karakia
1. (verb) (-tia) to recite ritual chants, say grace, pray, recite a prayer, chant.
Nā, ka mahia e ngā tohunga ka unuhia ngā rito kōrari, ka karakiatia kia mōhiotia ai, ka mate ka ora rānei (M 2005:280). / Now, the tohunga plucked the centre shoots of the flax, and recited incantations over them to ascertain whether the result would be defeat or victory.
Synonyms: inoi
2. (noun) incantation, ritual chant, chant, intoned incantation, charm, spell - a set form of words to state or make effective a ritual activity. Karakia are recited rapidly using traditional language, symbols and structures. Traditionally correct delivery of the karakia was essential: mispronunciation, hesitation or omissions courted disaster. The two most important symbols referred to in karakia are of sticks and food, while the two key actions are of loosing and binding. Individual karakia tend to follow a pattern: the first section invokes and designates the atua, the second expresses a loosening of a binding, and the final section is the action, the ordering of what is required, or a short statement expressing the completion of the action. The images used in karakia are from traditional narratives. There were karakia for all aspects of life, including for the major rituals, i.e. for the child, canoe, kūmara, war party and the dead. Karakia for minor rituals and single karakia include those for the weather, sickness, daily activities and for curses and overcoming curses. These enabled people to carry out their daily activities in union with the ancestors and the spiritual powers.
Hanga rawa anō tōna whare wānanga, hei akonga mō ngā tamariki ki ngā tini karakia, ki tō rātou atua tapu, te karakia mākutu, te karakia ātahu, te karakia wehe, te karakia taupō, te karakia hono i te iwi whati, te karakia whakahoki mākutu, te karakia patu i ngā tapu, te karakia i ngā kanohi pura, te karakia mō te raoa, te karakia mō te haere ki te whawhai, te karakia whakaara i ngā tapu, te karakia kia ua te rangi, te karakia kia mao te ua, te karakia kia whatitiri, kia rū te whenua, kia maroke ngā rākau, kia maroke te wai, kia ngaru te moana, kia rokia te moana, kia haere mai ngā ika taniwha o te moana, ngā ngārara o te tuawhenua, te karakia o te huamata, te pure o te hua mai o te tau, te karakia o te kawenga ki roto i te rua tāhuhu, i te rua kōpiha rānei, te karakia o te tomokanga ki te ngāherehere, o te whakaputanga mai rānei i ngā manu mate ki waho o te ngahere, te karakia o te whakaatahanga o te whare o te whakatuheratanga hoki o te whare, te karakia o te nehunga tūpāpaku, te karakia o te whānautanga tamariki, o te whakaputanga hoki ki waho i te whare kōhanga, o te tohinga rānei i te ingoa (TJ 20/6/1899:3). / He built his academy of learning to teach the children the many ritual chants, their sacred god, karakia for witchcraft, to bewitch, to divert affections, for ?ulcers, to mend broken bones, to counter witchcraft, to kill using tapu, for blindness, for choking, for going into battle, to lift tapu, for rain, for rain to cease, to cause lightning, to cause earthquakes, to make trees dry up, to dry up water, to make the sea rough, to calm the sea, to attract large fish of the ocean and insects of the land, karakia for planting, to lift the tapu on a harvest to ensure a plentiful crop, for storing crops in covered pits or pits, karakia for entering the forest or for bringing dead birds out of the forest, karakia for building and opening buildings, for burying the dead, or childbirth and for leaving the house for childbirth and of the naming ceremony.
See also karakia whakahorohoro, karakia whati, karakia haumanu, karakia kikokiko, karakia whakaū
Synonyms: kaha
3. (noun) prayer, grace, blessing, service, church service - an extension of the traditional term for introduced religions, especially Christianity.
tau
1. (verb) (-ria) to land, alight, come to rest, settle on, count, settle, perch, ride at anchor, resolve.
Ka tau mai ki ngā kura reo, e pau ana te hau, ka hoki atu e hikohiko katoa ana te ngākau (HM 4/2008:3). / I arrived at the language learning gathering worn out and when I returned home I was enthusiastic.
Synonyms: pae, pūtohe, niwha, whakapau kaha, pūkeke, noho, nohonoho, whakaea, whakanoho, whakatatū, whakatau, whakamāhaki, whakataiwhenua, tatū, pūwhenua
2. (verb) to settle down, subside, abate.
Ka tau te riri, ka hohou te rongo (TTR 1990:57). / Hostilities subsided and peace was made.
3. (modifier) neat, comely, smart, attractive, handsome, becoming, suitable, beautiful, cute, befitting.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 196;)
4. (noun) attractiveness, beauty, grace, elegance.
He rite te whiunga i te poi me te rite o te whiu o te waewae, me te tungoutanga o te māhunga, me te tau hoki o te tinana ki te titiro atu (TPH 16/4/1900:5). / The swinging of the poi and feet were in unison, together with the bowing of the head and how graceful the bodies were.
Synonyms: rerehua, ātaahua, hūmārie, hūmārire, ātanga, purotu, waiwaiā
whakaparanga
1. (verb) to be insincere, put on airs and graces, snobby, criticise, offend, insult.
Mai i te taenga mai o Pākehā ki waenganui i a tātou i pakangatia rātou e tātou, i moea rātou e tātou, i whakaparanga tātou ki a rātou, i whakahoahoa atu tātou ki a rātou, i mahi tahi atu tātou ki a rātou, ā, i roto i ērā āhuatanga katoa ka pā mai tō rātou reo ki tō tātou, ā, me te aha anō riro ana i tō tātou reo ētahi o ā rātou kupu me tā rātou whakatakoto i te kupu, ā, riro ana i tō rātou reo ētahi o ā tātou kupu (HM 3/1995:4). / From the arrival of the Pākehā amongst us we battled them, we married them, we criticised them, we befriended them, we worked with them, and with all those aspects their language affected ours and our language acquired some of their words while their language adopted some of our vocabulary.
2. (noun) insincerity, put-down, insult, criticism.
Anei tonu e hoe nei ahakoa pariparitia mai e ngā tai o whakatakē, o whakaparanga, o mihi, o whakamiha, koianei katoa hoki ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te whakahaere Māori ahakoa he aha te kaupapa i whakatūria ai (HM 4/1997:1). / Here we are still paddling despite being being inundated by the tides of negative criticism, insincerity, acknowledgement and appreciation, but those are all aspects that affect Māori endeavours whatever they are.
Synonyms: whakatīkai, tīkai
3. (noun) snob, snobbish person.
Ahakoa e kī ana ētahi he whakaparanga a Mere, hei aha atu hoki māna tērā whiunga kupu (HJ 2012:33). / Although some say Mere is a snob, she takes no notice of that accusation.
2. (modifier) comely, suitable, elegant, graceful.
He pai ki a ia ngā kākahu huatau, te momo puoro takihuri a ngā kirimangu o Amerika me te pātī haere (TTR 1996:80). / She liked elegant clothes, jazz music of the Blacks of America and parties.
3. (noun) elegance, style, grace, dignity, beauty, politeness.
Ahakoa te huatau o tēnei whakautu, e tino mārama ana te whakaatu mai kua whakakorea tā rātou take (TTR 1994:110). / Despite the politeness of this response, it very clearly rejected their case.
rimu
1. (noun) seaweed - a general term.
Ka tahuri rātau ki te koko rimu hei takotoranga mō ngā pāua me ngā ika maroke kia mākūkū ai, koi kino i te rehu waitai (JPS 1913:111). / They proceeded to pull up seaweed as receptacles for the pāua and the dried fish so that they would be moist, and so that they should not be spoiled by the sea spray.
See also parengo, karengo, rimurapa, rimurimu
Synonyms: rimurimu
2. (noun) moss - a general term.
Synonyms: whareatua, pūkahukahu, kohukohu, pūkohu, pūkohukohu, kōpuru
3. rimu, red pine, Dacrydium cupressinum - a tall coniferous tree with dark brown flaking bark, scale-like prickly leaves and gracefully weeping branches.
He nui anō ngā rākau nunui i taua wā, he tōtara, he rimu, he kahika, he mataī, he miro, he kauri me ngā rākau pakupaku, he patatē, he hinahina he kaikōmako te paunga o te ngahere i te ahi (HTK 20/1/1894:5). / There were many giant trees at that time, tōtara, rimu, kahikatea, mataī, miro and kauri, with the small trees, patatē, whiteywood and kaikōmako, which were all destroyed in the fire.
Synonyms: puaka
houhere
1. (noun) lacebark, Hoheria populnea - small white-flowered, graceful trees with fibrous many-layered underbark and alternating leaves which are 5-12 cm long with large sharp teeth.
Synonyms: houi, houhi, houhi ongaonga
houi
1. (noun) lacebark, Hoheria populnea - small white-flowered, graceful trees with fibrous many-layered underbark and alternating leaves which are 5-12 cm long with large sharp teeth.
Ko ō rātou tiakete he mea mahi anō ki te kiri houi, engari ki te titiro atu rite tonu ki te kiwi (TP 8/1901:5). / There jackets were made of bark of the lacebark tree, but they looked just like kiwi feathers.
See also houhere
Synonyms: houhere, houhi, houhi ongaonga
2. (noun) flower.
Ka makā atu e Taininihi tōna kura, ka ākiritia ki te waitai i tana kitenga tuatahi i ngā puaka ngangana o te rātā (TMT 2/9/1861:11). / Taininihi threw away his treasured possession, he threw it into the sea when he first saw the red flowers of the rātā tree.
3. (noun) dry twig.
Ka kopenua te pepa, hei tūāpapa mō te ahi. Kātahi ka whakatakotoria ngā puaka me ngā wahie nui ake ki runga ake (HJ 2012:198). / The paper is scrunched up as a foundation for the fire. Then the dry twigs and larger firewood are laid on top.
whauwhi
1. (noun) lacebark, Hoheria populnea - small white-flowered, graceful trees with fibrous many-layered underbark and alternating serrated leaves which are 5-12 cm long with large sharp teeth.
See also houhere
houhi
1. (noun) lacebark, Hoheria populnea - small white-flowered, graceful trees with fibrous many-layered underbark and alternating serrated leaves which are 5-12 cm long with large sharp teeth.
Nāna anō hoki i ako ngā toi me ngā mōhiotanga o tōna whaea, ki te tapahi harakeke, ki te mahi ake i te houhi hei raranga kete, mahi piupiu, whatu korowai, whatu tīpare me te hanga korehe, ā, ki te miro ake i te muka ki tōna kūwhā, kia taea ai te whatu me te tae (TTR 1996:70). / She also learned the arts and knowledge of her mother, cutting flax and lacebark for weaving baskets, making piupiu, weaving cloaks, headbands and sandals, twirling flax fibre on her thigh to prepare it for weaving and dyeing.
See also houhere
Synonyms: houi, houhere, houhi ongaonga
pānako
1. (noun) thread fern, Blechnum filiforme - native creeping and climbing fern. Ground fronds very small with roundish leaflets. Larger, climbing ones have very long, pointed leaflets. Graceful fronds with thread-like leaflets bear the spores. Occurs throughout Te Ika-a-Māui and northern South Island.
2. (noun) shore spleenwort, Asplenium obtusatum - a native coastal fern confined in the northern part of its range to only the most exposed situations. Further south it grows not only on exposed cliffs but also in coastal vegetation where it often forms an important association with Hebe elliptica and Blechnum durum. Frequently associated with sea bird colonies. Rhizome stout, often forming a hard woody mass above ground, bearing brown, shiny, ovate, acuminate scales. Has thich fleshy fronds.
petako
1. (noun) sickle spleenwort, Asplenium polyodon - large tufted native fern, usually hanging from trees. Few graceful, arching fronds, glossy above, with shaggily and deeply toothed leaflets. Commonest on trees or logs in the north and on the ground in the south.
Synonyms: peretao
2. (noun) Stilbocarpa polaris - and endemic species.
3. (noun) gully fern, Cyathea cunninghamii - a tall, graceful tree fern similar to mamaku but with a more slender trunk, much more slender stalks and fronds. The trunk lacks the hexagonal scar pattern of mamaku and does not have the skirt of dead stalks of 'kātote'.
4. (noun) Prince of Wales Feathers, crape fern, Leptopteris superba - native tufted ground fern, often with a short woody trunk. Fronds tapered equally at both ends, very finely divided. Fluffy to touch. Grows best in cool, wet forest. Frond tapers at both ends.
See also heruheru
Synonyms: maikukuroa, ngutu kākāriki, pūniu, tētē kura, tētēkura, ngutungutu kiwi, tētē, heruheru
5. (noun) whekī-ponga, Dicksonia fibrosa - native tree fern with very thick, soft, fibrous, rusty-brown trunk and a heavy skirt of dead, pale-brown fronds. Many narrow fronds on very short stalks, harsh to touch.
See also whekī ponga
