āki
1. (verb) (-hia,-na,-ngia) to encourage, urge on, challenge, induce, incite, exhort.
Āki atu hoki ia ki tana iwi o Rangitāne, kia mau te pupuri i ō rātou toenga whenua, kia mau tonu ki tō rātou mana, ahakoa pēhea te tāmia mai e Tauiwi (TTR 1990:176). / He also urged his Rangitāne people to hold fast to their remaining lands and to retain their authority, no matter how much they were oppressed by the colonists.
2. (verb) (-hia,-na,-ngia) to beat, pound, crash against, dash against, strike with great force, throw down, buffet, slam against, slam.
Āki ai ngā ngaru huhuka ki ngā paritū o te ākau (TK 14/4/1883:1). / The frothing waves crash on the cliffs of the coast.
I ahu mai taua kaipuke i Merika. He maha ngā rā i ākina ai e ngā tūātea nunui o te moana, tae rawa mai ki Ahitereiria ka ū ki runga toka (TP 7/1909:6). / That ship headed from America. For many days it was pounded by the huge breaking waves of the sea, and when it finally reached Australia it landed up on rocks.
Kaua e ākina te kūaha! / Don't slam the door!
Synonyms: tuki, kuru, kurukuru, pao, kōmekemeke, pātuki, pāuna, hamahama, pehu, patupatu, tātā, poutuki, whākuru
3. (verb) (-na) to replace.
Ka tango ki te pū wīwī, ka rere iho taua wahine nei ki roto ki te kōruarua, ākina iho hoki taua pū wīwī nei (NM 1928:9). / The woman removed the clump of rushes and fled down into the hole and replaced the clump of rushes.
4. (noun) urging, encouragement.
Kia tino maumahara ko koutou, ko mātou kē kei te pīkau i ngā raru o tēnei kura nā reira e pēnei nei te kaha o tā mātou āki (HM 4/1997:8). / You should remember well that we are carrying the liabilities for this learning gathering and that's the reason for the intensity of our urging.
tairanga
1. (verb) (-tia) to be elevated, raised up, encouraged, fostered, promoted.
Ko ēnei momo kaupapa ahu whenua nā te Tari Māori tonu i tairanga, whakahauhau hoki i te mahi whakatōpū i ngā whenua kia noho poraka kotahi ai (TTR 1996:227). / These types of farming schemes, which were fostered by the Native Department, encouraged the consolidation of land into single blocks.
2. (modifier) elevated.
Ka whakamau ki tētehi wāhi tairanga ake i te wai (NIT 1995:201). / He went straight to a place elevated above the water.
3. (noun) elevation.
Ko ngā whare hou katoa ināianei kia kaua e heke iho i te ono inihi te tairanga ake i te whenua (TPH 18/1/1904:2). / For all new houses now the elevation above the ground should not be less than six inches.
2. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) to extend to.
Ko tā tēnei ratonga mahi he whakatorotoro i ōna manaakitanga hauora ki ngā kāinga Māori me ngā whārua pāmamao kāre e taea e te tākuta (Te Ara 2014). / The task of this service was to extend its health assistance to Māori settlements and the remote valleys without access by doctors.
3. (modifier) pressing for, encouraging, promoting.
E ai ki tā te Pākehā, he kauhau whakatorotoro pakanga tēnei (TTR 1994:183). / According to the Pākehā, this was a speech pressing for war.
Synonyms: kōkirikiri
whakahauhau
1. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to order, direct, hasten, encourage.
Kei te whakahauhau ngā kaumātua o ia kāinga, o ia kāinga whai kōea kia kaha (TP 2/1911:1). / The elders of each village that have choirs are urging them on.
Synonyms: ōta, tono, ngare, ngarengare, whakahau, whakaraupapa, raupapa
2. (noun) encouragement, urging.
Nā runga i te whakahauhau a Hāmiora, ka tīmata te mahi a Ākenehi hei nēhi kaiāwhina (TTR 1996:38). / With the encouragement of Hāmiora, Ākenehi became an assistant nurse.
3. (noun) song for encouraging workers.
Kātahi ka kōia te māra, ko tōna whakahauhau tēnei (NM 1928:96). / Then the garden was dug and this was the song for inspiring the workers.
whakamanawa
1. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to encourage, inspire, instil confidence, give confidence to, reassure, stimulate, support, rely on.
Ahakoa i mate, ko ia tonu te tohu nāna i whakamanawa te nonoke a tana iwi kia wetea atu te hē i ūwhia ki a rātou (TTR 1990:60). / Despite his death, he became a symbol that encouraged the struggle of his people to address the wrongs inflicted on them.
Synonyms: whakawhirinaki, hirinaki, whirinaki
2. (noun) confidence, encouragement.
Nā te kaha o te whakamanawa o Te Awa-i-taia, i puāwai ai te Rongopai ki roto i a Ngāti Māhanga o Whāingaroa (TTR 1990:173). / The success of Christianity among Ngāti Māhanga of Whāingaroa was because of Te Awa-i-taia's encouragement.
whakakipakipa
1. (loan) (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-tia) to spur on, urge on, encourage, inspire, give someone the hurry-up.
I tētahi wā anō, i tana whaea kēkē, i a Tuīni Ngāwai e whakataetae ana i tētahi tātāwhāinga kutikuti hipi nei, i te kitenga o Ngoi e mahue haere kē ana ia, ka pakaru mai te waiata a Ngoi, he whakakipakipa kē rā tāna i tana kōkā kia tere ake (TTR 2000:146). / On one occasion, when her aunt, Tuīni Ngāwai, was competing in a sheep shearing competition, seeing her lagging behind Ngoi burst into song to inspire her aunt to pick up the pace.
whakatenatena
1. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to encourage.
E whai ake nei ngā uaratanga, ngā mōhukihuki me ngā wawata o te Kōmihana Hākinakina, Tūhakahaka a Hillary: "Ki te whakahaumako i te pai, i te tika me te tau o te noho o te iwi whānui i Aotearoa. Ki te whakatenatena, ki te whakatītina, ki te whakatakē i te iwi kia tapoko mai ki ngā mahi hākinakina whakamārohirohi me ōna hua o roto e ora tonu ai te tangata, taha tinana, taha wairua." (HM 1/1992:3). / Following are the desires, yearnings and hopes of the Hillary Commission for Sport, Fitness and Leisure: "To enhance the quality of life of the general population in New Zealand. To encourage, foster and encourage the people to participate in sporting fitness activities with its benefits for a person's well-being, both physical and mental.
2. (modifier) encouraging.
Nau mai, haere atu e te reo whakatenatena, e te reo whakatītina (HM 4/1993:1). / Welcome, the voice of encouragement, the reassuring voice goes out.
3. (noun) encouragement.
Nā Tūhaere te whakatenatena ki a Tāwhiao kia mutu te mōriroriro (TTR 1990:366). / It was Tūhaere who encouraged Tāwhiao to give up his isolation.
whakatītina
1. (verb) (-tia,-hia,-ia) to encourage, foster, hearten.
Nō te tau 1885, i tīmataria e ia te tikanga mō te Poukai e torotoro ā-tau haere ai te Kīngi i ngā marae o te Kīngitanga ki te whakatītina i ngā iwi kia taki hokihoki ki ō rātou marae, ahakoa mō te wā kotahi noa iho i te tau (TTR 1994:133). / In 1885 he initiated the institution of Poukai, where the King would pay annual visits to King movement marae to encourage the people to return to their marae, even if it was only once a year.
2. (modifier) encouraging, heartening, reassuring.
Ahakoa ana kupu whakatītina mai i mōhio tonu au e kore au e kaha (HM 4/2009:1). / Despite his words of encouragement I knew I would not be able to.
3. (noun) encouragement.
I runga i ngā whakatītina a ētahi tino rangatira Māori tonu nei, arā, a Timi Kara rāua ko Kererū, kua āta titiro ngā mana whakahaere i ngā mahi a Rua (TTR 1996:179). / On the encouragement of some high-standing Māori leaders, particularly James Carroll and Kererū, the authorities had maintained a close watch over Rua's activities.
toitoi
1. (verb) (-tia) to trot (horses), move quickly, walk briskly.
Ehara, kua heke haere i ngā turi, kua huri kua toitoi haere atu (HP 1991:84). / Lo and behold, he dropped down on his knees, turned and trotted away.
See also toi
Synonyms: oma, whārona, karapetapeta
2. (verb) (-a,-tia) to encourage, incite, inspire, motivate.
Synonyms: whakaohooho, whakahihiko, toitoi manawa, whakapakepake
3. (verb) fish for eels with an eel-bob - flax loops with bait attached used for entangling the eels' teeth.
He pō pai tēnei mō te toitoi tuna (TWK 54:18). / This is a good night for fishing for eels with an eel-bob.
See also toi
4. (noun) eel-bob.
Whakatikatikangia ngā aho, ngā pīhuka maha, ngā matau, ngā tāruke, ngā pouraka, ngā kupenga, ngā hīnaki, ngā toitoi, ngā mōunu me ērā katoa (WT 2013:25). / Prepare the lines, the many spears, the fish hooks, the crayfish traps, the round nets, the long nets, eel traps, bobs, the bait and all those things.
toitoi manawa
1. (verb) to motivate, encourage, incite, inspire.
Synonyms: whakaohooho, whakapakepake, whakahihiko, toitoi
hotahota
1. (verb) (-ia) to urge on, hasten, press on, persist, exhort, encourage.
Synonyms: tākare, whakatorotoro, kūtete, tautotohe, hohota, tohe, whaiwhairoroa, tohetohe, takakawe, tautohetohe, tautohe
2. (noun) strands.
Ko ngā hotahota o te whītau, tapahia! (TWK 19:45). / The strands of the harakeke fibre, cut them!
taunaki
1. (verb) (-tia) to support, recommend, reinforce.
Koinei te wā i uru mai ai Te Tāhūhū o Te Mātauranga me tāna pūtea hei taunaki mai i te kaupapa engari he here anō i runga i taua pūtea rā (HM 2/1997:5). / This was the time when the Ministry of Education entered with its fund to support the project, but there were conditions on that funding.
Synonyms: marohi, tūtohi, whaikupu, tūtohu, whakaū, whakamarohi, whakakaha, aukaha, haukaha
2. (modifier) supporting.
Hāngai pū ana ēnei kupu ki te hunga taunaki mai (HM 3/1990:3). / These words are most appropriate for the supporters.
3. (noun) support, backing, encouragement, recommendation.
E whai nei tātou kia riro ko te reo Māori te reo whakaako i ā tātou tamariki, ā, me taku taunaki i tēnā whakaaro (HM 3/1995:5). / We are endeavouring to have the Māori language as the teaching medium with our children, with my support of that idea.
Synonyms: tautoko, kōkiri, marohi, kupu tohutohu, tohutohu, tūtohunga, kupu whakatau
4. (noun) evidence, testimony.
Ina oti katoa ngā taunaki te homai, ka pātai te Tiati i ngā rōia mehemea he kōrero ā rātou mō te ture e pā ana ki ngā mea e tautohetohetia ana (RT 2013:78). / When the evidence had all been presented the Judge asked the lawyers if they had anything to say about the law concerning the things being debated.
wairua
1. (noun) spirit, soul - spirit of a person which exists beyond death. It is the non-physical spirit, distinct from the body and the mauri. To some, the wairua resides in the heart or mind of someone while others believe it is part of the whole person and is not located at any particular part of the body. The wairua begins its existence when the eyes form in the foetus and is immortal. While alive a person's wairua can be affected by mākutu through karakia. Tohunga can damage wairua and also protect the wairua against harm. The wairua of a miscarriage or abortion can become a type of guardian for the family or may be used by tohunga for less beneficial purposes. Some believe that all animate and inanimate things have a whakapapa and a wairua. Some believe that atua Māori, or Io-matua-kore, can instill wairua into something. Tohunga, the agents of the atua, are able to activate or instil a wairua into something, such as a new wharenui, through karakia. During life, the wairua may leave the body for brief periods during dreams. The wairua has the power to warn the individual of impending danger through visions and dreams. On death the wairua becomes tapu. It is believed to remain with or near the body and speeches are addressed to the person and the wairua of that person encouraging it on its way to Te Pō. Eventually the wairua departs to join other wairua in Te Pō, the world of the departed spirits, or to Hawaiki, the ancestral homeland. The spirit travels to Te Reinga where it descends to Te Pō. Wairua of the dead that linger on earth are called kēhua. During kawe mate, or hari mate, hura kōhatu and other important occasions the wairua is summoned to return to the marae.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 221-228;)
Haere rā i a koe ka kōpikopiko atu ki Te Hono-i-wairua, ki te kāpunipunitanga o te wairua (TTR 1998:37). / We farewell you as you wend your way to the Gathering Place of Spirits, the meeting place of departed souls.
Te tinana, te hinengaro, me te wairua ēnei e toru, te mea nui o ēnei ko te wairua. Te tinana: he anga kau nō te wairua. Te hinengaro: he kaiwhakaatu ki te ao he pēnei nā te wairua kei roto i te tangata (TTT 1/12/1930:2215). / Of these three things, the body, the mind and the spirit, the most important is the spirit. The body is the vehicle for the spirit. The mind shows the world what the spirit of the person is like.
2. (noun) attitude, quintessence, feel, mood, feeling, nature, essence, atmosphere.
Ko te wairua o te kōrero, kia Māori mai (HM 2/1994:10). / The feel of the language should be Māori.
3. (noun) bonfire moss, common cord-moss, Funaria hygrometrica - a moss that grows in profusion on moist, shady, and damp bare soil, especially on sites of old fires, and in plant pots in glasshouses and shadehouses. Found throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand.
manu ngangahu
1. (noun) woman who performs on the side of the haka group - to encourage and energise the performers. Women most skilled in pūkana and wielding weapons took on this role.
Ki a au nei, kei ngā kaitakitaki kei ngā kaiwhakahaere o ngā kapa haka hoki tētahi wāhi nui hei whakawana, hei whakaoho i te kapa haka a ngā tāne, ā, tae noa ki ngā manu ngangahu hei taotao, hei whāngai haere i ngā taha (K 1993: 69). / I feel that leaders and tutors of the haka groups have a crucial role in bringing their groups alive including the 'manu ngangahu' whose function is to perform to either side of the group (K 1993: 69).
See also manu
