kupi
1. (verb) to shut (the eyes), screw up (the eyes) - shut them so hard that the skin wrinkles up around them.
Ka noho rāua, noho mataku i tō rāua mōhio āe, kua mate rāua i te wheke nei. Ka kupi ō rāua kanohi. I te roanga haere, ka wāta oho ō rāua kanohi (TWK 17:26). / The two of them sat there in fear because they knew that for sure, they would be killed by the octopus. They screwed up their eyes. After a long time they slowly opened their eyes.
2. (stative) to cover.
Kupi tonu te rangi i te pōkēao. Kua pōuri kē (TWK 18). / The sky was completely covered with dark clouds. It was already dark.
whētētē
1. (verb) to stare wildly, stare intently, stick out, bulge (of the eyes).
Ko te tino hāngaitanga o tēnā ingoa turuhunga, he mōmona nō te ekenga o te manu ki runga ki taua rākau, kua tūrūruhi, kāore e kanae ngā kanohi, kāore e whētētē (W 1971:461). / That name 'turuhunga' for a tree is really relevant when a bird is fat and it lands on the tree, it is sluggish and the eyes will not be staring wildly, they're not wide open and alert.
whatu
1. (noun) eye, pupil of the eye, anchor, kernel (of fruit).
Ina rā, te pūhutihuti me te mā o ngā makawe, te kikorangi o ngā whatu, te tāroaroa o te hanga, te paipa i te waha, he pāhau te kanohi, me tana kāmeta mau haere tonu e pūhia ana e te hau kaha o Pōneke (TTR 1996:188). / Tall, bearded, with a shock of white hair and blue eyes, pipe in mouth, ever-present scarf flicking about in Wellington's stiffer breezes, he was instantly recognisable (DNZB 1996:493).
Synonyms: kau o te kanohi
2. (noun) hailstone, hail.
Nō te 10 o ngā rā o te marama nei i te rua o ngā hāora o te awatea, ka ua tētahi ua, 10 meneti i ua ai. Kātahi ka rere he whatu (he nganga ki ētahi reo) (TKO 1/11/1917:9). / On the 10th of this month at 2 pm, it rained for 10 minutes. Then some hail fell.
3. (noun) initiation stone - a stone swallowed by the pupil (tauira) during his initiation as a tohunga.
Ko te whatu he kōhatu, ko te kōhatu, arā ko te hira o te hua rākau, o te karaka, etc. Ko te whatu e whāngaitia ana ki te tauira ako i te mahi tohunga; ka waiho hei ingoa mō te tauira (M 2006:198). / The 'whatu' is a stone and 'kōhatu' is the used for the abundance of fruit, of the karaka tree, etc. A stone (whatu) was fed to the scholar in priestly activities; and as a result it was used as a name for the scholar.
4. (noun) stone.
Ko te whatu i te pou tuarongo te wāhi tapu, ko te Kura a Tangaroa, he kōwhatu āhua pūwhero nei, he kōwhatu nō te kei o 'Kurahaupō' (JPS 1925:307). / The stone deposited at the rear post of the house marked the tapu spot and it was the Kura a Tangaroa. It was a reddish stone, being a stone belonging to the stern of 'Kurahaupō'.
5. (noun) rāhui stone - a stone invested by the tohunga with powers for rendering a rāhui effective. Karakia are recited and the whatu is hidden away from the pou rāhui.
pitore
1. (verb) to make an insulting gesture by exposing the female private parts.
Ka pitore atu te kuia ki te tangata whakahīhī. / The elderly woman made an insulting gesture to the arrogant man by exposing her genitals.
Ka pitore atu au i taku tou ki te tangata (W 1971:285). / I showed my posterior to the man.
2. (verb) to pull down the lower eyelid to expose the whites of the eye - as a gesture of cheekiness or as an insult.
I whakatoihia te wahine e te tamaiti, me te pitore o te karu. / The child was cheeky to the woman and pulled down his lower eyelid.
pī
1. (verb) (-hia,-ia) to slight, take no notice of, ignore, disregard, pay no attention to.
Kia puta noa te rongo kua patua he ihorei, kua whakamaniorotia, kua pīhia rānei tētahi taha e tētahi, ka kaha kē atu te tutū o te puehu (TTR 1990:297). / Whenever a major chief was killed or insults made or one side was slighted by the other, fighting intensified.
Synonyms: whakaturi, whātuturi, whakatuturi, whakangongo
2. (noun) corner of the eye or mouth, eye.
He toretore kei te pī o te karu (PK 2008:630). / There's inflammation at the corner of the eye.
Ahakoa e kōrero ana taua koroua, e aha ana rānei, he hikareti kei te pī o te waha, he mea nāna tonu i pōkai (HJ 2012:262). / Whether that elderly man is talking, or whatever, there is a cigarette in the corner of his mouth, one that he has rolled himself.
whakaruru
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to afford shelter, shelter, protect.
I te pō o te 10 o Hune 1886, arā, i te pō o te hū, e 62 ngā tāngata i whakaruruhia e Te Paea i tōna whare i Te Wairoa (TTR 1994:25). / On the night of 10 June 1886, that is the night of the eruption, Sophia sheltered 62 people in her house at Te Wairoa.
Synonyms: whakamarumaru, whakaruruhau, rauhī, parahau, araarai, taumaru, whakahau, whakangungu, whakamaru, pare, whakahaumaru, rī, manaaki, tiaki, taumarumaru, whakamauru, maru, piringa, tīhokahoka, whakamaurutanga, tāwharau, ruruhau, pātakitaki, pāruru, tūrutu, pātūtū
2. (modifier) affording shelter, sheltering, protecting.
Ka whakataua e Whitmore me ruru a Te Urewera, kia kore ai e whai wāhi whakaruru, wāhi whakarato taonga, wāhi taritari ope rānei a Te Kooti me ngā mōrehu kaiārahi i te Hauhau (TTR 1990:384). / Whitmore decided that the Urewera would have to be invaded, so that Te Kooti and the surviving Hauhau leaders wouldn't have a sanctuary and a supply of goods or a recruitment area.
Synonyms: whakahaumaru, ruruhau, whakawhare, tīhoka, whakamarumaru, tāwharau
3. (noun) screen, shelter, protector.
Nō te mea ko ia tō rātou whakaruru, ka whakatūpato atu a Te Whatanui kia kaua e haere (TTR 1990:335). / Because he was their protector, Te Whatanui warned them not to go.
Synonyms: parepare, ruruhau, kaiwhakamarumaru, whakamarumaru, whakaruruhau, tītopa, pāhoka, pāhokahoka, pātakitaki, tūrutu, pātūtū, rī, tauārai, mata, pā, ārai, rīanga, takitaki, pākai, pākai riri, araarai, pātū, pekerangi, ārei
4. (noun) facial gesture in kapa haka where the enlarged eyes stare in one direction and the tongue protrudes in the opposite direction.
Ko te whakaruru, koia te tiro korotaha o ngā whatu nunui, me te whātero ki taha kē (RMR 2017). / The whakaruru facial gesture is where the enlarged eyes stare sideways and the tongue protrudes in the opposite side.
karepa
1. (verb) to squint, look out the corner of the eye.
I whānau mate mai te kanohi matau o Matiu, ā, nō reira tōna āhua tino mōhio, e karepa e hihiwa ana te whakaaro (TTR 2000:207). / Matt was born with a defect in his right eye, with the result that his appearance was of a highly intelligent person, squinting in alert concentration.
2. (modifier) closing eyes, through narrowing eyes, squinting.
Titiro kōnewhanewha atu ngā kanohi, ka kite i te poti kua tae mai ki a ia (THM 1/4/1888:4). / He looked through closing eyes and saw the boat coming towards him.
ngangahu
1. (verb) to make a shrill high-pitched noise (in a haka or wero), dilate the eyes and perform exciting movements to inspire the performance group.
Ka takoto tana rākau, ka hoki whakamuri, ka tīmata ki te ngangahu, me te whiu tika i tana taiaha, me te hūpekepeke a ōna waewae (HP 1991:84). / His challenge stick lay there and he moved backwards and began to make high pitched yelps, to wield his taiaha and to jump up and down with bent legs.
See also manu ngangahu
2. (verb) to be sharply cut.
Ka titiro atu ngā tāngata ki te whakaairo o taua waka rā, anana, ngangahu kau ana te whakairo (W 1971:226). / When the people looked at the carving of that canoe, behold, it was sharply cut.
3. (verb) to be focussed, clear, in focus, clearly seen.
Ko te hua o te puare nui (waepuare iti), ka ngangahu ake ngā wāhanga katoa o te whakaahua (RTA 2014:80). / The effect of a large aperture (small f-stop number) is that all parts of the photograph are in focus.
4. (verb) to be distorted.
Ka kōrero ia, ehara, ngangahu kē ana te whakahuatanga mai o ngā kupu (NM 1928:35). / When he spoke, lo and behold, the pronunciation of the words was distorted.
5. (noun) prominence.
Ko te tūmanako mā ēnei kōrero e tīmata ngā whakatū, ngā ngangahu o te reo Māori i roto o ngā tau (TWK 14:18). / The desire is that by these accounts the Māori language will begin to have standing and prominence in the years ahead.
Synonyms: whakahirahira, hau, ahurei
pōtētē
1. (verb) to close the eyes - when performing haka and waiata. Often followed immediately by pūkana.
Ko te pōtētē he āhua rite anō ki te pūkana, engari ko te mea nui kē o tēnei mahi he whakatautau, arā, ka whati ngā turi, ka moe ngā kanohi (Wh4 2004:59). / The pōtētē is a little like the pūkana, but the main thing about this activity is to whakatautau, that is, the knees bend and the eyes shut.
2. (verb) to roll the eyes.
Arā anō te reo o te kanohi, tae atu ki te kori o te tinana. Tērā pea kua titiro pī, kua tīkoro rānei ngā whatu, kua puku rānei te rae, kua hī ngā pewa, kua menemene rānei ngā pāpāringa (HKK 1999:7). / Then there's facial expressions and body movements. Perhaps looking askance, rolling the eyes, or looking angry, raising the eyebrows, or smiling.
Kua tīkoro ngā whatu, me te kī ake, "Hoki atu, hoki atu, ko aua raruraru anō rā." (HJ 2012:269). / The eyes are rolling and she's saying, "I'm sick of hearing about those problems."
3. (noun) convulsions.
kau o te kanohi
1. (noun) pupil of the eye.
Kia pōuri haere, ka rahi haere te kau o te kanohi (PK 2008:232). / When it gets dark the pupil of the eye enlarges.
Synonyms: whatu
2. (verb) to be chipped, scarred, scratched, defaced.
Kua tiwha te peita o taku waka i te ara kirikiri (HJ 2012:204). / The paint on my car has been chipped from the gravel road.
Synonyms: riwhariwha, riwha
3. (verb) (-ia) to appeal for assistance in war - sometimes by a hint in a song.
Ka tono a Te Rangimōwaho ki a Ngāti Koura, i runga i te kaupapa kia pūtahi rātau ki te pakanga ki te hoariri. He mea tiwha e ia (TTR 1990:237). / Te Rangimowaho made his request to Ngāti Koura that they join in the war against the enemy. He did this by an appeal for assistance in war.
4. (adjective) be black.
He kūao tāriona, kotahi tau, he O te parani i te kūhā mauī, he tiwha te rae (TW 1/8/1875:133). / A young stallion, one year old with the brand O on the left thigh and the forehead is black.
5. (noun) patch, spot, bald patch.
He whero pūmangu, he tiwha nui kai te rae, he mā kai te matamata o te ihu, e toru waewae mā, he raho-poka, he hōiho āhua nui, he parani rānei kai te papa katau, he mate rānei, kīhai i mārama (TW 14/12/1878:631). / It has a blackish rump, a large patch on the forehead, the tip of the nose is white, it has three white legs and is a gelding. It's quite a large horse and has a brand on the right flank but the problem is that it isn't clear.
Ka herua e ia ana makawe kia kore ai e kitea tana tiwha. / He combed his hair so that his bald patch couldn't be seen.
Synonyms: hewa, korotiwha, tapi, tapitapi, pūreireitanga, āpure, pāpaki, pūrei, kōpure
6. (noun) scar (of a landslip, etc.).
Ka whakatōkia he whiro ki te tiwha, kia kore ai e horo anō (PK 2008:948). / A willow tree was planted on the scar of the landslip, so that it wouldn't slip again.
7. (noun) scratch.
8. (noun) appeal for assistance in war - sometimes by a hint in a song.
Kua mōhio a Te Maitaranui he tiwha taua waiata (W 1971:427). / Te Maitaranui had known that that song was an appeal for assistance in war.
9. (noun) iris (of the eye).
Ko te tiwha he paparanga e uhi ana i te arotahi o te karu hei whakaiti, hei whakanui rānei i te aho e uru atu ana ki te karu (RP 2009:245). / The iris is a layer covering the lens of the eye to reduce or increase the amount of light entering the eye.
2. (modifier) glazed (of the eyes).
pūkana
1. (verb) to stare wildly, dilate the eyes - done by both genders when performing haka and waiata to emphasise particular words and to add excitement to the performance.
Ka mea atu te mōkai rā, ‘He hahaka nōu, he ruhi nōu i te pūkanatanga.' (TAH 9/1963:24). / The slave said, ‘You have tired yourself doing the haka and the pūkana.'
2. (modifier) performing the pūkana.
I ngā mahi waiata pātere me ngā mahi pūkana, kāore he mea hei rite ki taua wahine (NIT 1995:315). / For singing pātere and performing the pūkana, there was nobody who could equal that woman.
3. (noun) dilating of the eyes.
Mate noa ake rātou ki te pai o te pūkana o te tamāhine nei (TWK 2:24). / They were quite smitten by the beauty of this girl's pūkana.
karupango
1. (noun) pupil (of the eye).
Ānō he pounamu kei ngā karupango e titiwha ana (NM 1928:134). / It was as if there was greenstone gleaming in the pupils of the eyes.
Synonyms: whatupango
2. (noun) veil, shade for the eyes.
Ki te titiro te tangata ki tētahi o aua kuīni i te wā kua mahue tōna kōpare, ka poroa tōna kakī (TWMNT 19/5/1874:123). / If a person saw one of those queens at a time when she was without her veil, he would be beheaded.
3. (noun) present of food, gift, contribution - taken to a marae or to friends.
Kawea ngā kai hei kōpare mō tātau ki te tangihanga (JPS 1927:373). / Take food as a contribution for us at the funeral.
Synonyms: kaihaukai
