mauri
1. (noun) life principle, life force, vital essence, special nature, a material symbol of a life principle, source of emotions - the essential quality and vitality of a being or entity. Also used for a physical object, individual, ecosystem or social group in which this essence is located.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 227-228;)
Nā, he mauri tō ngā pakake, he mauri tō ngā tāngata, he mauri tō ngā tuna, he mauri tō ngā manu, he mauri tō ngā ika, nā reira i mate ai ēnei mea katoa i te mākutu; ki te mākututia e te Māori ēnei mea, ka mate, ngaro tonu atu; ahakoa nui ēnei mea, ki te mākututia ka ngaro (BFM 2013:248-249). / Now, whales have a mauri, people have a mauri, eels have a mauri, birds have a mauri, fish have a mauri, therefore everything can be destroyed by mākutu; if the Māori bewitches these things, they will be destroyed and disappear, no matter how big these things are, if a spell is cast upon them they will disappear.
Takoto mai, e koro, kia tangihia koe e ō iwi. Auē! Ka mau te punga here o te waka nei. Ka ngaro koe, te kaihautū, te kākākura o roto i te pōkai, te puhi o Aotearoa, te kura whakahirahira o Te Waipounamu, te mauri o te whenua, te mauri o te tangata, haere! Haere rā! (TP 7/1906:9) / Lie in state, sir, to be wept over by your people. Oh, dear! The anchor of this canoe is taken. You are gone, the fugleman, the leader of the flock, the adored one of the North Island, the important treasure of the South Island, the life force of the land and the people. Depart! Farewell!
See also pā whakawairua
motuhake
1. (verb) (-tia) to separate, set aside, position independently, be stand-alone.
Tokorima ngā rīkona Māori kua whakapiritia, tokorua anō ngā tāngata o te Kāreti o Te Rau Kahikatea kua motuhaketia hei rīkona. Kotahi te minita i whakatūria ki Taupō, kotahi hoki ki a Tūhoe (TP 4/1911:2). / Five Māori deacons have been attached, and two people of the Te Rau Theological College have been given independent positions as deacons. One is the minister appointed to Taupō and the other to Tūhoe.
Synonyms: tārewa, taunaha, tahi, whakatārewa, tāpui, tīkape, tauira, tauārai, tohi, toritori, momotu, motu, wae, wehewehe, wehe, whakatāuke, whakawehewehe, tiriwā, īheuheu, tīwae, nahenahe, heu, ihi, tuakoi, wawae, whakawehe, kōwai, whakapirara, tāuke, tāwae, tāwaewae, totohi, tūtahi, tūhāhā, kōwaewae, kōwae, tokorau, māhiti, roherohe, tauwehe
2. (modifier) separated, special, distinct, independent, unattached.
E rua ngā kōti tēnehi, me tētahi wāhi purei hōkī, otirā he wāhi motuhake mō ngā tini tākaro a ngā tamariki (TTT 1/12/1930:2201). / There were two tennis courts and a place to play hockey, indeed a special place for the many children's games.
matakite
1. (verb) (-a) to see into the future, prophesy, prophesies, foresee, foretell.
I whakakotahitia te tangata me tāna i matakite ai, ka whai wāhi rawa ia ki roto ki ngā tikanga me ngā mātauranga o te iwi (TTR 1994:135). / The man and the vision were united, and he became part of the traditions and knowledge of the people.
Synonyms: poropiti, whakaporopiti
2. (modifier) prophetic, visionary, predictive, prophetical.
He uri hikahika matua mai i a Te Kēmara, te tohunga matakite, tangata ruānuku nei o Ngā Puhi (TTR 2000:70). / A direct descendant of Te Kēmara, the seer and wise old man of Ngā Puhi.
Synonyms: whakaporopiti, poropiti
3. (noun) prophecy, prophet, seer, clairvoyant, special intuition.
Kāore rawa hoki tētahi tohu kotahi nei i kitea e ngā matakite Māori, Pākehā rānei, kua tata te mutu o te pakanga (TKO 30/4/1919:7). / And not a single sign was revealed by the Māori or Pākehā forecasters that the war was about end.
Synonyms: poropititanga, poropiti, whakatakotoranga, matatuhi
mouri
1. (noun) life principle, vital essence, special nature, a material symbol of a life principle, source of emotions - the essential quality and vitality of a being or entity. Also used for a physical object, individual, ecosystem or social group in which this essence is located.
Ka mutu tēnei whiti, ka tīmata tēnei i te whakaaranga i te mouri (TWMNT 21/2/1872:49) / When this verse ended, he began the awakening of the mauri.
See also mauri
ata mariko
1. (noun) special effect.
He ataata waihanga ngā ata mariko ka whakaurua ki roto i tētahi kiriata hei whakaatu i tētahi āhuatanga, ānō nei he tūturu. Hei tauira, ko te ekenga a Pai ki runga i te tohorā i roto i te kiriata Te Kaieke Tohorā (RMR 2017). / Special effects are visuals which are crafted and put into a film or video to show something as if it is real. For example, when Pai rides on the whale in the film 'Whale Rider' (RMR 2017).
Reeves, Paul Alfred
1. (personal name) ONZ, GCMG, GCVO, CF, QSO (1932-2011 ) Puketapu and Te Ātiawa; educated at Victoria University of Wellington and Oxford University. Bishop of Waiapu, Bishop of Auckland and Archbishop and Primate of Aotearoa/New Zealand (1980-1985). First Māori Governor-General of Aotearoa/New Zealand (1985-1990) and since then he was the Anglican Observer at the United Nations, elections observer in South Africa and Ghana and chair of the Fiji Constitution Review Commission, Commonwealth Secretary General's Special Envoy to Guyana. From 2005 until his death he was the Chancellor of the Auckland University of Technology.
tīenga
1. (noun) sleeping mat - an ornately patterned mat woven of kiekie used for special ceremonial occasions such as birthing, marriage and before men went to battle.
Ka oti te whatuwhatu a te tamaiti, ka kawe ki tōna tipuna, ka tae atu. Ko te karakia tēnei: Tāngaengae ki te whatu kahu, tāngaengae ki te raranga tienga (TPH 27/2/1905:4). / When the child completed the weaving, she took it to her grandfather. This was the ritual chant: Bless the woven garment, bless the plaited sleeping mat.
2. (modifier) threes, threefold.
Ki te kaha tētahi i a ia kotahi nei, ka māia te tokorua ki a ia; e kore hoki te aho takitoru e motu wawe (PT Te Kaikauwhau 4:12). / And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.
3. (noun) threesome, group of three, trio.
Te haerenga o te tokotoru nei, ā, ka tae ki te kāinga i reira tō rātou whaea, a Hine-moana (NIT 1995:193). / The three of them departed and came to the home where their aunt, Hine-moana, was.
4. (noun) knucklebones move.
Ko te ‘takitoru’: Ka whiua te hai, ka kapohia ētahi kōhatu e toru, me te hopu anō i te hai (RMR 2017). / The takitoru move: When the main stone is thrown up, three of the other stones are grabbed, and the main stone is caught.
5. (noun) tukutuku pattern used on crossbeams and tukutuku panels of meeting houses where single stitches across the panel are in groups of three at alternate angles. It represents communication, identification and special personal relationships.
tapu
1. (stative) be sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection - see definition 4 for further explanations.
I taua wā ko Te Riri anake te tangata o Ngāti Hine e kaha ana ki te noho i aua whenua. Ko te mea hoki e tapu katoa ana te whaitua nei, pokapoka katoa ana ngā hiwi i ngā rua tūpāpaku (TTR 1998:82). / At that time Te Riri was the only person of Ngāti Hine who wanted to live on the property, because the area was tapu and the surrounding hills were riddled with burial caves.
Synonyms: whakaihi, rohe, kura, whakatapu, puaroa, taparere, apiapi, rāhui, kōpiri, ārikarika
2. (modifier) sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection - see definition 4 for further explanations.
Kei te maumahara tonu ngā uri o Te Whiti ki te tūruapō, arā, te maunga tapu kei te tonga, kei tōna ātārangi he rākau, e pae rua ake ana i tōna peka ngā manu mōhio a Mumuhau rāua ko Takeretō (TTR 1994:172). / It is remembered by Te Whiti's descendants, namely that there is a sacred mountain to the south and in its shadow there is a tree with a branch and on this branch are two birds of knowledge, Mumuhau and Takaretō.
3. (modifier) holy - an adaptation of the original meaning for the Christian concept of holiness and sanctity.
Otiia hei minita anō rātou i roto i tōku wāhi tapu, hei tiaki i ngā kūwaha o te whare, hei minita ki te whare (PT Ehekiera 44:11). / Yet they shall be ministers in my sanctuary, having charge at the gates of the house, and ministering to the house.
4. (noun) restriction, prohibition - a supernatural condition. A person, place or thing is dedicated to an atua and is thus removed from the sphere of the profane and put into the sphere of the sacred. It is untouchable, no longer to be put to common use. The violation of tapu would result in retribution, sometimes including the death of the violator and others involved directly or indirectly. Appropriate karakia and ceremonies could mitigate these effects. Tapu was used as a way to control how people behaved towards each other and the environment, placing restrictions upon society to ensure that society flourished. Making an object tapu was achieved through rangatira or tohunga acting as channels for the atua in applying the tapu. Members of a community would not violate the tapu for fear of sickness or catastrophe as a result of the anger of the atua. Intrinsic, or primary, tapu are those things which are tapu in themselves. The extensions of tapu are the restrictions resulting from contact with something that is intrinsically tapu. This can be removed with water, or food and karakia. A person is imbued with mana and tapu by reason of his or her birth. High-ranking families whose genealogy could be traced through the senior line from the atua were thought to be under their special care. It was a priority for those of ariki descent to maintain mana and tapu and to keep the strength of the mana and tapu associated with the atua as pure as possible. People are tapu and it is each person's responsibility to preserve their own tapu and respect the tapu of others and of places. Under certain situations people become more tapu, including women giving birth, warriors travelling to battle, men carving (and their materials) and people when they die. Because resources from the environment originate from one of the atua, they need to be appeased with karakia before and after harvesting. When tapu is removed, things become noa, the process being called whakanoa. Interestingly, tapu can be used as a noun or verb and as a noun is sometimes used in the plural. Noa, on the other hand, can not be used as a noun.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 237-240; Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 6;)
Kāore he kai maoa o runga i tēnei waka, i a Tākitimu, nā te tapu. He kai mata anake (HP 1991:9). / There was no cooked food on this canoe, on Tākitimu, because it was tapu. There was only raw food.
Ko tēnei i muri nei he karakia whakahorohoro i ngā tapu o ngā tāngata (TWMNT 3/4/1872:58). / The following is a ritual chant to remove the tapu of people.
See also rāhui
Synonyms: poropeihana, apiapi, aukatinga, here, kōpiri, rāhui
2. (verb) (-tia) to name a child using special ritual karakia called tūā, baptise.
Whānau mai ana a Kepa ka tūātia hei Ringatū (TTR 1998:34). / When Kepa was born he was baptised into the Ringatū faith.
Synonyms: iriiri, whakaingoa, tapanga
3. (noun) ritual chants for protection including to facilitate childbirth, in the naming of infants, to ward off illness, catch birds and bring about fine weather.
He karakia anō mō Tāwhirimātea, he tūā mō te rangi (NM 1928:5) / There were ritual chants for Tāwhiri-mātea and ritual chants for the weather.
wharemate
1. (noun) house of mourning - the wharemate may be a special separate structure to the left of the meeting house, or the place where the body lies in the verandah or inside the meeting house, depending on the traditional practice of the particular marae. Traditionally, if the wharemate was a separate temporary building, it would be erected especially for the particular tangihanga and removed immediately after the body was taken off for the burial. Some marae have a permanent building as a wharemate.
Ka haria ake ana te tūpāpaku ki te marae, ka whakatakotoria ki roto i te wharemate. Ki ētahi iwi, ka hangā anō he wharemate hei wāhi takoto mō te tūpāpaku, ka whakatakotoria rānei ki rō tēneti. Ko tēnei te tikanga ki ngā hapū o Tūhoe. Ko te wharemate ka whakatūria ki te taha mauī o te whare. Ki ētahi atu iwi, ka whakatakotoria te tūpāpaku ki te roro o te whare. Ko tēnei tikanga ki ngā hapū o Te Arawa me ngā hapū o te riu o Waikato. Ko te wāhi takoto o te tūpāpaku ko te taha mauī o te kūaha. Nā, ki ngā iwi o te Taitokerau, ka haria te tūpāpaku ki roto rā anō i te wharenui ki reira takoto ai (RR 1974:20-21). / When the body of the deceased is taken to the marae, it is laid inside the wharemate. In some tribes a separate wharemate is built for the body to lie in, or it is laid out in a tent. This is the custom in the subtribes of Tūhoe. The wharemate is erected on the left side of the house. In some tribes the body is laid out in the verandah of the house. This is the custom in the subtribes of Te Arawa and in the Waikato basin. The place where the body lies is to the left of the door. But, in the tribes of Northland the body is taken right into the meeting house to lie there.
I te wā ko Eruera te tiamana o te komiti o te marae o Kōkōhīnau, ka whakaaro ia ki te hanga i tētahi wharemate kia tau anō ai ki te kawa o mua kia mutu ai te whakatakoto i ngā tūpāpaku ki roto i a Ōruataupare (EM 2002:96). / During the time that Eruera was the chairperson of the Kōkōhīnau marae committee, he decided to build a house of mourning so that the traditional protocol could be reestablished, and so that the bodies would no longer be placed to lie inside Ōruataupare meeting house.
See also whare pōtae, whare tauā
2. (noun) bereaved family and chief mourners.
Ko ngā uri wāhine o te tūpāpaku ka noho tonu i tōna taha, tae noa ki te te wā e ngaro ai. Ko ētahi anō hoki o ngā kuia ka noho anō i roto i te wharemate. Ko ēnei uri ka kīia ko te whānau pani, ko te wharemate rānei...Ko te pouaru me te whānau a te tūpāpaku ka noho i te taha mauī o te tūpāpaku, ko ōna whanaunga ka noho i te taha matau (RR 1974:21). / The female relatives of the deceased remain continuously by her side, right up until the time she departs. Some of the elderly women also sit inside the house of mourning. These relatives are all said to be the 'whānau pani', or the 'wharemate' (bereaved family and chief mourners)...The widow/widower and the family of the deceased sit on the left side of the body, while his/her relatives sit on the right side.
See also kirimate, whare pōtae
Aho Matua
1. The philosophical base for Kura Kaupapa Māori education for the teaching and learning of children. Te Aho Matua is presented in six parts, each part having a special focus on what, from a Māori point of view, is crucial in the education of children: 1. Te ira tangata – the physical and spiritual endowment of children and the importance of nurturing both in their education; 2. Te reo – principles by which this bilingual competence will be achieved; 3. Ngā iwi – principles important in the socialisation of children; 4. Te ao – those aspects of the world that impact on the learning of children; 5. Āhuatanga ako – the principles of teaching practice that are of vital importance in the education of children; 6. Te tino uaratanga – the characteristics aiming to be developed in children.
whenua rāhui
1. (noun) reserve, reserve land - land set aside for a special purpose.
Tata ki te katoa o ngā taitara mō ngā whenua rāhui nei i te herea ki ngā rīhi mutunga kore, utunga paku (Te Ara 2014). / Nearly all of the titles for these reserve lands are tied to low-yielding leases in perpetuity.
Synonyms: toe, wehe, whakakawhena, whakatapu, haumi, porowhita, rāhui, tāpui, tūrāhui, whakaputunga
