2. (verb) (-tia) to admire, esteem, respect, venerate, appreciate.
Synonyms: kauanuanu, maruwehi, whakamiha, whakarangatira, whakaute, ngākau whakaute, kōtua
4. (verb) to be in even file (of a group of travellers).
5. (modifier) welcoming, of welcome.
Ko te iwi nāna te reo rāhiri ko te iwi Hāmi ki te Whenua i Nōwei (HM 4/1996:4). / The people who welcomed us were the Sami people of Norway.
6. (noun) welcome.
Nō muri koe i tae mai ai, me te rāhiri a tō tāua kaumātua, a Porokoru (TWM 19/9/1863:2). / After that you arrived and there was the welcome by our elder, Porokoru.
7. (noun) rope.
Nō tōna ngaromanga ki roto ki ngā wai o te moana, ngaro atu i te tirohanga o te kanohi o te tuakana, ka rere mai te tuakana, tapahia ana te rāhiri, ka motu (MM.TKM 1/2/1855:25). / When he had disappeared into the waters of the sea, and was no longer visible to the eye of his elder brother, the rope was cut by the elder brother.
Synonyms: taura, tāwai, pūrengi, kaha, taukaea, whakaheke, kārure, rino
3. (noun) grief, sorrow, heartache.
Mā te aha i ēnei kupu nei hei mamahutanga ake i te huamo tarariki e ngau kino nei (Kāretu 2010:12). / These words are better than nothing to soothe the bitter grief that gnaws at me.
4. (noun) rising.
Kua tae mai ngā rongo hou i Hāwa e kī ana ko te whakapupuketanga ake o te moana i ērā takiwā, kotahi rau putu te kōkiritanga whakareretanga ake o te huamo, kahakina ana e te moana ngā kaipuke i runga i te mata o te tai, takoto rawa i te tuawhenua, ngā kaipuke e toru māero te mamao atu i te tapātai (KO 15/10/1883:6). / News has arrived from Java saying that the sea has risen one hundred feet in that region, and the force of the rise in the wave has carried ships on the surface of the tide so that they lie right inland three miles away from the coast.
Synonyms: pukenga, panuku, hurunga, whakapupuketanga, huru
kākahu tauā
1. (noun) mourning clothes.
Te kākahu tauā o ngā tāngata o Tonga he whāriki. Ka mate te tangata ka mau ōna whanaunga i te whāriki, ka rāpakitea ki runga ki a rātou (TP 11/1909:8). / The mourning garment of the people of Tonga is a mat. When the person dies his relatives wear the mat, which is wrapped around the waist down to the knees.
taukuri
1. (interjection) oh dear! (exclamation of distress or surprise).
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 106; Te Pihinga Audio Tapes/CDs (Ed. 2): exercise 40;)
Auē taukuri ē, e hika mā! He tino parekura nui tēnā nā aituā kua takoto ki waenganui i a koutou (TPH 9/11/1904:15). / Oh dear, my friends! Those deaths lying amongst you are a major calamity.
2. (verb) to be in mourning.
Nō te ata o te Paraire, 18 o Āperira ka huri, ka pāho te reo, Ē! Ko Arihia Ngata tēnei ka takoto i te moenga roa. Oho ana te mauri, taukuri kau ana (TTT 1/5/1929:991). / On Friday morning, 18 April, the news was broadcast that Arihia Ngata has died. It is a shock and we are in mourning.
3. (modifier) mournful, sad, grief-stricken.
E te iwi, whakaarahia tō tangi taukuri mō te matua ka ngaro (TP 7/1906:9). / People, raise your grief-stricken lament for the parent who has died.
Synonyms: whakaingoingo, tīkapa, whakahiatangi, pōuri, kiwa, kiwakiwa, pōkē, whakapōuri, matapōuri, āroharoha, whakakiwakiwa, ruku popoi, tiwhatiwha, manatu, whakaaroha
2. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to guarantee, assure, promise, pledge.
Ko tō rātou hiahia he noho i tā te Māori nei tūturu tikanga noho; kia kaua rātou e raweketia, ā, ki te whakamahi i ā rātou rawa tuku iho i taurangitia mai rā ki a rātou e te Tiriti o Waitangi (TTR 1994:185). / They wanted to live as Māori without interference, and to make use of their traditional resources as guaranteed to them by the Treaty of Waitangi.
See also kī taurangi
Synonyms: taunaha, takoha, oati, whakataurangi, whakaoati, whakaoatitanga, kī taurangi, kirihipi, kupu taurangi
3. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to grieve for.
4. (verb) to be unsettled, changing, changeable.
Nā tōna kūware mārika anō tana kaihewa nō ēnei tau noa nei i āhua taurangi ai te noho a te Māori, engari nō mai rā anō tērā āhua, nō tērā rautau kē (HM 2/1993:4). / Because of her absolute ignorance she is deluded into thinking that it is only in recent years that Māori have become somewhat unsettled, but that situation is long-standing, from last century.
5. (modifier) grieving, mourning.
Ngā mihi taurangi ki a koe, e Ngata, mō āu tino hanga pai ki tō iwi Māori (JPS 1950:331). / We pay tribute of mourning to you, Ngata, for your many achievements for the Māori people.
6. (noun) promise (often in the phrases kī taurangi and kupu taurangi).
Nāna anō hoki te moni taurangi i tukuna mai ai a Tītokowaru i te whare herehere i te marama o Hūrae 1882 (TTR 1990:45). / He also stood bail for Tītokowaru when he was sent to prison in July 1882.
Synonyms: taunaha, oati, whakataurangi, whakaoati, kī taurangi, kupu taurangi
7. (noun) variable.
Ko te taurangi: Ko tētahi rahinga, tētahi āhuatanga rānei ka rerekē haere, ka taea rānei te whakarerekē (RP 2009:396). / A variable: A quantity or characteristic that changes, or is able to be changed (RP 2009:396).
8. (noun) algebra.
