nanao
1. (verb) (naomia,naomanga) to take hold of, feel with the hand, handle, grasp, grab, snatch, gather together.
Nō te taenga ki Ōrongorongo, ka huri atu ki te whakamāmā i te pīkaunga a Te Wera o Ngāti Mutunga, te kaimataara i a ia; ā, nanao kē atu ki tana pātītī, ka patua a Te Wera (TTR 1990:223). / On arriving at Ōrongorongo Te Korou set about lightening the load of Te Wera of Ngāti Mutunga, the person who was watching him; and he grabbed his long-handled tomahawk, and killed Te Wera.
See also naomanga
2. (noun) taking hold of, grasping, grabbing.
E rua ngā mahinga tītī: ko te nanao ki te pī i te rua; ko te rama pī ka puea i ō rātou rua (Te Ara 2011). / There are two stages in harvesting muttonbirds (sooty shearwaters): nanao, when chicks are extracted from their burrows; and rama, when the chicks are caught by torchlight when they come out of their burrows.
nao
1. (verb) (-mia) to handle, feel with the hand, lay hold of, grab.
Ka naomia mai e aku tuākana rangatira e Te Hati rāua ko Te Ngārara Houkāmau, e tō mātau pāpā hoki, e Hōri Mahue 'hei piki kōtuku ki ō rātau māhunga, hei māpihi maurea ki ō rātau taringa' (TTT 1/5/1926:401). / My senior chiefs, Te Hati and Te Ngārara Houkāmau, and our uncle, George Mahue, grabbed her 'as a plume for their heads and as a treasure for their ears'.
See also naomanga
2. (noun) rauhuia, Linum monogynum - an endemic coastal shrub which grows into a soft bush up to 50 cm, with attractive small grey leaves and flaring white flowers produced in spring and summer.
See also rauhuia
Synonyms: rauhuia, kaho, matamatahuia
2. (verb) to settle down, remain, take root.
Tō hē, e te kara nei, ki te rarau iho koe ki te whenua (TWMNT 11/9/1872:111). / Your mistake, o flag, will be if you take root in this land.
3. (modifier) in captivity.
Kei te noho rarau rāua e noho nei (W 1971:328). / Those two who are living here are living in captivity.
4. (noun) root.
Ko te rerekē o te kūmara i te uwhi, ka tipu te kūmara i te roanga o te tau, ka taea hoki te whakatō i te rarau pihipihi, kāpā ko te kōpura (Te Ara 2013). / Unlike yams, kūmara could be grown year-round, and rooted cuttings could be planted instead of tubers.
naomanga
1. (noun) act of grabbing, taking hold of.
Te naomanga atu o te tama mātāmua ki te paihere rākau, whakauaua noa, ko tōna tangata mārōrō taua korokē, whakauaua noa, tē whati (TMT 15/4/1861:14). / The eldest son grabbed the bundle of sticks and tried strenuously again and again - that fellow was very strong - but be could not succeed in breaking them.
apo
1. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ngia,-tia) to gather together.
Mai i te tīmatanga o te tekau tau mai i 1820, ka ngana a Tāraia rātou ko tana iwi ki te apo pū, hei ārai atu i ngā takatakahanga mai a Ngā Puhi (TTR 1990:154). / From the early 1820s Taraia and his people were eager to arm themselves with guns to protect themselves from being trampled on by Ngā Puhi.
See also tauapo
2. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ngia,-tia) to grasp greedily, grab, appropriate, acquire greedily.
Ka whakatakotoria te aukati kia kaua e uru mai ngā Pākehā me ā rātou haumi o Te Arawa ki te apo whenua (TTR 1990:198). / The boundary was set so that the Pākehā and their Te Arawa allies could not enter to grab land.
3. (modifier) greedy, avaricious, grasping, acquisitive, covetous.
Nā te kōti whenua ka puhake ngā kino katoa: te kōrero parau, te tāhae, te hae, te whakamauāhara, te whanokē, te aroha-kore, te ngākau apo (TTT 1/8/1925:278). / Because of the land court all the evils became apparent: telling lies, stealing, envy, hatred, erratic behaviour, lack of compassion and greed.
4. (noun) greed, avarice.
Kāore i roa te whakaratanga ka parea ake e te Pākehā ki rahaki, kua apohia anō he whenua. Ka waiho tonu hei mahi, te apo whenua (TTR 1990:354). / It wasn't long after compromise was reached when it was pushed aside by the Pākehā, and land was again being grabbed. Greed for land continued to be the occupation.
aurara
1. (verb) to turn, be diverted.
Ka mea a Manu-korihi me tū ngā matua e rua o roto o te waha o te pakanga ki te tuone, kia āhua mātaratara te tū a te tangata, kia urupuia ai te tū a te matua, kia whāngaia ngā whatu me ngā mahara o te ope taua, kāore e aurara te whatu ki wāhi kē ake, me ngā mahara, ara ake anō he matua ohotata kei wāhi kē ake e takoto ana (JPS 1022:19). / Manu-korihi proposed that two divisions should take up a position in the front of the battle and there gesticulate in defiance, the position of the individuals should be spaced a little apart, but the two divisions should be close together, so that both the eyes and thoughts of the enemy war party would be fixed on them and not diverted elsewhere, until the divisions lying in other places suddenly rise up.
2. (verb) (-tia) to encroach.
I te wā e whakaūngia ana ngā roherohenga whenua, tēnā mōhio ana ia kua aurara te tangata ki ōna whenua, kāhore a ia i whakaroaroa ki te neke i ngā pou rūri (TTR 1996:22). / At the time when the land boundaries were being established she knew when others were encroaching on her land and did not delay in moving the survey pegs.
3. (verb) to clutch, grasp, grab, seize.
Mehemea he aurara noa mai a Kino ki te tangata, ka kīia, nō hea e taea te pana atu (KO 16/2/1885:1). / If evil seizes someone, it's said that there's no way to get rid of it.
Synonyms: hopu, rawhirawhi, rawhi, romi, kōhaki, herepū, hopuhopu, kōwhakiwhaki, rarahu, rarawhi
4. (noun) encroachment.
Ahakoa te aurara o te Pākehā me te Māori o Te Whanganui-a-Tara ki runga i ngā whenua o tētahi atu, i mahi tahi tonu rātou i ētahi wā (Te Ara 2015). / Despite the encroachment of Māori and Pākehā of Wellington on each other's land, they did cooperate sometimes.
5. (noun) rolling from side to side, tossing to and fro.
I whakamaua te taura ki tētahi toka nui i te ākau, engari nā te tino kaha o te āwhā, me te aurara o te kaipuke, kāhore te taura i kikī (TTR 1990:48). / A hawser was fastened to a boulder on shore, but because the storm had become so fierce, along with rolling of the ship, the line would not remain taut.
2. (verb) (-a,-ngia) to capture (a pā).
Ka haongia a Kaiapoi me Ōnawe pā i Akaroa, ka kōrero whakawetiweti a Te Rauparaha ki te raupatu i te katoa o Te Waipounamu (TTR 1990:135). / After the capture of Kaiapoi and of Ōnawe pā at Akaroa, Te Rauparaha threatened to conquer the entire South Island.
3. (verb) (-a) to grasp greedily.
Ka hao ētahi iwi o te ao i ngā rawa taiao o ētahi atu iwi. / Some nations of the world grasp greedily the natural resources of other nations.
4. (verb) (-a) to steer to starboard.
Ka hao te kaiurungi i tō rātou waka, arā, ka huri te waka ki te taha katau. / The coxswain steered their canoe to starboard, that is the canoe turned to the right.
5. (modifier) grasping, greedy, acquisitive, avaritious, covetous.
Ko te hanga mīharo, kāore rātou i te whai wāhi mai i runga anō i te wairua hao, arā, kāore rātou i tohutohu mai kia aukatihia ētahi atu whakahaere kei te hiahia tautoko i te Tau (HM 1/1995:10). / The amazing thing is that they had no desire to be covetous, that is they did not make the stipulation to restrict other ventures wanting to support the Year.
6. (noun) net.
Ko te hao hopu i ngā īnanga me ngā ngāore, he hiraka mā (HP 1991:17). / The net for catching whitebait and smelt was of white silk.
Synonyms: kupenga
7. (noun) grasping, grabbing, covetting.
Kei te mārama te kitea atu o te hao a te Pākehā i ngā whenua o ngā Māori (TTR 1990:186). / He can see clearly that the Pākehā covet the lands of the Māori.
8. (noun) shortfin eel, Anguilla australis - a quite large type of eel, dark olive to olive-green in colour, and whitish-grey to silvery ventrally. Widespread in lowland fresh waterways. Usually nocturnal and lives under cover of overhanging rocks and debris. Caught in a hīnaki.
Nō te tau 1965 ka kōrero te kaumātua rā a Tame Saunders mō ngā momo tuna heke, rere kotahi katoa ai tēnā momo tuna, tēnā momo tuna, tēnā momo tuna: tuatahi ko ngā hao (30 henemita te roa), whai muri ko ngā riko (he kākāriki te tuarā, kotahi mita te roa), ngā paranui (he pango te tae, he kiri mātotoru), kātahi ngā tuna kōkopu (tae ki te 1.8 mita te roa, hāwhe koma-mano te taumaha) (Te Ara 2013). / Tame Saunders, an elder, described in 1965 how the different types of eels came down in the same order: first the hao (king eels, about 30 centimetres long), then the riko (greenish-backed eels, about a metre long), then the paranui (dark, with thick skins), and finally the kōkopu tuna (up to 1.8 metres long and weighing just under 30 kilograms).
See also matamoe
Synonyms: hikumutu, takotowhenua, tuna hinahina, putu, tuna, tuna heke, matamoe, papakura, aopori
2. (verb) to stimulate.
Kei te hiko atu ōku whakaaro kia whānui, kia hōhonu, kia tino kaha rawa ngā mimire o te taura e paihere nei i a tātau (TKO 30/4/1920:7). / My thoughts are stimulated into ways to broaden, deepen and strengthen the strands of the rope that unites us all.
3. (verb) (-ia) to snatch, grab, grasp.
4. (modifier) electrical, power, electronic, electric.
The government still owns some commercial enterprises, such as the power companies and the post offices. / E pupuri tonu ana te kāwanatanga i ētahi hinonga arumoni, pērā i ngā kamupene hiko me ngā poutāpeta (Te Ara 2015).
5. (noun) lightning.
Mō te hiko i kōwhā mai i te wāhi kotahi, ka tuaruatia mai i taua wāhi anō he tohu mate (M2004:234). / For the lightning which flashes over the same place twice, that is an omen of death.
6. (noun) electricity, power.
He mea whakarewa te haeana ki te hiko i ēnei rā, engari, i ngā wā o mua i whakarewangia i runga i te tō. / An iron is heated with electricity these days, but in the past it was heated on the stove.
Synonyms: kōmārohi, kaha, tino rangatiratanga, marohi, mārohirohi, mana, maru, awe, ihi, awenga, pū, mana whakahaere
2. (verb) (-a,-hia) to twinkle.
Kapokapo kau ana te whetū, ū, i te rangi (M 2004:324). / The star in the heaven twinkles unheeded.
3. (noun) clutch (with the hand), grasp, grab.
Ka hoatu e rātou he mea mā rātou katoa heoi kāore i mutu tō rātou hiahia. Ka tīmata tā rātou kapokapo i ā mātou mea (TP 10/1906:7). / Some gifts were given to them all but they weren't enough to satisfy them. They began grabbing our things.
3. (verb) to flash frequently.
Ka mea atu tōna matua, "Ki tōu tupuna, ki a Hine-nui-te-pō, e kōwhakiwhaki noa mai rā i te taha o te rangi." (NM 1928:22). / His father responded, "To your ancestor, Hine-nui-te-pō, flashing away yonder on the edge of the heavens."
4. (verb) (-na,-a) to bend or twist to a new shape.
Ka taea te kukume me te kōwhakiwhaki i tōna kakī kia teitei, kia tawhiti atu rānei te raiti i tō pukapuka (Wh2 TM 2003:52). / You're able to pull or bend its neck so that the light is higher or further away from your book.
2. (noun) wrestling.
Ka toa au i ngā whakataetae e rua - ko te hopuhopu, ko te mamau o te wāhanga tamariki (HP 1991:27). / I won two competitions - catching and wrestling for the juniors.
pāpapa
1. (noun) eggshell, husk, chaff, bran.
(Te Māhuri Study Guide (Ed. 1): 27;)
He uru hua rākau rahi anō tō rāua, ā, e 60 eka te rahi o te whenua whakatipu ōti, whakatipu pāri, hai pāpapa whāngai i ngā hōiho (TTR 1998:159). / They had a large orchard and 60 acres growing oats and barley to make chaff to feed the horses.
2. (noun) squash, kamokamo - a variety of vegetable marrow. This word seems to be peculiar to the northern Ngāti Kahungunu region.
He pēnā anō ngā tōhuka, ngā kānga, ngā pāpapa, ngā merengi, ngā kākāriki, ngā taro me ngā rīwai (HP 1991:14). / The sugar cane, maize, kamokamo, melons, rock melons, taro and potatoes were exactly the same.
3. (noun) beetle - used as a general term for beetles.
E whā ngā momo pāpapa i mau i a mātau (Ng 1995:30). / We caught four kinds of beetles.
4. (noun) common tiger beetle, Cicindela tuberculata, Neocicindela tuberculata - an endemic tiger beetle to Aotearoa/New Zealand. Adults are ground predators and larvae may live for several years in a hole in the ground, and grab and eat passing insects. Adults are commonly seen on clay banks in summer, running around and making short flights as they hunt other insects.
6. (noun) slater, pill bug, sow bug, woodlice - terrestrial Isopoda which vary slightly in appearance, but most are conspicuous and easily recognised by their elliptical, flattened segmented bodies, and seven pairs of legs. Colour is usually in the shades of grey, from dark to light, often mottled with green and yellow. Aotearoa/New Zealand slaters range in size from several millimetres to more than 2 cm in length. Slaters are mainly scavengers, feeding on a variety of decaying vegetation, tree bark, rotting wood, etc.
7. (noun) gumdiggers' soap, golden Tainui, kūmarahou, Pomaderris kumeraho - a native shrub with alternating, blue-green leaves on top and undersides pale with protruding veins. Flowers are creamy yellow in large, fluffy clusters. The whole plant is covered in a soft mat of hair. Found north of Bay of Plenty and Kāwhia.
See also kūmarahou
Synonyms: kūmara rau nui, kūmarahou
8. (noun) koropuka, bush snowberry, fool's beech, Gaultheria antipoda - native bushy shrub bearing rounded small leathery toothed leaves on hairy twigs. Hairs on twigs black mixed with shorter paler hairs. Flowers white, bell-shaped, solitary at base of leaf. Leaves alternating on stem, 7-10mm long by 6-10mm wide, sometimes much smaller at tip of twig, Fruit red or white.
See also koropuka
Synonyms: koropuka, takapo, tāwiniwini, taupuku
ruke
1. (verb) (-a,-tia) to throw down, throw away, pour forth, discharge, deposit, vent, cast aside.
Ka waipuke ana tēnei awa, ka mauria mai he oneone parakiwai o ngā whenua mōmona o runga, ka rukea ki runga i tō mātau whenua hai whakamōmona (HP 1991:14). / When this river flooded it brought down silt of the fertile lands upstream and deposited it on our land to enrich it.
2. (noun) discarding.
Ka kī ngā puku, ka hoki anō ki te kaukau, engari ka tauwhāinga ko wai rā e rere wawe ki te kōpua. I te kaha o te oma, o te tauwhāinga, kāhore anō kia tata ki te wai, ka tīmata te ruke i ngā kākahu, ka whārona te kākahu, tae rawa atu ki te wai kua tū kiri kau (TTT 1/7/1928:815). / When their stomachs were full they returned to have another swim, but they competed as to who would run to the the pool the first. Because they ran and competed so energetically, before they had reached the water they had begun throwing off their clothes, leaving them in heaps, and by the time they reached the water they were naked.
2. (modifier) used frequently.
Ka huihui atu ki te wāhi mutunga e ngaro i te tai, ki te ngaro taua wāhi i te moana ka rere ki ngā wāhi onepū muremure, kāore he otaota, kāore he aha, ka noho i reira pēhea te nunui o te kāhui, he tatari kia wātea ngā tāhuna i te tai (TP 1/11/1901:1). / They gather at the last place that disappears under the tide, and when that part disappears under the tide they fly to the beaches they frequent where there is no vegetation, nothing at all and stay there no matter how large the flock is, waiting until the sand bank re-emerges from the sea.
3. (noun) tiger beetle lava, penny doctor, butcher boy, Cicindela tuberculata, Neocicindela tuberculata - an endemic tiger beetle to Aotearoa/New Zealand. Adults are ground predators and larvae may live for several years in a hole in the ground, and grab and eat passing insects.
