2. (noun) fat.
I whāngaia koe ki te ngenge o te tāmure o Whangapānui (JPS 1903:156). / You were fed the fat of snapper fish of Whangapānui.
mōmona
1. (verb) to be fat, fatty, obese, in good condition, rich, fertile (of the land).
Hei te takurua hopukina ai te kiore. Koinei te wā e mōmona ana te kiore - he tūpuhi rawa i te raumati (Te Ara 2016). / The kiore were caught in winter. This was the time when the rats were in prime condition - in summer they were too thin.
2. (modifier) fat, fatty, obese, in good condition, rich, fertile (of the land).
Nā te mea kei te taha tonu taua whenua i te awa o Nūhaka, ka waipuke ana tēnei awa, ka mauria mai he oneone parakiwai o ngā whenua mōmona o runga, ka rukea ki runga i tō mātau whenua hai whakamōmona (HP 1991:14). / Because that land is beside the Nūhaka river, when it floods it brings down the silt of the fertile lands upstream and deposits it on our land to enrich it.
3. (noun) fat, obesity, in good condition, richness, fertility (of the land), corpulence, fatness.
Kei te mahara anō hoki ia kia nui ake te wēti o tana wūru, o te mōmona rānei o tana kau, puruki, aha atu rānei e whakatupuria ana i runga i tana pāmu (TTT 1/7/1929:1033). / He is also considering how to increase the weight of his wool, or the condition of his cows, bullocks, or whatever is raised on his farm.
Synonyms: mate mōmona, haumako, matū
taupā
1. (verb) (-tia) to obstruct, prevent.
Kīhai au i haere; i taupātia au e te tangata i te pō (W 1971:400). / I did not go; I was prevented by the man in the night.
Synonyms: whakakati, whakakōroiroi, whakapā, whakahōtaetae, ngihangiha, ārai, kōpeka, hōtaetae, pākati, tāiha, taipuru, ārei, aukati, kōpekapeka, kati, taupare, pā
2. (verb) (-tia) to perform a ritual chant used by a man to attract a woman or a ritual chant used by a dying man to withhold his wife from other men.
Ka aranga te ingoa o tēnei whaiwhaiā he taupā i te wahine. E rua ngā āhua o tēnei whaiwhaiā, he tangata kāore i tae ki te wahine, he tangata i tae tonu ki te wahine i moea hei wahine tūturu māna, ki te mōhio taua tangata kua tata ia te mate ka taupātia e ia tōna wahine i mua atu i tōna matenga (TPH 31/8/1904:2). / This witchcraft is known as the ritual to withhold the wife from other men. There are two functions of this witchcraft, for a man who is not able to take a woman and for a man who has taken a wife in a permanent relationship. If that man knows he is approaching death he will perform the ritual to withhold his wife from other men.
3. (noun) obstruction, boundary, hymen.
Nā, ki te haere te ope taua, ka kitea te moko kākāriki e whakapae ana mai i mua i te ara, he taupā tēnā, me hoki tēnā taua (JPS 1927:358). / Now, if a war party is on the march and a green gecko is seen lying on the path, then that is an obstruction, that party must return.
4. (noun) fat covering the kidneys, perinephric fat.
Me ngā whatukuhu e rua, me tō reira ngako, tērā i te hope, me te taupā i te ate, me ngā whatukuhu, me tango tērā e ia (PT Rewitikuha 3:4). / And the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away.
5. (noun) ritual chant by a man to attract a woman, ritual chant by a dying man to withhold his wife from other men.
Ka aranga te ingoa o tēnei whaiwhaiā he taupā i te wahine (TPH 31/8/1904:2). / This witchcraft is known as the ritual to withhold the wife from other men.
huainanga
1. (noun) fat hen, Chenopodium album - a very common weed, especially in arable districts. Growing mainly in spring and summer, this erect weed can grow up to 2m tall. It is known as a very competitive weed due to its ability to remove moisture from the soil even in dry conditions. The grey-green leaves are up to 7cm long, sword shaped and have margins that appear toothed. Main stems and laterals often have green, yellowish or sometimes reddish ribs and can become quite hardy. Normally forms very small green flowers between December and May that develop into a tight cluster of seeds up to 30cm long. Seeds remain viable in the soil for long periods of time.
Te tupunga ake o te māra nei he runa anake, he wekahu, he huainanga, he horera ngā kai (TP 2/1909:4). / What grows in this garden are dock, fat hen, and sorrel.
tuawhiti
1. (verb) to be thick, fleshy, succulent, fat, of good quality, of substance.
Arā ētahi e kimi huarahi tonu ana e tuawhiti ake ai te reo e whāngaia atu ana e rātou ki ā rātou tamariki, ki ā rātou mokopuna (HJ 2012:6). / There are some looking for a way to improve the quality of the language they are feeding to their children and grandchildren.
2. (modifier) thick, fleshy, succulent, fat, of good quality.
Māu tonu e kite iho te rerekētanga o te "Koia kei a koe!" me te "E taku purapura tuawhiti, e taku kōwhatu turua..." engari e rua, e rua he whakamihi (HM 2/1994:7). / You yourself can see the difference between "Koia kei a koe!" (Good on you!) and "E taku purapura tuawhiti, e taku kōwhatu turua..." (My perfect flower, my prized stone) but they are both compliments.
whatuaro
1. (noun) belly fat (of fish).
Ka mataku te wahine rā i te upoko rā, ka rere ki te whatuaro. Ka kī ano te tangata rā. "Māku tonu te whatuaro, te wāhi i takoto ai taku mōunu." (M 2005:316). / The wife was afraid to eat the head and reached for the belly fat. The man again said, "The belly fat is for me too, as that is the place where my bait lay."
2. (verb) (-a) to steep, immerse, soak (in water).
Ka tutua te aute ki te wai (W 1971:463). / The bark of the paper mulberry tree was immersed in water.
hinu
1. (noun) fat, grease, lard, dripping, oil, petrol.
Homai te hinu ōriwa mō taku parāoa. / Pass the olive oil for my bread, please.
Synonyms: hinu poaka, noni, kōhinu, penehīni
2. (noun) game - e.g. pigeons, rats, etc. preserved in their own fat.
Mōrunga rawa ake te rā ka puta ngā iwi i pōhiritia rā; ana, me he tuarā wharau ki te waha mai i ngā ika tauraki kua maroke, i ngā hāpuku, i ngā mangō, i ngā tawatawa, i ngā maomao, i te tini noa iho o ngā kai o te moana, ngā mahinga a tērā iwi nui tonu, a Te Ngutuau, me ngā iwi o te ngahere, o ngā maunga, e mau mai ana i te hinu, me ērā atu kai (JPS 1911:21). / The sun was already high when the tribes who were invited appeared; they were like the thatched roof of a house carrying the dried fish, hāpuku, shark, mackerel, maomao, and all kinds of provision from the sea, which had been got ready by that great tribe, the Ngutuau, and the tribes of the forest and the mountains, who brought game and other kinds of food.
2. (noun) birds preserved in their own fat, game.
Māu e uta atu ēnei kupu hei ako i ngā iwi e mahi mai nei i te manu hei huahua (TW 2/2/1887:58). / It's for you to publish these words to instruct the tribes who preserve birds in their fat.
3. (noun) vessel in which cooking was done by placing heated stones in the water.
matū
1. (noun) fat, gist (of a matter), richness, sense, point, spirit, quintessence.
Ka whakatakotoria e Kepa te matū o ngā kōrero tuku iho me ngā whakapapa o Te Arawa, rite tonu ki te mahi a tōna tipuna, a Ānaha Te Rāhui (TTR 2000:35). / Kepa, just like his grandfather Ānaha Te Rāhu, set down a rich body of Te Arawa history and whakapapa.
Synonyms: mōmona, haumako, tairongo, aronga, ārohirohi, wairua, tino, matamata, tongi, hiku, kūmore, raenga, akitu, paina, ngahu, tāmore, koi, koinga, toi, toitoi, tihi, tara, mata
2. (noun) material, matter (science), substance, chemical.
Ko ā rātou tautohetohe e hāngai ana ki ētahi take o ēnei wā (pēnei i te tēpoko, i te pūkōwhai rānei i roto i te wai) kia puta ai he māramatanga mō te pānga o ētahi matū ki te tinana. / Their debates relate to current causes (such as asbestos or fluoride in the water) so that there's some enlightenment concerning the effect of some substances on the body.
2. (noun) fat (on meat), blubber.
Kātahi ka pātai te hunga i noho atu, "He aha te ngako o tō koutou motu?" Ka utua atu, "He tuna, he hāpuku, he manu, he kākā, he kūkū, he tītī, he kororā (kāore e rere tērā manu)." (JPS 1901:70). / Then the people who lived there asked, “What are the fat things of your island?” They replied, “Eel, groper, birds, kākā, New Zealand pigeon, mutton bird and blue penguin (that bird does not fly)."
3. (noun) essence, gist, substance, nub.
Ko te ngako tēnei o aku kupu poroporoaki ki a koutou (TTT 1/11/1929:1914). / This is the essence of my parting words to you all.
4. (noun) lipid.
Ko tā te ate he whakaputa i te waiate hei wāwāhi i te ngako o roto i te kai (RP 2009:349). / The purpose of the liver is to produce bile to separate out the lipids in food.
5. (noun) fernbird, Bowdleria punctata - a warm brown bird heavily streaked and spotted dark brown with a long frayed tail. Secretive and lives in freshwater and tidal wetlands.
See also mātātā
pukunati
1. (verb) to be stout, fat, rotund, chubby, plump - sometimes as two words, i.e. puku nati.
Synonyms: māretireti, kunekune, kune, takapū, wheti
2. (noun) roly-poly, fatty, fatso.
Kātahi te tangata kunekune, ko taua pukunati rā (HKK 1999:115). / What a fat person that fatso is.
Synonyms: takaporepore
whakamōmona
1. (verb) (-tia) to make fat, fatten, enrich, make fertile.
Ka waipuke ana tēnei awa, ka mauria mai he oneone parakiwai o ngā whenua mōmona o runga, ka rukea ki runga i tō mātau whenua hai whakamōmona (HP 1991:14). / When this river flooded it brought down silt of the fertile lands upstream and deposited it on our land to enrich it.
2. (noun) nourishment, manure, fertilizer.
Ki te kāhore he whakamōmona mō te rākau e tupu kino taua rākau, ā, tae ana te memehatanga ki ōna manga me onā rau (KO 15/5/1884:7). / If there is no nourishment for the tree it will grow poorly, and its branches and leaves will become unhealthy.
Synonyms: maniua, whakawairākau, wairākau
kunekune
1. (verb) to be round (of appearance), plump, fat, tubby.
E whāngaia ana aua ika i ngā wā katoa, nā reira nui atu tō rātou tetere, kunekune ana (TP 8/1903:11) / Those fish were fed all the time, and so they were very large and plump.
Synonyms: pukunati, māretireti, kune, takapū
2. (modifier) round (of appearance), plump, fat, tubby.
Kātahi te tangata kunekune, ko taua pukunati rā (HKK 1999:115). / What a fat person that fatso is.
Synonyms: kōpio, porotītiti, porotaitaka, porotiti, porokawa, tōpuku, whakaawhiwhi, karapoi, whiringa, kōtakataka, porowhita, rauna
3. (noun) kunekune pig - a fat, short-legged, feral pig that was introduced to Aotearoa/New Zealand in the early contact period.
Hore kau i roa kua puta a Karakata e rere ana me te poaka kunekune e oma ana (TWK 11:14). / It wasn't long before Karakata (pheasant) appeared and it was flying with the kunekune pig running after it.
turuhunga
1. (noun) tree frequented by birds getting very fat.
Ko te tino hāngaitanga o tēnā ingoa turuhunga, he mōmona nō te ekenga o te manu ki runga ki taua rākau, kua tūrūruhi, kāore e kanae ngā kanohi, kāore e whētētē (W 1971:461). / That name 'turuhunga' for a tree is really relevant when a bird is fat and it lands on the tree, it is sluggish and the eyes will not be staring wildly, they're not wide open and alert.
2. (noun) midwinter.
He poto te awatea, he roa te pō i te whaturua. / Daylight is short and nights are long in midwinter.
Synonyms: Maruaroa
