2. (noun) extended family, family group, a familiar term of address to a number of people - the primary economic unit of traditional Māori society. In the modern context the term is sometimes used to include friends who may not have any kinship ties to other members.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 3; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-54;)
E ai ki te kōrero a te whānau, kāre i iti iho i te tokoiwa ngā wāhine, tokorua ngā tāne (TTR 1996:100). / According to family information, there were no fewer than nine girls and two boys.
whanaungatanga
1. (noun) relationship, kinship, sense of family connection - a relationship through shared experiences and working together which provides people with a sense of belonging. It develops as a result of kinship rights and obligations, which also serve to strengthen each member of the kin group. It also extends to others to whom one develops a close familial, friendship or reciprocal relationship.
Kōrero ai ngā whakapapa mō te whanaungatanga i waenganui i te ira tangata me te ao (Te Ara 2011). / Whakapapa describe the relationships between humans and nature.
See also whakawhanaungatanga
Synonyms: taunekeneke, hononga, pāhekoheko, whaitake, whakanohonoho, whakapiringa, piringa
hūnuku
1. (verb) (-hia) to move, shift.
E hūnuku ana te kirimate, i tētahi rangi mai ko te weranga (HP 1991:8). / The mourning relatives were moving and the next day the fire occurred.
Synonyms: mahinga, nukunuku, kori, tākiri, koni, korikori, neke, paheke, panuku, whakakorikori, mū, konikoni, tīkape, onioni, oreore, kaneke, whakangāueue, rangaranga, takataka, neneke, ngatē, ngeungeu, oraora, pakuku, pīoraora, heke, nuku, ki hori, hiki, kareu, ngatete
2. (noun) family dependants.
I te pō, ka tū a Kihi rātau ko tōna whānau ki te poroporoaki ki a mātau, ki ngā mea e hoki ana ki te tiki mai i ā rātau wāhine, me ō rātou hūnuku katoa (TTT 1/3/1930:2003). / That night Kihi and his family stood to farewell us, the ones returning to fetch their wives and all their family dependants.
kāhui ariki
1. (noun) aristocracy, royal family of the Kīngitanga (usually defined as the descendants of Tāwhiao).
Ko Raiha Ratete tōna whaea. He wahine nō te kāhui ariki o tērā manawapū o Te Arawa, nō Ngāti Whakaue (TTR 1996:2). / Eliza Rogers was his mother. She was a woman of the aristocracy of the Ngāti Whakaue section of Te Arawa.
whakaotinga
1. (noun) completion.
Ka rua ngā take i kōrerotia e ia, arā, ko te whakahaere me te whakaotinga atu i te wharenui, i a Māhinārangi i Tūrangawaewae marae, me tana whakahua i te tauwhāingatanga o Tūrongo rāua ko tana tuakana, ko Whatihua, oti atu ki te moenga o Tūrongo i a Māhinārangi, he tapairu nō Te Tai Rāwhiti (TTR 1998:72). / He discussed two matters, namely the planning and completion of the meeting house, Māhinārangi, on the marae at Tūrangawaewae and his retelling of the rivalry of Tūrongo and his elder brother, Whatihua, ending in Tūrongo's marriage to Māhinārangi, the East Coast chieftainess.
2. (noun) youngest child (of a family), youngest sibling.
Nā ka rapu ia, tīmata i te mātāmua ā whakamutu ki te whakaotinga (PT Kenehi 44:12). / And he searched, and began at the eldest, and left at the youngest.
ariki
1. (noun) paramount chief, high chief, chieftain, lord, leader, aristocrat, first-born in a high ranking family - qualities of a leader is a concern for the integrity and prosperity of the people, the land, the language and other cultural treasures (e.g. oratory and song poetry), and an aggressive and sustained response to outside forces that may threaten these.
Nā te ariki o Ngāti Rākaipākā i hoko tēnei poraka ki te Kāwanatanga (HP 1991:31). / It was the paramount chief of Ngāti Rākaipākā who sold this block to the Government.
Synonyms: rōre, ariki tauaroa, kāhu tātara, toihau, ariki taungaroa, ariki tapairu, kaiarataki, kaikākāriki, ngārahu, tētēkura, uru, kaihautū, kaitakitaki, kaingārahu, manukura, kaiwhakanekeneke, tātāriki, amokapua, amokura, ihorei, kahika, tātarariki, poutoko, whakataka, amorangi, hautū, pouwhenua, kākākura, kaiārahi, kaitātaki, kaitaki, manu taupua, kaiwhakataki, wheao, tumuaki, tumu whakarae
2. (noun) landlord, landowner.
Kāore e poka noa ētahi atu ki te haere ki te takahi i runga i taua whenua rā, engari me inoi rawa ki te ariki o te whenua e taea ai e ia te haere atu ki runga i taua whenua rā (Milroy 2015). / Others won't go and walk on that land without permission, but must actually ask the landowner to be able to go onto the land.
Synonyms: kaipupuri whenua, kaituku rīhi, kairēti, rangatira
3. (noun) master, keeper.
Ohooho ana ngā kau, ina whakatuwhera ia i tō rātou taiepa, piri ana te hiore o tana kurī ki waenganui o ngā waewae ka titiro kōtaha mai, mehemea nei e whakaaro ana kei te riri rānei tana ariki, kei te pēhea rānei (TH 1/12/1859:3). / The cows are alert when he opens their paddock and his dog's tail is between its legs and it looks sideways to see whether his master is angry or how his mood is.
4. (noun) Lord - a name for God.
Ā ka puta mai ki a ia tētahi anahera a te Ariki e tū ana i te taha matau o te āta whakakakara (PT Ruka 1:11). / And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.
ariki tapairu
1. (noun) paramount chief, high chief, chief of chiefs (including for a woman), first-born in a high ranking family, female sovereign.
He ariki tapairu ki a mātou te wahine, ko te tāne he ariki tauaroa (JPS 1926:43). / To us, a woman is an ariki tapairu, and a man is an ariki tauaroa.
Synonyms: kāhu tātara, toihau, tumu whakarae, ariki, ariki taungaroa, ariki tauaroa
he momo (tonu)
1. true to form, it's a family trait, inherited quality, hereditary trait - this idiom highlights a person's character and inherited qualities or those of his/her ancestors. It can be applied to both good and bad traits.
Ka rawe kē te reo o Kiri! He momo tonu tērā nō tana whānau. / Kiri's voice is wonderful! That's a family trait.
tapairu
1. (noun) chieftainess, first-born female in a high-ranking family.
Ka rua ngā take i kōrerotia e ia, arā, ko te whakahaere me te whakaotinga atu i te whare nui, i a Māhinārangi i Tūrangawaewae marae, me tana whakahua i te tauwhāingatanga o Tūrongo rāua ko tana tuakana, ko Whatihua, oti atu ki te moenga o Tūrongo i a Māhinārangi, he tapairu nō Te Tai Rāwhiti (TTR 1998:72). / He discussed two matters, namely the planning and completion of the meeting house, Māhinārangi, on the marae at Tūrangawaewae and his retelling of the rivalry of Tūrongo and his elder brother, Whatihua, ending in Tūrongo's marriage to Māhinārangi, the East Coast chieftainess.
2. (noun) Kirk's tree daisy, Brachyglottis kirkii - an epiphyte or ground shrub to 3 m tall found in forests throughout the North Island. It has variable soft leaves with shallowly toothed margins. The white daisies are showy in spring.
See also kohurangi
tuākana
1. (noun) elder brothers (of a male), elder sisters (of a female), cousins (of the same gender from a more senior branch of the family).
Ko ngā tuākana ake o Tūmate Mahuta ko Te Rata, te Kīngi tuawhā, me Taipū, nō te tau 1924 tēnei i mate ai (TTR 1998:94). / Tūmate Mahuta's elder brothers were Te Rata, the fourth King, and Taipū, who died in 1924.
whāmere
1. (loan) (noun) family, household.
Piki ai, heke ai te tokomaha o ngā tāngata o tōna whāmere, arā, ko tana wahine, ā, he wā anō, ko tōna hungawai wahine, ko ngā tamariki tokorua me ērā anō o ōna whanaunga i reira (TTR 1996:94). / The numbers in his household fluctuated but often comprised his wife, and sometimes his mother-in-law, two children and other relatives.
wharemate
1. (noun) house of mourning - the wharemate may be a special separate structure to the left of the meeting house, or the place where the body lies in the verandah or inside the meeting house, depending on the traditional practice of the particular marae. Traditionally, if the wharemate was a separate temporary building, it would be erected especially for the particular tangihanga and removed immediately after the body was taken off for the burial. Some marae have a permanent building as a wharemate.
Ka haria ake ana te tūpāpaku ki te marae, ka whakatakotoria ki roto i te wharemate. Ki ētahi iwi, ka hangā anō he wharemate hei wāhi takoto mō te tūpāpaku, ka whakatakotoria rānei ki rō tēneti. Ko tēnei te tikanga ki ngā hapū o Tūhoe. Ko te wharemate ka whakatūria ki te taha mauī o te whare. Ki ētahi atu iwi, ka whakatakotoria te tūpāpaku ki te roro o te whare. Ko tēnei tikanga ki ngā hapū o Te Arawa me ngā hapū o te riu o Waikato. Ko te wāhi takoto o te tūpāpaku ko te taha mauī o te kūaha. Nā, ki ngā iwi o te Taitokerau, ka haria te tūpāpaku ki roto rā anō i te wharenui ki reira takoto ai (RR 1974:20-21). / When the body of the deceased is taken to the marae, it is laid inside the wharemate. In some tribes a separate wharemate is built for the body to lie in, or it is laid out in a tent. This is the custom in the subtribes of Tūhoe. The wharemate is erected on the left side of the house. In some tribes the body is laid out in the verandah of the house. This is the custom in the subtribes of Te Arawa and in the Waikato basin. The place where the body lies is to the left of the door. But, in the tribes of Northland the body is taken right into the meeting house to lie there.
I te wā ko Eruera te tiamana o te komiti o te marae o Kōkōhīnau, ka whakaaro ia ki te hanga i tētahi wharemate kia tau anō ai ki te kawa o mua kia mutu ai te whakatakoto i ngā tūpāpaku ki roto i a Ōruataupare (EM 2002:96). / During the time that Eruera was the chairperson of the Kōkōhīnau marae committee, he decided to build a house of mourning so that the traditional protocol could be reestablished, and so that the bodies would no longer be placed to lie inside Ōruataupare meeting house.
See also whare pōtae, whare tauā
2. (noun) bereaved family and chief mourners.
Ko ngā uri wāhine o te tūpāpaku ka noho tonu i tōna taha, tae noa ki te te wā e ngaro ai. Ko ētahi anō hoki o ngā kuia ka noho anō i roto i te wharemate. Ko ēnei uri ka kīia ko te whānau pani, ko te wharemate rānei...Ko te pouaru me te whānau a te tūpāpaku ka noho i te taha mauī o te tūpāpaku, ko ōna whanaunga ka noho i te taha matau (RR 1974:21). / The female relatives of the deceased remain continuously by her side, right up until the time she departs. Some of the elderly women also sit inside the house of mourning. These relatives are all said to be the 'whānau pani', or the 'wharemate' (bereaved family and chief mourners)...The widow/widower and the family of the deceased sit on the left side of the body, while his/her relatives sit on the right side.
See also kirimate, whare pōtae
