putanga
1. (noun) emergence, appearance, entrance, opening, escape.
Te putanga mai o tētahi poroka i roto i tōna whare raupō i waenga repo, ka pānuitia e ia ki ngā manu katoa ka taea e ia te whakaora ngā mate katoa (Popi 1887:53). / A frog emerged from inside of his raupō house in the middle of the swamp and announced to all the birds that he was able to cure all diseases.
Synonyms: wāhinga, tāwaha, tomokanga, whakapuare, whakatuwheratanga, whakapuaretanga, whakatuheratanga, puare, pūahaaha, pūwaha, angotanga, waha, wherahanga, whakatuwhera, wherawhera, whakatuhera, puta, tarawaha, tomotomokanga, pūaha, wāhi
2. (noun) exit, way out.
Ki te titiro iho koe ki te putanga o te rua nā, ka kite koe i ngā rapirapitanga o te manu kōkā (HW 1969:120). / If you look down at the exit of that hole you will see the scratchings of the mother bird.
3. (noun) gate, outlet, vent.
Kia tūpato koutou ki ō koutou whare he mea whakakikī puru ki te tangata, hore he putanga mō te hau haunga, hore he tomonga mō te hau ora e noho tawhio ana i waho o ō koutou whare (KO 16/3/1888:7). / You should be careful with your houses when they are crammed full of people and there is no outlet for the stale air, no inlet for fresh air which is located around the outside of your houses.
Synonyms: pūahatanga, waha
4. (noun) edition, issue (publication).
I te putanga o te kape tuatahi me ngā whakaputanga o muri mai, ka whakamāramatia e Īhāia te tino whāinga a 'Huia Tangata Kotahi', arā, ki te whakakotahi i te iwi Māori mā te pānui i ngā āhuatanga e whakataumaha ana i a rātou i ngā moutere e rua (TTR 1994:30). / Īhaia explained in the first and subsequent editions of 'Huia Tangata Kotahi' that its aim was to create unity among Māori by carrying to both islands news of their common misfortunes.
5. (noun) symptom.
Ko te pūputa te putanga o te pāpaka, ki ngā ngutu o te tangata, ki ōna taihemahema rānei (RP 2009:311). / Blisters on a person's lips or genitals are the symptom of herpes.
6. (noun) outcome.
Ko te putanga te hua ka puta i tētahi pāpono tūponotanga. Hei tauira, ko te 1, te 2, te 3, te 4, te 5, te 6 rānei ngā putanga e taea ana ina pīrorihia he mataono tau (TRP 2010:214). / The outcome is the result of a probability event. For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 are the possible outcomes when a dice is rolled (TRP 2010:214).
Synonyms: tukunga iho, whakataunga, hua
he ... te patunga
1. the only thing that we can do, the only outcome, the only thing I'll be doing - an idiom to indicate an activity is the normal outcome or result of some other activity or state.
Rangi: Kua tino hiamoe nei au. Pare: Tāua tahi. Ka tae atu au ki te kāinga, he moe te patunga (HKK 1999:138). / Rangi: I'm really sleepy. Pare: That's both of us. When I get home the only thing I'll be doing is sleeping.
whakataunga
1. (noun) decision, solution, verdict, ruling, outcome, judgement, conclusion.
Te whakataunga a te iwi, taka ana ki a Hoani Wiremu Hīpango, māna te haere ki rāwāhi, hei whakatutuki i ngā tūmanakoranga o te iwi (TWK 16:9). / The decision of the people fell on Hoani Wiremu Hīpango that he should travel overseas to fulfil the wishes of the people.
Synonyms: whakawā, kupu whakatau, kōtitanga, whakawākanga, tukunga iho, putanga, hua
putanga matapōkere
1. (noun) random outcome.
He whero te porotiti ka tangohia i te ipu (i te whakamātau tūponotanga i runga nei). He putanga matapōkere tēnei nā te mea he ōrite te tūponotanga puta o ia porotiti (TRP 2010:165). / The counter taken from a container is red. This is a random outcome because the outcome probability for each counter are the same.
tukunga iho
1. (noun) end, result, outcome, consequence.
Āpiti atu ki tēnei e kore rawa e whai wāhi ki te kura i a ia anō, te tukunga iho ka heke haere tōna pai mō te mahi minita (TKO 30/4/1920:11). / Added to this is that he will never be able to educate himself, with the result that his value as a clergyman will diminish.
Synonyms: whakataunga, putanga, hua, otinga
2. (noun) heredity.
He tukunga iho te tāroaroa o te tangata (RP 2009:419). / A person being tall is heredity.
hua
1. (verb) to bear fruit, originate, be abundant, accrue.
Ehara i te mea ko te takaro te hē, engari ko te whakaputa kē i te takaro hei huarahi e peau kē ai te tangata ki te mahi hē, ina hoki he maha ngā hē e hua ana i te kanikani (TP 2/1907:2). / It's not as if the recreational activity is the problem, but the emergence from the activity of an avenue whereby a person can be diverted into wicked deeds because there are many transgressions resulting from dancing.
Synonyms: putu, whakapūranga, tipu, pūtake, take, tupu, pū, mahamaha, maha, ngahoro, makuru, ngerongero, humi, hāwere, rarawe, rari, pukahu, nui, hira, ranea, huhua, ngāhorohoro
2. (verb) to flower, bloom, blossom.
Ka hua te rātā, ka tītaha a Matariki ki te uru, ka tae ki te ngahuru, kua poki te rua kūmara, arā, kua tae katoa te kūmara ki te rua (White 4 1889:115). / When the rātā flowers and the Pleiades set in the west, autumn has arrived and the kūmara storage pit is covered over, that is the kūmara crop is all in the storage pit.
3. (verb) to be full (of the moon).
Ā te 4 o ngā rā kōwhiti ai te marama. Ā te 19 o ngā rā hua ai te marama (TMT 1/10/1861:16). / On the 4th day the new moon appears. On the 19th day is the full moon.
4. (noun) product, fruit, berry, roe, egg, progeny, value, finding, result, outcome, asset.
I ētahi tau he tino kaha kē te hua o ngā piki nei, ā, he tino reka hoki mō te kai. I ētahi rā, i te haere kē mātau, hoki rawa mai kua pau ngā hua te kai i te mahi a te tamariki (HP 1991:13). / In some years these fig trees fruited prolifically and they were very tasty to eat. Some days, when we went elsewhere, when we returned the fruit had all been eaten by the many children.
Synonyms: otinga, anaterope, whakataunga, putanga, tukunga iho, keakea, tātea, uri, aitanga
5. (noun) benefit, gain, asset.
Ahakoa te whakahāweatanga o te tangata ki te haere a Hirini Taiwhanga ki Ingarangi, he hua nunui kua puta mai i tana haere (KO 15/1/1883:6). / Despite people's intolerance towards Hirini Taiwhanga's journey to England, many benefits resulted from his trip.
muru
1. (verb) (-a) to wipe, wipe on, wipe off, rub, rub off, smear, paint, pluck (feathers, etc.).
Ko te waka rā i murua ki te peita mangu (TW 19/10/1878:9/521). / That canoe was painted with black paint.
Synonyms: tā, waituhi, pani, kōmuku, koromuku, kōmuru, kōmukumuku, panipani, peita, hohore, para, kato, kiriūka, ngana, koromaki, kōwhaki, hautoa, muku, mukumuku, kōmuri, kōmeke, kōmekemeke, kōmiri, ūkui, ūkuikui, hūkui, kāuto, aumiri, hikahika, mirimiri, wakuwaku, waku, miri
2. (verb) (-a) to plunder, confiscate, take ritual compensation - an effective form of social control, restorative justice and redistribution of wealth among relatives. The process involved taking all the offending party's goods. The party that had the muru performed on them did not respond by seeking utu. The reasons for a muru included threats to the institution of marriage, accidents that threatened life (e.g. parents' negligence), trampling on tapu, and defeat in war. It could be instituted for intentional or unintentional offences. It only occurred among groups of people who were linked by whakapapa or marriage and linked neighbouring villages in a collective response in the delivery of punishment. The protocols and practices involved would be determined by various factors, including the mana of the victim or offender, the degree of the offence and the intent of the offending party. Before a muru was engaged, the matter of what would be taken would be discussed in detail, as would the size of the taua to perform the muru. Physical violence could occur but generally ended when blood was drawn. A muru sought to redress a transgression with the outcome of returning the affected party back to their original position in society.
Me he rangatira te tangata nōna te pane i morimoria nei, kātahi ka rangona tēnei kupu morimori e whakahuatia ana, mō te morimoringa hoki o te pane tapu o te rangatira nei. Ka tauatia hoki, ka murua ngā taonga, whenua, aha atu rānei, a te tangata nāna i morimori (JPS 1894:28). / If it was a chief whose head was touched, then this word 'morimori' would be used for the action of touching the sacred head of the chief. The person who touched it would be the subject of a hostile party and his goods, land or other property would be plundered.
I tētahi wāhi o Haina e panapana ana te iwi i ngā minita karakia, muru rawa ngā taonga o ngā whare (KO 15/1/1885:2). / In one part of China the people have driven out the church ministers and plundered the possessions of the houses.
Synonyms: hunuhunu, kōhunu, hone, pārure, whakarekereke, romi, marure, mūrei, pāhua, pāhuahua
3. (verb) (-a) to wipe out, forgive, absolve, excuse, pardon, cancel - a modern connotation.
Kei te rapu anō hoki rānei koe kia mātau mehemea kua oti ō hara te muru mō tō tohe tonu ki te inoi, kua hopu rānei koe, he tika kua murua ō hara nō te mea kua pēnā tā te Atua kupu? (THM 1/10/1889:5). / Are you seeking to know if your sins are forgiven because you keep on asking, or is it right that your sins have been forgiven because that is what the word of God says?
4. (verb) (-a) to pluck off (leaves, feathers, etc.).
Ka murua ngā rimurimu, me ngā kohukohu i tōna tinana, ka ora ia i reira (NM 1928:24). / The seaweed and moss were removed from his body and then he revived.
5. (modifier) plundering, looting - especially in seeking ritual compensation.
I a Mita e ngaro ana, ka māuiuitia tana mokopuna, ka mate ki Poihākena. Te hokinga mai, ka tauatia a Mita ki te taua muru i runga i te whakapae nā āna mahi i mate ai tana mokopuna (TTR 1994:126). / While Mita was away his grandson became ill and died in Sydney. On returning here Mita was the subject of a muru party, on the accusation that he had caused his grandchild's death.
6. (modifier) confiscated, plundered.
Kore rawa a Taurua i whakaae kia utua mai ia mō ngā whenua muru (TTR 1990:166). / Taurua never agreed to take any payment for the confiscated land.
7. (noun) confiscation.
I tupea e ia he pōrangi mau pū, i whakaanga atu ia ki ngā rōpū kaipetipeti, me te muru hoki i ngā waipiro takahi i te ture (TTR 1998:9). / He disarmed a deranged gunman, confronted groups of gamblers and confiscated moonshine liquor.
