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Loan words

Historical loan words

whakaraupapa

1. (verb) (-tia) to sequence, arrange in order, list.

Ka taea pea te whakaraupapa i ngā kōrero hei whakaatu i te hōhonu o ngā hononga o ngā iwi ki te whenua (Te Ara 2014). / It is possible to show an ordering of stories that deepen the connection between the various tribes and the land.

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Synonyms: raupapatanga, raupapa, tūtira, honga, rārangi, tītaha, whakarārangi, whakatūtira


2. (verb) (-tia) to instil order, instil discipline.

Nāna i āwhina a Haihana Meiha Frank Rennie – he Pākehā kāore nei e mōhio ki te kōrero Māori – ki te whakaraupapa i ngā toa o te hokowhitu Māori (TTR 1998:168). / He helped Sergeant Major Frank Rennie - a Pakeha who spoke no Maori - to instil discipline in the soldiers of the Māori Battalion.

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3. (modifier) instilling order, instilling discipline.

He mea tino tautoko anō hoki e ia te tikanga whakaraupapa a te tangata i a ia, te mana o te ture, ā, mā te kaha ki te mahi e ahu whakamua ai (TTR 2000:46). / He was committed to the practice of self-discipline and the rule of law, advancement through hard work.

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4. (noun) arranging in order, listing, layering.

I whakamāramatia e te kaumātua rongonui nō Ngāti Porou, e Āpirana Ngata, te whakapapa, '... ko te tukanga o te whakaraupapa i tētahi mea i runga i tētahi mea. Whakaarohia pēnei, ko te tīpuna taketake te whakatipuranga tuatahi, ā, ko ngā tīpuna e whai ake ana ka whakaraupapatia i runga i ngā tīpuna taketake.' (Te Ara 2014). / The well-known Ngāti Porou elder, Āpirana Ngata, explained that whakapapa is ‘... the process of laying one thing upon another. If you visualise the foundation ancestors as the first generation, the next and succeeding ancestors are placed on them in ordered layers.’

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Synonyms: whakarārangi


5. (noun) order, discipline.

Kāore i tau pai ki a ia te noho a te hōia, ā, hē ake, hē haere tonu tana whakaraupapa i a ia (TTR 2000:194). / He did not adapt well to army life and was consistently ill-disciplined.

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Synonyms: ngare, ngarengare, whakahauhau, whakahau, raupapa, tono, ōta

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