whenua
1. (noun) land - often used in the plural.
E mea atu ana ahau ki a koutou me whakawhirinaki tātou ki a Tā Āpirana Ngata. Ka taea e ia te wetewete ngā powhiwhi e pā ana ki ngā whenua Māori (TTT 1/3/1929:940). / I am saying to you all that we should rely on Sir Āpirana Ngata. He will be able to unravel the complications concerning Māori lands.
E nui ana te whakaaro o te tangata Māori ki tōna whenua. E tika ana hoki. Ko te matua tērā i tupu ai te oranga mōna, inā hoki, te kōrero onamata 'Ko Rongomātāne, ko Haumia-tiketike i oma ki te whenua.' (TKP 17/9/1857:2). / The Māori person had great respect for his land. And that is appropriate. It is the source that provides sustenance for him because the traditional saying is 'Rongomātāne (atua of cultivated food) and Haumia-tiketike (atua of uncultivated food) fled to the land.'
2. (noun) country, land, nation, state.
Ko ngā Kōtimana e noho ana i Rānana i nui kē ake i ō rātou tāngata e noho ana i tō rātou whenua tupu, i te Pā i Erinipara (TW 11/9/1875:209). / The Scottish people living in London are more numerous than the people living in the City of Edinburgh in their own land.
Synonyms: iwi, kīngitanga, tuawhenua, taiwhenua, motu, oneone, uta
3. (noun) ground.
Kua hōhonu ki te whenua ngā pakiaka o te rākau e kore e taea te huhuti (TWM 17/7/1869:1). / The roots of the tree are deep into the ground and cannot be pulled out.
4. (noun) territory, domain.
Haere mai ki Rotorua, te whenua o Ngāti Whakaue, moana kau (TWMNT 24/2/1874:45). / Welcome to Rotorua, the domain of Ngāti Whakaue, which is principally lake.
5. (noun) placenta, afterbirth.
Kāore i roa i muri mai i te whānautanga ka puta mai te whenua (PK 2008:1170). / Not long after the birth the placenta appeared.
mana whenua
1. (noun) territorial rights, power from the land, authority over land or territory, jurisdiction over land or territory - power associated with possession and occupation of tribal land. The tribe's history and legends are based in the lands they have occupied over generations and the land provides the sustenance for the people and to provide hospitality for guests.
(Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 6;)
Ko au nei te mōrehu kaumātua o roto o taua hapū e ora nei, nō Ngāti Hikawera hoki te mana whenua e mau nei ki a mātau i roto i ēnei rā (TPH 6/8/1904:4). / I am the surviving elder of that subtribe and Ngāti Hikawera also has authority over the land which we hold today.
See also mana
2. (intransitive verb) to be barren, infertile, unproductive (of land).
He pāhoahoa te whenua: he ruarua nga mea e tipu i reira (Ng 1993:453). / The land was infertile: few things would grow there.
3. (noun) headache, giddiness, stupor.
Tino pāngia ana a Tūheka e te mate pāhoahoa, e te haumaruru hoki. Ki te whakapono o te whānau, he paihana kāhetia nōna i te pakanga te take i pāngia a ia e te mate (TTR 2000:73). / Tūheka suffered severe headaches and mood swings, which the family believed were the effects of gas poisoning during the war (DNZB 2000:218).
tauranga
1. (noun) resting place, anchorage, fishing ground, place to land, mooring, landing pad, terminal.
Kei te mōhio katoa rātau ki ngā tauranga tāmure, tauranga tarakihi, tauranga hāpuku me ērā atu ika o te moana (TWK 54:3). / They know all the fishing grounds for snapper, tarakihi, groper and those other fish of the sea.
Synonyms: tumu herenga waka, pou herenga waka, herenga waka, taunga, okiokinga
ipukarea
1. (noun) ancestral home, homeland, native land, inherited land - significant water or geographical feature of a tribe's homeland relating to the tribe's identity and the source of their livelihood. Describes a body of water within a vessel, a place that represents the history and emotional attachment of the tribe, a place central to the identity of the people where they can go to be rejuvenated, a place that represents the hopes and aspirations of the people, the lifegiving waters from which they drink. It is also the place associated with significant battles of the tribe and where the bones of their ancestors lie. As an example, Lake Waikaremoana is the ipukarea of Ngāi Tūhoe.
Ka whakahokahokai anō au kia topa iho i te ipukarea a Kahumatamomoe ki te riu o te waka Te Arawa (Wh4 2004:201). / I stretch out to soar down the ancestral homeland of Kahumatamomoe to the bilge of the Te Arawa canoe.
See also Ipukarea, Te
ū
1. (verb) (-ngia) to land (a vessel), reach the land, arrive by water, strike home (of weapons or blows).
Ka ū a Tamatea ki uta, ka hikaia tōna ahi, ka tahuna te whenua (TPH 26/10/1898:5). / When Tamatea came ashore he kindled his fire and burnt the ground.
See also ūranga
2. (verb) to be firm, fixed, resolute, unyielding.
Kātahi ka riringi ki roto i ngā pātara, kia ū te pangu, ka whītikia ki te tuaina (TJ 8/12/1898:7). / Then pour it into bottles, put in the bungs and tie them down with twine.
Synonyms: rae pakari, ngākau titikaha, manawa rahi, pūtohe, niwha, kiriūka, manawanui, marohi, mārohirohi, titikaha, whakakiriūka, pikoni, pūkeke, aumangea, pukunanaiore, tōkeke
3. (verb) to comply.
Ko te mea rerekē o ēneki rā, kua rahi ake ngā mahi whakahaere me te ū ki ngā ture (RT 2013:96). / The difference these days is that there are more organisational tasks and compliance with the laws.
wāhi whenua
1. (noun) land block, section of land.
Nā te kaitohutohu a Te Rata, nā Hōne Ōmipi, i tango mai tētehi wāhi whenua, 10 eka te rahi mō Te Rata i te tahataha rāwhiti o te awa o Waikato (TTR 1996:228). / Te Rata's adviser, John Ormsby, purchased a land block of 10 acres for Te Rata on the east bank of the Waikato River.
take whenua
1. (noun) land claim, land right.
Kua kite a Te Rangitāke, he mahi mūrere nā te kāwanatanga ki te mana whenua o Te Āti Awa ki ō rātou whenua i Waitara. Mahue te waiho mā rātou anō e whakatau ngā take whenua i runga i ngā tikanga nō mai rā anō, ka auwaha kē mai te kāwanatanga (TTR 1990:290). / Te Rangitāke had seen the cunning activities by the government with Te Āti Awa land rights at Waitara. The government interfered with their rights to make their own decisions according to their own established procedures regarding their land rights.
pae whenua
1. (noun) ridge of hills, horizon.
Ka rere mai a Kuki i Tahiti, ā, nō te whitu o ngā rā o Oketopa ka kitea e Nicholas Young te pae whenua i tapaia rā ko 'Young Nick's Head', kei te rohe o Tūranga (TWK 19:17). / Cook sailed from Tahiti and on 7th of October Nicholas Young saw the ridge of hills that were named 'Young Nick's Head', in the Gisborne area.
Synonyms: miki
2. (noun) land line, land boundary.
Ko te take he tautohe i ngā kerēme a te hoangangare nei, a Ngāi Tai ki te rāwhiti. Noho ake he pae whenua tahi tō ngā iwi nei (TTR 1994:5). / The dispute was over the claims of this enemy, Ngāi Tai in the east, was a boundary line which sat between these two tribes.
Kōti Whakawā Whenua Māori
1. (loan) Native Land Court, Māori Land Court.
Synonyms: Kōti Whenua Māori
pou whenua
1. (noun) post marker of ownership, boundary marker, land marker post, land symbol of support - post placed prominently in the ground to mark possession of an area or jurisdiction over it.
Ko ngā pou whenua tēnei i tukua e ngā iwi nōna aua whenua ki raro i te Kīngitanga o Pōtatau (TMP 25/7/1893:3). / These are the land symbols of support for those lands that had been placed by the tribes under King Pōtatau's protection.
Kohi: Ko te kūrae i waho o Whakatāne, i te taha rāwhiti. He pou whenua kārangaranga nō tērā takutai, e kaha ana te haere i roto i ngā waiata (M 2004:358). / Kohi: The headland outside of Whakatāne on the eastern side. It is a well-known landmark of that coast, and it is often quoted in songs.
Synonyms: pouwhenua
eke
1. (verb) (-a,-ngia,-tia) to get on, embark, board (a vessel), mount (a horse, vehicle, etc.), ride, accede - generally to place on something else.
I eke ia ki runga i te iata o tōna hoa, ka haere ki te whakarērere i te moana; ko te putanga o te pūrekereke hau, whati tonu atu te maihe o te kaipuke, ka hinga ki te moana (TP 1/6/1901:7). / He embarked on his friend's yacht and went to sail about on the ocean; a gust of wind blew and the mast of the ship snapped and fell into the sea.
See also eke hōiho
Synonyms: whakaae
2. (verb) (-a,-ngia,-tia) to come in to land, reach, beach, land and settle.
Ka eke a Whata ki runga ki tēnei whenua noho ai (JPS 1906:61). / Whata landed on this land to live.
3. (verb) (-a,-ngia,-tia) to climb, ascend.
Ko tētahi maunga tino tiketike rawa ko Irihia; e rua rā tūturu e piki ana ka eketia ai te tihi (JPS 1927:350). / There was a very high mountain called Irihia, and ascending to the summit took two full days of climbing.
4. (verb) to rise (as a star, etc.).
5. (verb) to rise in swellings.
He mate pukupuku, ka papauku katoa te kiri, he eke nō te kiri (W 1971:261). / A cutaneous disease, covering all the skin, and having swellings of the skin.
6. (verb) (-a,-ngia,-tia) to achieve, manage to reach, attain.
Ka mea anō a Tāwhaki ki a rātau, “Ee, kei te wene koutou kei eke te toru rau i a au! Kāti noa te harawene, e hoa mā!” (TAH 35:20) / Tāwhaki said to them, “Hey, you are all jealous that I might manage three hundred! Stop being jealous, my friends!”
Synonyms: tutuki
7. (verb) (-a,-ngia,-tia) to exercise over, control, subject to, liable to.
I nāianei ki te whakaritea ngā kawenga a te ture i whakaae ai ki runga ki ō tātau whenua, kāore rawa e tata atu ki te taimaha o ngā kawenga kei runga i ngā whenua Pākehā. Ko ngā whenua papatipu kāore e eketia e te reiti (TTT 1/7/1922:8). / Currently, if the legal liabilities that are authorised on our lands are compared, the burden is nowhere near as heavy as it is on Pākehā properties. Māori land held under customary title is not subject to rates.
8. (noun) riding, embarking, boarding (a vessel), mounting (a horse, vehicle, etc.).
E hia kē nei ngā mētara me ngā paraihe i riro mai i a ia mō te whutupaoro, mō te eke paihikara, mō te mekemeke me ērā atu whakataetae (TTR 1996:202). / He won many medals and trophies in football, cycling, boxing and other sports.
whakaea
1. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to avenge, bring to fruition, realise (an ambition, etc.).
I tū tētehi parekura nui whakaharahara noa atu mō tēnei mōkai; i tino mate rawa atu ngā uri o Tū-a-Rotorua i ngā uri o Tama-te-kapua; nā ana uri anō i whakaea te matenga o ngā uri o Tū-a-Rotorua (JPS 1909:205). / A great battle was fought on account of this pet; and the descendants of Tū-a-Rotorua were heavily defeated by the descendants of Tama-te-kapua, and it was his descendants also who avenged the defeat of the descendants of Tū-a-Rotorua.
2. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to pay for, recompense, repay.
Tino kore nei e taea e te kupu te whakaea ngā manaaki i uhia mai ki runga i te pahī a te Taura Whiri (HM 4/1994:3). / Words can never repay the hospitality bestowed on the Māori Language Commission's party.
3. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to settle, discharge (a debt).
Me aro te Kāwanatanga ki te hanga huarahi hei whakaea i ngā nawe (RT 2013:106). / The Government should consider building a road to settle the grievances.
Synonyms: pūwhenua, noho, nohonoho, whakanoho, whakatatū, whakatau, whakamāhaki, whakataiwhenua, tatū, tau
4. (verb) to come to land, landing up, make landfall.
Ka pūhia haeretia e te hau, rawaki rawa ake te hau, ka aua atu ki te moana tuauri rere ai; ka āpitia e te kohu au moana, ka oti atu ki te moana tere ai, whakaea rawa atu ko Rangiātea (JPS 1928:178). / They were blown away by the wind, and when the wind finally subsided they were sailing far out in the open ocean, and when in addition a sea-mist was encountered, they ended up drifting on the open sea, eventually landing up at Rangiātea.
5. (verb) to be prominent.
He iwi rerekē atu i te Māori te whakatipu, arā he iwi roroa te tū o te tangata, he akaaka te āhua o te tū, he nunui ngā iwi, he uru tōtika, he mārō ngā huruhuru, he paraha te kanohi, he wharewhare ngā tukemata, he mata ngārara ngā whatu, he paruhi te ihu, ko te pongare anake o te ihu i whakaea (JPS 1928:187). / They were a people differing from the Māori in physique, that is to say, a tall, slim-built people, having big bones, straight and hard hair, flat faces, over-hanging eyebrows, restless eyes, and flat noses where only the nostrils of the nose appeared.
Synonyms: koutu, koure, whakarae, whakahī, kōhure, hōhō, ahurei, tutū, matararahi, tāpua
6. (verb) to appear above the surface, come up for air, surface for air.
Ka oma mai Wheke-a-Muturangi; whakaea rawa mai te manawa (M 2007:6). / Te Wheke-a-Muturangi fled here, surfacing for air.
7. (verb) to draw breath, breathe.
Ko te uma o te kōtiro e ka whakaea, ānō he hone moana āio i te waru e ūkura ana hoki i te tōanga o te rā, ka rite ki te kiri o tuawahine (NM 1928:58). / The girl's breast, oh when she breathed it was like the calm ocean swell in the eighth month (January) and the glowing of the setting of the sun was like the skin of our heroine.
whakauruwhenua
1. (verb) to perform karakia to preserve title to land, before entering a tribal territory, or for acquiring land title - often also involves leaving leaves and sprigs of greenery at particular landmarks.
Ehara i te tino noho tupu; he haere nō mātou ki reira, ki ērā whenua o mātou, whakauruwhenua ai, i te mea hoki, he tikanga tēnei nō ō mātou tūpuna iho, arā, ka noho mātou i tētahi wāhi o ō mātou whenua, ā, ka heke te iwi ki tētahi wāhi noho ai, ngaki ai, kia mau ai te mana o ō mātou whenua i a mātou, kia kā tonu ai ā mātou ahi i te nuku o ō mātou whenua, kei riro aua whenua i ētahi iwi kē (TAH 52:43). / It was not our permanent residence; we went there, to those lands of ours, to preserve our title to the land, because this was a custom of our ancestors, that is, we stayed for a while in one part of our territory and then the tribe shifted to another place, living there and cultivating our gardens so that the mana of our land would be retained by us, so that our fires would stay alight throughout our lands to prevent them being taken by other tribes.
tuku whenua
1. (noun) gifting land, ceding land.
He maha anō ngā āhua tuku whenua: 1. He ngakinga ā-mate; 2. He pākūhā; 3. He kaihaukai. 4. He whanaunga i tono kāinga, mahinga kai rānei (TPH 30/8/1902:3). / There are many reasons for gifting land: 1. Seeking revenge for a death; 2. A betrothal gift; 3. A gift in reciprocity; 4. A relative who has requested a home or an area for cultivating food.
See also tuku
whenua papatupu
1. (noun) land held under customary title, ancestral land - the base upon which the hapū was nurtured.
Ka hangaia he whare mōna i runga i ōna whenua papatupu i Maungaroa, e tūtata atu ana ki Te Kaha (TTR 1996:58). / A house was built for her on her ancestral land at Maungaroa, near Te Kaha.
See also whenua papatipu
Synonyms: whenua papatipu
2. (personal noun) Land Wind, Land Breeze.
Ko te Rangi tō tātou matua, nāna hoki i homai i ōna uri, i a Hauwhenua, i a Haumāringiringi, i a Haumārotoroto, i a Tōuarangi, i a Tōmairangi (NM 1928:9). / Rangi (the sky) is our father, who gave his offspring, Hauwhenua (land breeze), Haumāringiringi (mist), Haumārotoroto (heavy dew), Tōuarangi (rain) and Tōmairangi (moisture).
