2. (verb) to settle down, remain, take root.
Tō hē, e te kara nei, ki te rarau iho koe ki te whenua (TWMNT 11/9/1872:111). / Your mistake, o flag, will be if you take root in this land.
3. (modifier) in captivity.
Kei te noho rarau rāua e noho nei (W 1971:328). / Those two who are living here are living in captivity.
4. (noun) root.
Ko te rerekē o te kūmara i te uwhi, ka tipu te kūmara i te roanga o te tau, ka taea hoki te whakatō i te rarau pihipihi, kāpā ko te kōpura (Te Ara 2013). / Unlike yams, kūmara could be grown year-round, and rooted cuttings could be planted instead of tubers.
weri
1. (noun) root, rootlet, root hair.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 20;)
Me whakaaro hoki ki te rākau nui e tupu ana i te nehenehe, kotahi anō tōna pakiaka nui, he maha kē ia ngā weri o taua pakiaka, e totoro haere ana ki roto ki te whenua (TK 2/10/1843:39). / Also consider a large tree growing in the forest, which has just one large taproot but many rootlets extending into the ground.
Synonyms: weu, pīakaaka, pūtake, rarau, pū, tāmore, take, akaaka
2. (noun) tentacle, feeler.
Ko te mahi a te weri he whāwhā, he pupuri, he āwhina rānei i te kīrehe ki te kai (TRP 2009:438). / Tentacles are for feeling, grasping and to help the animal to eat.
3. (noun) centipedes of various species.
He pōhēhē ā Pāora Hopere kāore e mōhio ki te hē, ki te tika, e tino rite ana ia ki te weri: ka motu te mātenga ka koiri tonu te tinana, ka motu te tinana ka tūngoungou tonu te mātenga, ka pīkarikari tonu ngā waewae, ka tīwhana tonu te whiore (TP 11/1908:4). / Pāora Hopere is confused, doesn't know right from wrong, and he is just like a centipede: cut off the head and the body still moves to and fro, cut off the body and the head still nods, the feet continue to shuffle and the tail continues to wag.
See also peketua
hauhake
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-na,-tia) to harvest, take up a root crop, dig up (a root crop).
Makaia ai ngā purapura ki roto i te awa kia kuhu tahi me ngā wātakirihi, hei te wā e hauhakea ai he huaranga kau i ngā pūtake o ngā wātakirihi e kohia ana (TP 10/1909:4). / Place the tubers in the stream to join with the watercress, and at the time of harvest, transplant the roots of the watercress you are collecting.
2. (modifier) harvesting, harvest.
Ka tae ki te wā hauhake i te māra kūmara, ā, ka hauhakena (NIT 1995:57). / The time for harvesting the kūmara garden arrived and the kūmara were dug up.
3. (noun) harvest.
Kia tae ki te wā o te hauhake he kōneke te waka kawekawe i ngā kai ki te rua kūmara, ki te pākoro hoki (TWK 54:31). / When the time of the harvest arrives a sledge is the vehicle to transport the food to the kūmara pit and the storage place.
akaaka
1. (noun) vine of any climbing plant, long and thin roots, fibrous roots.
Hei te rima kua toro te akaaka o ngā mea o te whenua; hei te ono kua kaha te tipu o ngā mea katoa (M 2004:70). / On the fifth month the roots of the plants on the land stretch forth; on the sixth all growth is vigorous.
2. (noun) nerve.
He whakapopo i ngā niho, he whakahauā i te korokoro me te atewharowharo, me ngā whanewhane katoa o te kōpū; he whakakeretā i ngā roro me ngā akaaka katoa o te tinana (TKM.MM 20/8/1862:21). / It rots the teeth, damages the throat and lungs, and all the organs of the abdomen, and destroys the brain and all the nerves of the body.
3. (noun) state of turmoil, upheaval.
I te wā o tōna whanaketanga tae atu ki ngā tau tōmua o tana pakeketanga e pokea ana tōna iwi e te akaaka (TTR 1996:237). / At the time when he was growing up until the years before he became an adult his people were living in turmoil.
2. (noun) pounder, pestle (for fern root, flax, etc.).
kōrau
1. (noun) turnip and other similar root crops.
Ko te paukena me ērā atu tini hue, te tōnape me ērā atu kōrau, nā te Pākehā ēnā i mau mai, koia i kīia ai he hue Pākehā, he kōrau Pākehā (TP 1/1911:4). / Pumpkins and the many other types of gourd-like squash, turnips and other root crops were introduced by the Pākehā, hence they are called introduced gourds and introduced root crops.
2. (noun) fern shoots, edible fern leaves.
Ka haere te iwi nei ki te mahi aruhe, kōrau, mamaku, pītau (JPS 1928:182). / The people proceeded to collect fern root, edible fern leaves, mamaku, and succulent fern shoots.
3. (noun) black tree fern, Cyathea medullaris - a giant tree fern with flattish oval frond scars on the trunk, black and very thick frond stalks and arching fronds. Common in damp forest gullies.
See also mamaku
paiaka
1. (noun) root (of a tree).
Nō te hāpaitanga ake o taua tumutumu nei, i a rātou anō e tapahi ana i ngā paiaka o raro, ka kitea te ngārahu me ētahi toki kōhatu nei e takoto ana i roto (TWMNT 9/2/1875:34). / When they were lifting the stump up, and while they were cutting the roots underneath, they discovered charcoal and some stone adzes lying inside.
2. (noun) weapon made from a tree root.
Tae noa ki ngā rākau kakari a te iwi Māori, arā, patu pounamu, patu paraoa, patu onewa, maipi, pouwhenua, paiaka, taiaha, tokotoko, me ērā atu rākau kakari a te iwi Māori (TJ 8/3/1900:6). / Included were the weapons of the Māori people, namely greenstone short weapons, whalebone short weapons, short weapons made of dark grey stone, long wooden weapons, long weapons with a smooth point and flat blade, weapons made of tree roots, long weapons with one end carved and a flat blade, sticks and other wooden weapons of the Māori people.
2. (noun) open grasslands, barren land, open country.
Kātahi ka tīkina ka whawhaitia a Raumati me ōna iwi, ka mate a Ngāti Ohomairangi, ka horo, ā ka tae ki te matua e takoto ana mai i te pākihi (JPS 1925:309). / Ngāti Ohomairangi then attacked Raumati and his people, but were defeated and fled, falling back on the main body lying out in the open country.
2. (noun) wooden fern-root pounder.
He paoi patu aruhe tā tētahi, he mira tā tētahi (MM.TKM 15/8/1857:2). / One has a wooden fern-root pounder, the other has a mill.
ono
1. (verb) (-kia) to plant root crops.
Ka onokia te kūmara i taua wā anō i ū ai a 'Horouta' ki Waiapu, te ingoa o te māra ko Whakararanui (TWMNT 16/10/1872:137). / The kūmara were planted at the time when the 'Horouta' canoe landed at Waiapu and the name of the garden was Whakararanui.
Synonyms: onoono
2. (modifier) planting.
Nāna tonu i tīmata te kaupapa nei, arā, te mahi ono rākau i ngā whenua Māori e karapoti ana i ngā moana o Taupō me Te Roto-a-Ira (TTR 2000:61). / He himself initiated this matter, that is the work of planting trees on Māori land around Lakes Taupō and Rotoaira.
Synonyms: rumaki, whakatō, whakatōtō, rerenga, marotiritiri, pounga, whakatiputipu, whakatōnga
3. (noun) planting.
Whiro: He rā kino tēnei mō te ono kai, me te hī ika hoki (Wh3 2003:105). / First day of the lunar month: This is a bad day for planting crops and fishing.
pīwaiwai
1. (verb) (-a,-hia) to dig over, glean, harvest (root crops).
Ka mate au i te whakamā i te kai kore o te oneone, i te tuaruatanga ki te pīwaiwai, pīwai atu, pīwai atu (TWT 1/6/1858:2). / I am overcome with embarrassment because of the lack of food crops and from having to dig over the ground a second time to glean food from here and there.
2. (noun) small kūmara overlooked in lifting the crop.
pīwai
1. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to dig over, glean, harvest (root crops).
Ka mate au i te whakamā i te kai kore o te oneone, i te tuaruatanga ki te pīwaiwai, pīwai atu, pīwai atu (TWT 1/6/1858:2). / I am overcome with embarrassment because of the lack of food crops and from having to dig over the ground a second time to glean food from here and there.
2. (noun) small kūmara overlooked in lifting the crop.
3. (noun) last victim (of a battle).
Ko Kaiwharawhara tēnei, he parekura kei Whanganui, nā Te Whatahoro te ika pīwai, ko Te Mamaru (JPS 1929:218). / This was Kaiwharawhara, a battle at Whanganui where Te Whatahoro killed the last victim, Te Mamaru.
onoono
1. (verb) (-hia,-kia) to plant root crops.
I mua o te onoono i ngā kūmara ki te māra nui, ka whakatōhia te māra tautāne (Te Ara 2011). / Before planting the kūmara in the main garden, there was a ceremonial planting in the special kūmara garden.
Synonyms: ono
2. (verb) (rangā,-a) to pull up by the roots.
E kore e taea te ranga i te rākau i te kaha tangata - he hōhonu rawa nō ngā pakiaka (TWMNT 8/9/1874:230). / The tree cannot be pulled up by human strength - because the roots are too deep.
3. (verb) to set in motion, transport.
Ko te kōrero hoki a Ngāti Tūwharetoa ko ngā pua manu he mea ranga mai nā Māui nō Hawaiki rā anō (M 2004:336). / Ngāti Tūwharetoa narratives say that the berry-bearing trees for birds were brought by Māui from Hawaiki.
Synonyms: whakarewa
4. (noun) group, team, company (of people).
Mō te nuinga o ngā kirimana tuhi marautanga pēnei, e rua noa iho ngā rōpū whai wāhi mai, arā ko tētahi ranga tuhi, me ētahi kāhui kaiwhakamāherehere hei āwhina i ia kaituhi (HM 3/1993:6). / For the majority of the curriculum writing contracts like this, there were just two groups involved, namely a writing team and some clusters of advisers to assist each writer.
5. (noun) shoal (of fish), school (of fish).
He nui noa atu te ranga ika e heke ana i taua awa i ngā tau katoa (TWMNT 24/3/1874:76). / Great shoals of fish come down that river every year.
Synonyms: matatuhi
pūtake
1. (verb) (-tia) to originate.
Ehara i te mea i mate te nuinga o te tāngata i te rū tonu, engari i ōna mate o muri iho i pūtaketia mai e te rū (TWMNT 21/9/1875:213). / It was not as if the majority of the people died from the earthquake itself, but from the diseases afterwards that were caused by the earthquake.
2. (noun) cause, reason, origin, source.
I whakaatu anō ia i te āhua o te taipō pīwa, te pūtake mai me te rongoā (TP 5/1901:11). / He gave instruction on the nature of typhoid fever, the origin and the cure.
Synonyms: mea, tikanga, takunetanga, pūnga, toi, pū, ahunga, orokohanga, mātāwai, ūkaipō, pī, orokohanganga, take, kunenga, takenga
3. (noun) base, root.
Kua roa ka maha haere ngā kōpurepure, nāwai ā, ka heke whakararo ki te pūtake o te taewa, ā, he maroke te tukunga iho (TP 3/1905:5). / After a time the number of blotches increases and after a while descends to the base of the potato plant, and drying out is the result.
4. (noun) ancestor, progenitor.
Ko te pūtake mai o tēnei tipuna o Whata, ko Pouheni. He tamaiti a Pouheni nā Paikea (JPS 1906:61). / The progenitor of this ancestor, Whata, was Pouheni. Pouheni was a child of Paikea.
Synonyms: uretū
5. (noun) base, root (of a number).
Ko te pūtake te tau e hīkina ana ki tētahi pū (TRP 2010:212). / The root is the number that is being raised to a power (TRP 2010:212).
6. (noun) base (of a number system).
Ko te pūtake te pānga kei waenganui i ngā mati uara tū o tētahi pūnaha tau. Koia hoki hei whakatau i te maha o ngā tohutau o te pūnaha tau (TRP 2010:213). / The base is the relationship between the place value digits of a number system. It also determines the number of numerals the number system has (TRP 2010:213).
7. (noun) base (of a geometrical figure).
