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Loan words

Historical loan words

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Idioms

Phrases

Proverbs

Loan words

Historical loan words

awhe

1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to hem in, surround, beset, envelop, encircle.

Kei te awhe te aka rātā i te rākau ka mate (Te Ara 2015). / The rātā vine engulfed the dead tree.

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2. (verb) (-a,-hia) to gather into a heap, gather together, scoop up, heap up.

Awhea mai ngā oneone (W 1971:24). / Heap up the soil.

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Synonyms: kapu, kaku, tīkoko, koko, kōutuutu


3. (verb) to go, travel.

Kua awhe tana pononga ki te puna ki te tiki wai māna (PK 2008:52). / His slave has gone to get some water for him.

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4. (noun) greenstone pendant with a curved end.

Ko te kuru pounamu pea, arā awhe e kīia nei ko Te Āwhiowhio (M 2007:66) / Probably the prized greenstone pendant, that is the pendant with a curved end called Te Āwhiowhio.

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5. (noun) ritual chant to affect someone's hau (vital essence).

E whā ngā pō i tū ai ki te awhe i te hau o Te Wheuki kia riro mai i tōna karakia paihana, kāore i riro mai. Kātahi ka mea atu ki tōna hoa wahine, “Nā te tūtata o māua i kore ai e riro mai tōna hau i taku awhe mākutu; me haere tāua ki Tūranga, kia tawhiti ai (JPS 1894:170). / For four nights he tried to gather in the hau (vital essence) of Te Wheuki by means of his poisonous ritual chants, but without success. Then he said to his wife, “It must be due to our proximity that his hau will not succumb to my bewitching ritual chant to affect his hau. We had better go to Gisborne, so that we are further away.

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apo

1. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ngia,-tia) to gather together.

Mai i te tīmatanga o te tekau tau mai i 1820, ka ngana a Tāraia rātou ko tana iwi ki te apo pū, hei ārai atu i ngā takatakahanga mai a Ngā Puhi (TTR 1990:154). / From the early 1820s Taraia and his people were eager to arm themselves with guns to protect themselves from being trampled on by Ngā Puhi.

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See also tauapo


2. (verb) (-hia,-ia,-ngia,-tia) to grasp greedily, grab, appropriate, acquire greedily.

Ka whakatakotoria te aukati kia kaua e uru mai ngā Pākehā me ā rātou haumi o Te Arawa ki te apo whenua (TTR 1990:198). / The boundary was set so that the Pākehā and their Te Arawa allies could not enter to grab land.

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3. (modifier) greedy, avaricious, grasping, acquisitive, covetous.

Nā te kōti whenua ka puhake ngā kino katoa—: te kōrero parau, te tāhae, te hae, te whakamauāhara, te whanokē, te aroha-kore, te ngākau apo (TTT 1/8/1925:278). / Because of the land court all the evils became apparent: telling lies, stealing, envy, hatred, erratic behaviour, lack of compassion and greed.

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Synonyms: kaiponu, hao, haohao


4. (noun) greed, avarice.

Kāore i roa te whakaratanga ka parea ake e te Pākehā ki rahaki, kua apohia anō he whenua. Ka waiho tonu hei mahi, te apo whenua (TTR 1990:354). / It wasn't long after compromise was reached when it was pushed aside by the Pākehā, and land was again being grabbed. Greed for land continued to be the occupation.

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apoapo

1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ia,-ngia,-tia) to collect, gather.

Ko tāna mahi i tēnei wā, he huri haere i te motu ki te apoapo ake i ngā whakaaro o te iwi mō te kaupapa nei (HM 3/1998:3). / His task at this time is to travel around the country to collect people's ideas about this matter.

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2. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ia,-ngia,-tia) to roll together, entangle.

I whānau anō au i te taha o te ākau, ā, i whiua atu au e koe ki te hukahuka o te tai, ā, he mea takai ahau e koe ki roto ki tōu tikitiki, ā, he mea apoapo ahau e te rimu, takai atu, takai mai (NM 1928:6). / I was indeed born beside the coast and you threw me into the foam of the sea and you wrapped me in your topknot, and I was enveloped by the seaweed, wrapping me this way and that.

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emi

1. (verb) to be assembled, gathered together.

He nui ngā tāngata o roto o Tūranga i emi mai ki taua hui (TKO 11/1914:7). / A lot of people from Gisborne gathered at that meeting.

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emiemi

1. (verb) to be assembled, gathered together.

Ka haere atu nei a Horokohe, me te akitiwha i roto i tōna ringa mauī, ka emiemi atu ki te kata, kātahi ka toro atu te ringa ki te harirū ki a Mekiniri, nō te toronga atu hoki o te ringa o Mekiniri, kātahi ka pākia e taua tangata, ka pūhia mai e tōna ringa mauī e mau rā i te akitiwha (TPH 16/9/1901:7). / Czolgosz went with the handkerchief wrapped around his left hand, then he stretched out his hand to shake hands with McKinley and when McKinley put out his hand and touched that man he shot him with his left arm which held the handkerchief.

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2. (noun) grass tree, spiderwood, Dracophyllum latifolium - native shrub to 12 m which looks a little like a cabbage tree, having clusters of long tapering leaves at the tips of the branches.

See also neinei

hamu

1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to gather things that are scattered, glean, scavenge, eat leftovers.

Ka hauarea tēnā tangata, ka hamu ia i ngā wai pūwhā o ngā pāparakāuta, ka noho ia i reira, kāhore he kai pai hei oranga mōna (KO 15/7/1884:24). / That man became thin, he scavenged the cooking water of the hotels and lived there, there was no suitable food as sustenance for him.

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Synonyms: hamuhamu


2. (noun) scavenger.

Synonyms: hamuhamu

hao

1. (verb) (-a) to catch in a net, fish (with a net), enclose, encircle, gather together, envelope.

Kua taha ngā rā i hao ai i te ika o te moana, o te wai māori (TP 1/1/1901:6). / The days have passed to net the fish of the ocean and fresh water.

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2. (verb) (-a,-ngia) to capture (a pā).

Ka haongia a Kaiapoi me Ōnawe pā i Akaroa, ka kōrero whakawetiweti a Te Rauparaha ki te raupatu i te katoa o Te Waipounamu (TTR 1990:135). / After the capture of Kaiapoi and of Ōnawe pā at Akaroa, Te Rauparaha threatened to conquer the entire South Island.

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3. (verb) (-a) to grasp greedily.

Ka hao ētahi iwi o te ao i ngā rawa taiao o ētahi atu iwi. / Some nations of the world grasp greedily the natural resources of other nations.

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4. (verb) (-a) to steer to starboard.

Ka hao te kaiurungi i tō rātou waka, arā, ka huri te waka ki te taha katau. / The coxswain steered their canoe to starboard, that is the canoe turned to the right.

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5. (modifier) grasping, greedy, acquisitive, avaritious, covetous.

Ko te hanga mīharo, kāore rātou i te whai wāhi mai i runga anō i te wairua hao, arā, kāore rātou i tohutohu mai kia aukatihia ētahi atu whakahaere kei te hiahia tautoko i te Tau (HM 1/1995:10). / The amazing thing is that they had no desire to be covetous, that is they did not make the stipulation to restrict other ventures wanting to support the Year.

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Synonyms: kaiponu, apo, haohao


6. (noun) net.

Ko te hao hopu i ngā īnanga me ngā ngāore, he hiraka mā (HP 1991:17). / The net for catching whitebait and smelt was of white silk.

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Synonyms: kupenga


7. (noun) grasping, grabbing, covetting.

Kei te mārama te kitea atu o te hao a te Pākehā i ngā whenua o ngā Māori (TTR 1990:186). / He can see clearly that the Pākehā covet the lands of the Māori.

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8. (noun) shortfin eel, Anguilla australis - a quite large type of eel, dark olive to olive-green in colour, and whitish-grey to silvery ventrally. Widespread in lowland fresh waterways. Usually nocturnal and lives under cover of overhanging rocks and debris. Caught in a hīnaki.

Nō te tau 1965 ka kōrero te kaumātua rā a Tame Saunders mō ngā momo tuna heke, rere kotahi katoa ai tēnā momo tuna, tēnā momo tuna, tēnā momo tuna: tuatahi ko ngā hao (30 henemita te roa), whai muri ko ngā riko (he kākāriki te tuarā, kotahi mita te roa), ngā paranui (he pango te tae, he kiri mātotoru), kātahi ngā tuna kōkopu (tae ki te 1.8 mita te roa, hāwhe koma-mano te taumaha) (Te Ara 2013). / Tame Saunders, an elder, described in 1965 how the different types of eels came down in the same order: first the hao (king eels, about 30 centimetres long), then the riko (greenish-backed eels, about a metre long), then the paranui (dark, with thick skins), and finally the kōkopu tuna (up to 1.8 metres long and weighing just under 30 kilograms).

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See also matamoe

Synonyms: hikumutu, takotowhenua, tuna hinahina, putu, tuna, tuna heke, matamoe, papakura, aopori

haupū

1. (verb) (-ria,-tia) to place in a heap, gather into a heap.

I maharatia he pīwa, otirā i te taenga ki ngā rā mahana kātahi tērā ka matemate te tāngata, me te rango mate e haupū ana i ngā huanui, tē taea te tanu (TWMNT 22/3/1879:354). / It was thought that it was a fever, but when the warm days arrived then many people died and the dead were pilled up on the roads, they were unable to bury them.

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Synonyms: haipū


2. (verb) to lie in a heap.

Ka haupū te kupenga tawhito ki uta, ki ngā parenga o ngā wai tauraki ai ki te rā, ka maroke, ka pakapaka (TP 1/1/1901:6). / The old net lies in a heap on the shore and on the banks of streams to dry in the sun. It dries out and is baked.

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Synonyms: kāike, pūhangaiti, kāika, tihi, putu, whakaputu, pūkei, pūranga, , pūkai, haipū, pīhangaiti, tāwhetawheta, tāwheta, kāuki


3. (noun) heap, stack, pile.

Monemone noa ngā haupū papa o te mira kani rākau i Te Kōpuru, i Te Wairoa, Kaipara (KO 15/9/1883:2). / The stacks of timber of the sawmill at Te Kōpuru, Te Wairoa, Kaipara, were completely destroyed.

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Synonyms: tōhīanga, purawhetū, kauika, whakapū, whakaputu, whakarae, kōputu, pūhanga, pūkei, putunga, whakarauika, whakapipi, whārona, pūkai, taipū, whakaputunga, pūkainga


4. (noun) fund.

He mihi ake nō mātou ki tō whakaaturanga mai i te haupū moni mō ngā pīhopa e rua (KO 15/6/1885:4). / We thank you for informing us of the fund of money for the two bishops.

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hiato

1. (verb) to be gathered together.

Kua hiato mai ngā kōrero pūtea katoa ki te pūrongo ā-tau (PK 2008:106). / All the financial statements were gathered together in the annual report.

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2. (modifier) gathered together, composite.

Nō Oketopa, i whakatūria a ia hei kāpara iti mō te rōpū kōpapa tohu hiato (TTR 2000:160). / In October he was promoted to lance corporal for the Composite Signal Depot.

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hui

1. (verb) (-a) to gather, congregate, assemble, meet.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 122-128;)

Kua karangatia tēnei komiti kia hui anō ki te tari i Nēpia (TTT 1/7/1927:626). / This committee has been called to meet again at the office in Napier.

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Synonyms: tūtataki, whakatūtaki, tūtaki, porotūtataki, porotūtaki, tūtakitaki, karahui, whakatūtataki, huihui, pūtahi


2. (noun) gathering, meeting, assembly, seminar, conference.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 122-128;)

Ki te haere ia ki ngā hui, me mau te tangata i tōna ake tauera (TTT 1/11/1927:686). / If he goes to gatherings a person should take his own towel.

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Synonyms: wānanga, tūtaki, tūtakitanga, whakamenenga, huihuinga, huinga

Hui Aranga

1. (noun) an annual gathering of Māori Roman Catholic followers held at Easter on different marae and venues each year for cultural, sporting and religious activities.

huihui

1. (verb) (-a,-tia) to put or add together, come together, meet, gather, assemble, congregate.

He tini noa ngā tāngata Māori i kitea ki Pikopiko e huihui ana, he mahara pea he huaki tā te Pākehā (TWM 6/2/1864:3). / Many Māori were seen gathering at Pikopiko, perhaps expecting an attack by the Pākehā

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Synonyms: āpiti, tūtakitaki, karahui, whakatūtataki, hui, tūtaki, tūtataki, whakatūtaki, porotūtaki, porotūtataki, pūtahi


2. (noun) assembly, group, constellation.

Tākina mai rā ngā huihui o Matariki, Puanga, Tautoru, ka ngaro Atutahi māna e whakarewa te tini whetū riki ka rewa kei runga (TJ 11/5/1899:4). / The constellations of the Pleiades, Rigel, Orion rise and Canopus disappears and elevates the many small stars suspended above.

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huihuinga

1. (noun) gathering, crowd, meeting, assembly.

E hia nei ngā huihuinga, i whiriwhirihia ai te kōrero mō te hohou rongo (TTR 1990:245). / There were many meetings where peacemaking negotiations took place.

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Synonyms: tūtaki, tūtakitanga, whakamenenga, hui, huinga

kāpunipuni

1. (verb) to gather, assemble, congregate.

Kāti, e Mate, haere rā i tō tira mokemoke ki tō tāua tini, ki tō tāua mano e kāpunipuni mai rā i te haumūmūtanga o te tangata, haere atu rā (HM 4/2009:4). / Well, Mate, go with your lonely travelling party to our many ancestors gathered in silence, farewell.

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2. (noun) assembly, gathering place.

Hoki atu rā koutou ki te kāpunipuni o te wairua. / You return to the gathering place of the spirit.

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karapinepine

1. (verb) to gather together, assemble.

Ka karapinepine te tini me te mano ki te marae, ka mutu he huihuinga nō ngā iwi maha kīhai i kitea mō te wā roa (Te Ara 2015). / Hundreds and thousands gathered at the marae, not for a long time had such a large pan-tribal gathering been seen.

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kohi

1. (verb) (-a) to collect, gather together.

Makaia ai ngā purapura ki roto i te awa kia kuhu tahi me ngā wātakirihi, hei te wā e hauhakea ai he huaranga kau i ngā pūtake o ngā wātakirihi e kohia ana (TP 10/1909:4). / Place the tubers in the stream to join with the watercress, and at the time of harvest, transplant the roots of the watercress you are collecting.

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kohikohi

1. (verb) (-a) to collect, gather together.

Ka kitea e ia te wāhi, arā, te urupā o Te Kooti, ā, ka riro māna tonu e hahu, e kohikohi ngā wheua, ā, māna e hari atu ki Tūranga (TTT 1/3/1924:12). / He found the place, that is the burial place of Te Kooti, and it would be for him to disinter and collect the bones and he would take them to Gisborne.

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kura

1. (verb) (-ina,-ngia) to be educated, schooled, attending school.

He aha te pai kia kurangia ko ngā tāne anake, ā kia kura kore ngā taitamāhine? (HKW 8/1898:2) / What’s the good in only teaching the boys and letting the girls be uneducated?

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2. (noun) school, education, learning gathering.

E kīia ana e haere ana a Marietoa ki Poihākena ki te whakaoti i tōna kura (TP 8/1899 suppl:2). / They say that Maliatoa is going to Sydney to complete his education.

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Synonyms: tuihana, whare kura, akoranga, wharekura

mahinga kai

1. (noun) garden, cultivation, food-gathering place.

Ko ngā otaota hoki o ngā pāmu kua maroke rawa atu, ānō he mea tahu ki te ahi. Waihoki me ngā tāngata Māori e auhi ana ki ā rātou mahinga kai (KO 15/1/1886:3). / And the grass of the farms has dried off completely as if it was burnt with fire. In addition the Māori people are distressed about their gardens.

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mene

1. (verb) to be assembled, gather.

Ko te tino hiahia hoki, kia puta atu ngā kōrero katoa a ō koutou tūpuna kua mene ki te pō (TTT 1/11/1930:2189). / And the main wish is to publish all the narratives of your ancestors who have gathered in the world of death.

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