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Loan words

Historical loan words

pūkonohi

1. (noun) eye.

Te āhua o te ika nei i rite ki te whai, kei Wairarapa ki Porirua ki Muaupoko, kei Taranaki ki Hikurangi ko ngā paihau, kei Karamaina ko te waero, kei Ngāti Whātua heke atu ki te hiku, kei Taupō ko te pūkonohi, kei Heretaunga nei ko Te Matau-a-Māui (TTT 1/1/1925:158). / The form of this fish is like a stingray, at Wairarapa to Porirua is Muaupoko, at Taranaki to Hikurangi are the fins, at Coromandel is the tail and Ngāti Whātua descends down to the tail, at Taupō is the eye and at Heretaunga is Te Matau-a-Māui (Māui's fish-hook).

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2. (noun) bud, eye (of a potato).

He parareka kainga nā te ngārara tuia, me ringiringi ki te wai, me kore tētahi pūkonohi e ora hei putanga ake mō tētahi matatipu (W 1971:307). / Potato eaten by grubs should be placed in water in case an eye might survive for a shoot to emerge.

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karu

1. (noun) eye.

E ai ki ngā kōrero i whakapurua e Te Whānau-a-Apanui ngā karu o te papa angaanga o tana matua, o Te Pori-o-te-rangi, ki te harare pūwhero (TTR 1990:276). / It is said that Te Whānau-a-Apanui plugged up the eye sockets of the skull of her father, Te Pori-o-te-rangi, with red sealing wax.

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2. (noun) eyeball.

pūkanohi

1. (noun) eye.

He nui ngā pūkanohi o te ruru (Te Ara 2014). / The eyes of New Zealand’s native owl are large.

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2. (noun) knot (in timber).

Kāore tēnei rākau e pai hei poupou, he nui rawa nō ngā pūkanohi. / This wood isn't suitable for carved posts because there are too many knots.

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Synonyms: pūpeka, pūmanga

konohi

1. (noun) eye - eastern dialect variation of kanohi.

Ko ngā āhua o taku mate, he ngongoro, he heke te kea, he mate ngā konohi, kua āhua kāpō haere (HP 1991:18). / The symptoms of my illness were snoring, discharge from the ears, and problems with the deteriorating eyesight.

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See also kanohi


2. (noun) face - eastern dialect variation of kanohi.

Ko ngā tohutohu hoki ki a mātau mō ngā wā whēnei, kia tere tonu te tāpapa ki raro, kaua te konohi e anga whakarunga, engari me mau tonu ki te whenua (HP 1991:184). / And the instruction we had been given for situations like this was to lie flat down quickly on the ground, face down and not for the face to turn upwards.

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See also kanohi

kanohi hōmiromiro

1. (noun) someone with an eye for detail, someone with keen eyesight, sharp sighted, sharp-eye, eagle-eye - a saying based on the observation that the hōmiromiro (tomtit) has keen eyesight and watches for its food on the ground and on trunks of trees, etc.

Kīia ai te tangata karu tore, ‘he kanohi hōmiromiro’ (Te Ara 2015). / A sharp-eyed person is called a 'kanohi hōmiromiro’ (tomtit eyes).

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mātangata

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

Synonyms: karahiwa, karariwha, kararuri, kawari, koeo, koeti, koio, kōrama, korohiwa, korona, kororiwha, kūpā, marapeka, matamatangongo, kōramu, matapura, tōrire, hānea, kurewha, tākupu, pipi taiari, rehoreho, rereho, taiwhatiwhati, takarape, tanetane, tāwiri, torewai, tungangi, uere, wētiwha, whētikotiko, karahū, pure, tairaki, pipi tairaki, kuharu, kūkuku, kukupati, pūkanikani, papahurihuri, poua, rerekākara, toitoi, tio, tikoaka, toheroa, tuangi, tuangi haruru, kaitua, kākara, miware, pūpū, karekawa, koeti, koriakai, kororiwha, matatangata, tōrire, tākupu, rehoreho, takarape, torewai, wahawaha, tohemanga, ngūpara, kūkukuroa, hākari, tio, tuangi haruru, mitimiti, kaitangata, tihi, totoro, toretore, taiawa, tūpere, ngaere, kukupara, ngākihi tea, matangārahu, mimiti, ngaeti, waharoa, pipi, papatai, kōmore, pūkauri, pūpū tuatea, purewha, takai, kahitua, hinangi, pīpipi, poro, ngārahu tatawa, ngārahu taua, peke, ataata, pūpū kōrama, pūpū atamarama, tihipu, tio para, tio repe, tipa, totoro, totorere, tuatua, tupa, ngākihi, ngaingai, kākahi, taiawa, rūharu, tūpere, kuhakuha, ngaere, ngākihi hahae, kukupara, ngākihi awaawa, kuku-mau-toka, niania, matangongore, matangārahu, maurea, karehu, tītiko, ngāruru, ngaeti, papatua, karoro, ururoa, wahanui, ngāeo, pipi, tūteure, ngākihi hiwihiwi, ngākihi kopia, hahari, hohehohe, hūai, kōmore, pātitotito, pātiotio, peraro, pūpū karikawa, pūpū harakeke, pūpū māeneene, pūpū waharoa, pūpū waitai, pūtātara, purewha, pūrimu, ruheruhe, takarepo, tākai, tūroro, piritoka, pōrohe, kahitua, angarite, awatai, hauwai, harihari, hihiwa, hinangi, hoehoe, hopetea, kāeo, whāngai karoro, pīpipi, pūpū rore, pūpū taratara, pāua, poro, tātara, pūpū tarataratea, whētiko

matatangata

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

Synonyms: whētikotiko, waharoa, toheroa, pūkauri, ngākihi tea, ngaingai, kūkukuroa, tūteure, pūpū waharoa, taiawa, miware, mimiti, papatai, tuatua, rerekākara, tihi, ngaere, kōmore, ataata, pūrimu, tūroro, angarite, harihari, hopetea, pūpū rore, poro, pūpū waharoa, ruheruhe, piritoka, angarite, hauwai, hoehoe, whāngai karoro, pāua, whētiko, karahiwa, karariwha, karekawa, kawari, koeo, koeti, koio, kōrama, koriakai, korohiwa, korona, kororiwha, kūpā, matamatangongo, mātangata, kōramu, matapura, tōrire, hānea, kurewha, tākupu, pipi taiari, rereho, taiwhatiwhati, takarape, tanetane, tāwiri, torewai, tungangi, wahawaha, wētiwha, karahū, tohemanga, pure, tairaki, ngūpara, pipi tairaki, kuharu, kūkuku, kukupati, pūkanikani, papahurihuri, hākari, poua, rerekākara, toitoi, tio, tikoaka, toheroa, tuangi, tuangi haruru, kaitua, kākara, miware, mitimiti, pūpū, ngārahu tatawa, ngārahu taua, peke, ataata, kaitangata, pūpū kōrama, pūpū atamarama, tihipu, tihi, tio para, tio repe, tipa, totoro, totorere, tuatua, tupa, toretore, ngākihi, ngaingai, kākahi, rūharu, tūpere, kuhakuha, ngākihi hahae, kukupara, ngākihi awaawa, kuku-mau-toka, niania, matangongore, matangārahu, maurea, karehu, tītiko, ngāruru, ngaeti, karoro, waharoa, ururoa, wahanui, ngāeo, pipi, ngākihi hiwihiwi, ngākihi kopia, papatai, hahari, hohehohe, hūai, kōmore, pātitotito, pātiotio, peraro, pūkauri, pūpū karikawa, pūpū harakeke, pūpū māeneene, pūpū tuatea, pūpū waitai, pūtātara, purewha, pūrimu, ruheruhe, takarepo, takai, tākai, tūroro, piritoka, kararuri, kahitua, angarite, awatai, hauwai, hihiwa, hinangi, hoehoe, hopetea, kāeo, whāngai karoro, pīpipi, pūpū rore, pūpū taratara, pāua, poro, tātara, pūpū tarataratea, whētiko, pōrohe, koio, korona, marapeka, tōrire, rehoreho, tāwiri, uere, pure, kuharu, hākari, tikoaka, kākara, peke, tihipu, totorere, ngākihi, taiawa, ngaere, ngākihi tea, mimiti, papatua, pipi, ngākihi kopia, hūai, pūkauri

pūpū

1. (verb) (-tia) to bundle together, make into bundles.

I tētahi pakanga ki a Whanganui ka pūpūtia e ia ngā monoao, kia pōhēhētia ai he tāngata (M 2004:332). / During a battle against the Whanganui tribes, he bundled up monoao trees so that the heaps would be mistaken for people.

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2. (noun) bundle, bunch.

Kātahi te tangata rā ka hoatu i te pūpū aruhe (JPS 1893:45). / Then that man gave him the bundle of fern-root.

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3. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

He kai ngāwari hoki tērā, te pūpū, ki te mahi (TTT 1/2/1929:933). / Cats eyes are an easy food to produce.

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4. (noun) large trumpet shell, Charonia lampas rubicunda - shell from deep water which is almost white and was used as a trumpet.

Ka pūhia te pūpū e ngā kaipupuhi i te pūpū (Kāretu 2015). / The conch shell was blown by the conch shell blowers.

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See also pūpū tara

Synonyms: awanui, pūpū tara

kaitangata

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

pūpū kōrama

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

pūpū atamarama

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

kōrama

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

Synonyms: karahiwa, karariwha, kararuri, kararuri, karekawa, kawari, koeo, koeo, koeti, koriakai, korona, kūpā, matamatangongo, mātangata, kōramu, tōrire, kurewha, tākupu, rehoreho, taiwhatiwhati, tanetane, tāwiri, torewai, tungangi, wahawaha, whētikotiko, tohemanga, pure, tairaki, ngūpara, pipi tairaki, kuharu, kūkukuroa, pūkanikani, hākari, poua, rerekākara, tio, toheroa, tuangi, kaitua, kākara, mitimiti, ngārahu tatawa, peke, kaitangata, pūpū atamarama, tihipu, tihi, tio para, tio repe, totoro, tuatua, tupa, toretore, ngākihi, ngaingai, taiawa, tūpere, ngaere, kukupara, ngākihi awaawa, kuku-mau-toka, ngākihi tea, matangongore, maurea, mimiti, tītiko, ngaeti, papatua, karoro, waharoa, wahanui, ngāeo, pipi, ngākihi hiwihiwi, ngākihi kopia, hahari, hohehohe, kōmore, pātitotito, peraro, pūkauri, pūpū harakeke, pūpū māeneene, pūpū tuatea, pūpū waitai, purewha, ruheruhe, takai, tūroro, piritoka, pōrohe, kahitua, angarite, awatai, harihari, hinangi, hopetea, kāeo, whāngai karoro, pūpū rore, pūpū taratara, pāua, tātara, whētiko, koio, korohiwa, kororiwha, marapeka, matatangata, matapura, hānea, pipi taiari, rereho, takarape, tāwiri, torewai, uere, wētiwha, karahū, pure, tairaki, ngūpara, pipi tairaki, kūkuku, kukupati, papahurihuri, poua, toitoi, tikoaka, tuangi haruru, miware, pūpū, ngārahu taua, ataata, pūpū kōrama, tihipu, tihi, tio para, tio repe, tipa, totorere, tupa, toretore, ngākihi, kākahi, rūharu, kuhakuha, ngākihi hahae, ngākihi awaawa, kuku-mau-toka, niania, matangārahu, karehu, ngāruru, papatua, karoro, ururoa, ngāeo, tūteure, papatai, hūai, pātiotio, pūpū karikawa, pūpū māeneene, pūpū waharoa, pūtātara, pūrimu, takarepo, tākai, piritoka, pōrohe, kahitua, angarite, hauwai, hihiwa, hoehoe, kāeo, pīpipi, pūpū taratara, poro, pūpū tarataratea

ataata

1. (noun) shadow, reflection.

I te taenga o te ope taua ki tētehi kāinga ka whiua e te tangata whenua he kai mā te ope, ā, e tata ana te ope te matika atu ki te kai, ka tau te ataata o Hae ki runga i ngā kai. Tapu tonu atu ngā kai rā, ā, kua kore e pai hei kai (NIT 1995:239). / When the war party arrived at a village the local people placed food out for the visitors, and just as they were about to eat, Hae's shadow fell on the food. The food immediately became tapu and was no longer fit to eat.

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Synonyms: whakaatanga, whakaahuatanga, whakaata, ata, kōruru, taumaru, taumarumaru, atarau, whakamomoka, whakamokamoka, maru, ātārangi


2. (noun) video.

Ko te wairuatoa tērā engari ko te waimarie i mau i a rātou ō rātou tīpuna e kōrero ana, e waiata ana ki te rīpene me te ataata, ā, mā te āta tātari pea i ērā ka paku pahawa tētahi punua ora nei (HM 3/1998). / That's unlucky but the fortunate thing is that they captured their ancestors talking on tape and video and by carefully sifting through those perhaps some benefit will be gained.

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3. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

kōramu

1. (noun) winkle, common cat's eye, cat's eye turban shell, Turbo smaragdus - a  univalve mollusc common on rocks between tides, the shell is dark, heavy and smooth, and has an eye-like operculum. Lives on the tiny young seaweeds on the rocks. A favourite traditional food of Māori.

See also pūpū

Synonyms: takarape, torewai, wahawaha, karahū, tairaki, kūkuku, pūkanikani, poua, toitoi, tikoaka, toheroa, kaitua, mitimiti, ngārahu taua, kaitangata, tihi, tipa, tuatua, ngākihi, kākahi, tūpere, kukupara, ngākihi tea, matangārahu, karehu, ngāruru, papatua, ururoa, tūteure, ngākihi kopia, hohehohe, pātitotito, pūkauri, pūpū harakeke, pūpū tuatea, pūpū waitai, pūrimu, takarepo, piritoka, pōrohe, kahitua, angarite, hauwai, harihari, hihiwa, hinangi, hopetea, pīpipi, pāua, pūpū tarataratea, kararuri, koeti, koriakai, kororiwha, matatangata, hānea, rehoreho, toheroa, tuangi haruru, miware, pūpū, ngārahu tatawa, peke, ataata, pūpū atamarama, tihipu, tio repe, totorere, tuatua, toretore, ngākihi, kākahi, taiawa, rūharu, kuhakuha, ngākihi hahae, kukupara, kuku-mau-toka, niania, matangongore, maurea, karehu, tītiko, ngaeti, papatua, waharoa, wahanui, pipi, ngākihi hiwihiwi, ngākihi kopia, hahari, hohehohe, toitoi, tikoaka, tuangi, kākara, pūpū, peke, pūpū kōrama, tio para, totoro, tupa, ngaingai, taiawa, ngaere, ngākihi awaawa, matangongore, mimiti, tītiko, ngaeti, karoro, ngāeo, ngākihi hiwihiwi, papatai, hūai, pātiotio, pūkauri, pūpū harakeke, pūpū māeneene, pūpū waharoa, pūtātara, ruheruhe, takai, tākai, pōrohe, kahitua, awatai, harihari, hihiwa, hinangi, hopetea, whāngai karoro, pūpū taratara, tātara, kōmore, peraro, pūpū karikawa, pūpū harakeke, pūpū tuatea, pūpū waitai, purewha, ruheruhe, takarepo, tūroro, pōrohe, kahitua, angarite, hauwai, harihari, hihiwa, hinangi, hoehoe, kāeo, pūpū rore, poro, kawari, whētiko, kōrama, korona, matamatangongo, tōrire, tākupu, taiwhatiwhati, tāwiri, uere, wētiwha, pure, pipi tairaki, kūkukuroa, papahurihuri, karahiwa, karariwha, karekawa, kawari, koeo, koio, kōrama, koriakai, korohiwa, korona, kororiwha, kūpā, marapeka, mātangata, matapura, hānea, kurewha, tākupu, pipi taiari, rehoreho, rereho, taiwhatiwhati, takarape, tanetane, tāwiri, tungangi, uere, wahawaha, wētiwha, whētikotiko, tohemanga, pure, tairaki, ngūpara, kuharu, kūkuku, kūkukuroa, kukupati, hākari, poua, rerekākara, tio, tikoaka

whatu

1. (noun) eye, pupil of the eye, anchor, kernel (of fruit).

Ina rā, te pūhutihuti me te mā o ngā makawe, te kikorangi o ngā whatu, te tāroaroa o te hanga, te paipa i te waha, he pāhau te kanohi, me tana kāmeta mau haere tonu e pūhia ana e te hau kaha o Pōneke (TTR 1996:188). / Tall, bearded, with a shock of white hair and blue eyes, pipe in mouth, ever-present scarf flicking about in Wellington's stiffer breezes, he was instantly recognisable (DNZB 1996:493).

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Synonyms: kau o te kanohi


2. (noun) hailstone, hail.

Nō te 10 o ngā rā o te marama nei i te rua o ngā hāora o te awatea, ka ua tētahi ua, 10 meneti i ua ai. Kātahi ka rere he whatu (he nganga ki ētahi reo) (TKO 1/11/1917:9). / On the 10th of this month at 2 pm, it rained for 10 minutes. Then some hail fell.

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See also ua whatu, nganga


3. (noun) initiation stone - a stone swallowed by the pupil (tauira) during his initiation as a tohunga.

Ko te whatu he kōhatu, ko te kōhatu, arā ko te hira o te hua rākau, o te karaka, etc. Ko te whatu e whāngaitia ana ki te tauira ako i te mahi tohunga; ka waiho hei ingoa mō te tauira (M 2006:198). / The 'whatu' is a stone and 'kōhatu' is the used for the abundance of fruit, of the karaka tree, etc. A stone (whatu) was fed to the scholar in priestly activities; and as a result it was used as a name for the scholar.

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4. (noun) stone.

Ko te whatu i te pou tuarongo te wāhi tapu, ko te Kura a Tangaroa, he kōwhatu āhua pūwhero nei, he kōwhatu nō te kei o 'Kurahaupō' (JPS 1925:307). / The stone deposited at the rear post of the house marked the tapu spot and it was the Kura a Tangaroa. It was a reddish stone, being a stone belonging to the stern of 'Kurahaupō'.

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5. (noun) rāhui stone - a stone invested by the tohunga with powers for rendering a rāhui effective. Karakia are recited and the whatu is hidden away from the pou rāhui.

kupi

1. (verb) to shut (the eyes), screw up (the eyes) - shut them so hard that the skin wrinkles up around them.

Ka noho rāua, noho mataku i tō rāua mōhio āe, kua mate rāua i te wheke nei. Ka kupi ō rāua kanohi. I te roanga haere, ka wāta oho ō rāua kanohi (TWK 17:26). / The two of them sat there in fear because they knew that for sure, they would be killed by the octopus. They screwed up their eyes. After a long time they slowly opened their eyes.

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2. (stative) to cover.

Kupi tonu te rangi i te pōkēao. Kua pōuri kē (TWK 18). / The sky was completely covered with dark clouds. It was already dark.

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kōnewhanewha

1. (verb) to close the eyes gradually, look through narrowed eyes, squint.

Ka kōnewhanewha aku kanohi (W 1971:134). / My eyes gradually closed.

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2. (modifier) closing eyes, through narrowing eyes, squinting.

Titiro kōnewhanewha atu ngā kanohi, ka kite i te poti kua tae mai ki a ia (THM 1/4/1888:4). / He looked through closing eyes and saw the boat coming towards him.

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papahewa

1. (noun) eye disease, glaucoma, tender eyed.

He papahewa ngā kanohi o Rea (PT Kenehi 29:17). / Le'ah was tender eyed.

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1. (verb) (-hia,-ia) to slight, take no notice of, ignore, disregard, pay no attention to.

Kia puta noa te rongo kua patua he ihorei, kua whakamaniorotia, kua pīhia rānei tētahi taha e tētahi, ka kaha kē atu te tutū o te puehu (TTR 1990:297). / Whenever a major chief was killed or insults made or one side was slighted by the other, fighting intensified.

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Synonyms: whakaturi, whātuturi, whakatuturi, whakangongo


2. (noun) corner of the eye or mouth, eye.

He toretore kei te pī o te karu (PK 2008:630). / There's inflammation at the corner of the eye.
Ahakoa e kōrero ana taua koroua, e aha ana rānei, he hikareti kei te pī o te waha, he mea nāna tonu i pōkai (HJ 2012:262). / Whether that elderly man is talking, or whatever, there is a cigarette in the corner of his mouth, one that he has rolled himself.

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kanae

1. (modifier) stare wildly, restless (of eyes).

He matika te tū o te tangata, ko ngā whatu he whatu kanae (JPS 1922:17). / The men were of upright carriage and the eyes were restless.

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2. (noun) grey mullet, Mugil cephalus - an olive-grey fish, silvery grey to white below. Body elongate with a small head. Found in coastal and estuarine waters of the North Island.

Pai noa iho te toro o te kupenga e rua tekau mā rima iāri ki tērā taha o te awa, hai hopu kanae i ngā pō (HP 1991:17). / Stretching the net twenty-five yards to the other side of the river to catch grey mullet at night was quite easy.

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Synonyms: kanae raukura, tīpara

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