nguha
1. (verb) to fight fiercely, battle.
Hei ētahi wā, ka noho ko ngā wāhine hei whakaohooho i ngā wairua o ngā tāne kia pukā, kia nguha, kia whawhai mō te whenua, mō tētahi atu take rānei (Te Ara 2012). / Sometimes women exhorted men to act, to fight fiercely and to fight for land, or for some other cause.
Synonyms: pakanga, tatauranga, matawhāura, kakaritanga, putakari, riringa, parekura, kakari, kawe a riri, riri, kekeritanga
2. (modifier) crushed, shredded.
Synonyms: ngakungaku
3. (noun) rage, fury.
I muri o te wehenga, ka tipu te riri, te nguha, te patu, te whakamate, me te mate i waenganui i te tokoono nei (H 1992:20). / After the separation anger, rage, beating, killing and death developed amongst these six.
Synonyms: niwha, riri, whakatūpehupehu, rūtā
4. (noun) war.
I haere te iwi Māori ki ngā nguha katoa o Aotearoa, huri taiāwhio i te ao (Te Ara 2016). / The Māori people went to all the wars of New Zealand, around the world.
Pakanga Nui o te Ao Tuatahi
1. First World War, World War I, Great War.
Nō mua atu i te Pakanga Nui o te Ao Tuatahi mai i te 1914 ki te 1918 (HP 1991:21). / It was before the First World War from 1914 to 1918.
See also Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao
manuao
1. (loan) (noun) man-of-war, naval vessel, battleship, warship, gunboat, frigate, destroyer - any armoured ship used in war.
E kī ana te Herara o Nui Tīreni, kua whai kupu whakaari a Tā Tanara Mākarini, kia meatia tētahi manuao mō te Newera Pirikeiti o Hauraki (TW 12/2/1875:9). / The New Zealand Herald says that Sir Donald McLean promised that a gunboat should be secured for the Thames Naval Brigade.
See also manuwao
kaiākiri
1. (modifier) internecine, bloody, mutually destructive.
Kāore anō kia tino mutu noa te whawhai kaiākiri nei, ka whiua rā a Ngāi Tahu e te tokomaha tonu o ngā marau nunui a te ope taua mau pū a Ngāti Toa o te tau 1828 i raro i a Te Rauparaha (TTR 1994:112). / The internecine warfare had not quite ceased when Ngāi Tahu suffered a series of major raids in 1828 by armed Ngāti Toa under Te Rauparaha.
2. (noun) flesh wound.
3. (noun) civil war, internecine war.
Ka tae ki te takurua o 1865, ka tū te kaiākiri i waenga i Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki i te kaha kaikā o te nuinga o rātau ki te whakapono o te Pai Mārire (arā, te hāhi Hauhau) (TTR 1994:33). / When the winter of 1865 arrived, Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki were torn apart by the enthusiasm of the majority for the Pai Mārire (Hauhau) faith.
taurekareka
1. (verb) (-tia) to be enslaved.
Nō muri mai i tō rātou whakarerenga i tērā kāinga i te tekau tau atu i 1850, ko te āhua nei, i noho kē mai ia ki Te Ara-a-Kiwa, kia kore a ia e whakahokia ki Wharekauri, taurekareka ai (TTR 1976:172). / After their abandonment of that home in the 1850s, it would seem that she settled in Foveaux Strait to avoid returning to the Chatham Islands, to slavery.
2. (modifier) dastardly, shameful, low, base, dishonourable.
Kātahi te mahi taurekareka rawa atu a ngā kaimahi Pākehā i kitea ko tēnei! (TTR 2000:122). / This was the most dastardly action ever committed by Pākehā workers.
Synonyms: pāpaku, hangahanga, hakahaka, hahaka, māteatea
3. (noun) captive taken in war, slave, prisoner of war.
He tikanga hē te whakatupu ake i ngā kōtiro hei pononga, hei taurekareka mā te tāne (TTT 1/12/1929:1955). / It is wrong to raise girls as servants and slaves for men.
4. (noun) scoundrel, idiot, rascal, rogue.
Ko wai te taurekareka nāna nei i waiho te hō ki konei takoto ai? (HW 1969:59). / Who was the idiot who left the spade lying here?
Synonyms: whiro, nauwhea, nanakia, tainanakia, nauhea
pakanga
1. (verb) (-tia) to fight, battle, wage war, be at war with.
Ko tāna mahi i tēnei o ōna hokinga mai he hohou haere i te rongo i waenganui o ngā hapū e pakanga tonu ana tētahi ki tētahi (TP 6/1907:5). / His work on this return trip was to establish peace amongst the kinship groups that were still at war with one another.
E mōhio ana ētahi o tātou i te wā i pakangatia ai ā rātou kēhi i roto i te Hupirimi Kōti i whakataua ai kua manakore rātou ki ō rātou whenua i te mea kua nuku atu i te 20 tau te Pākehā e noho pōhēhē ana i runga i aua whenua, ā, i roto i aua tau kāore rātou, ngā Pākehā, i utu rēti, i tonoa rānei kia utu rēti, i whakararurarutia rānei mō tā rātou noho pōhēhē i reira (TTT 1/12/1923:5). / Some of us know that at the time their case was being fought in the Supreme Court it was determined that they had no authority over their lands because the Pākehā had been living mistakenly on those lands for more than 20 years and in that period they, the Pākehā, had not paid rent, or been asked to pay rent, or been harassed about their mistaken occupation at that place.
Synonyms: kakaritanga, kakari, kawe a riri, riri, kekeritanga, tatauranga, nguha, matawhāura, parekura, putakari, riringa
2. (noun) battle, strife, hostility, war, engagement, conflict.
I te tau 1830, ka tū te pakanga e kīia nei ko Taumatawīwī ki ngā harapaki ki te raki o Maungatautari (TTR 1990:317). / In 1830 the battle called Taumatawīwī took place on the northern slopes of Maungatautari.
riri tara ā-whare
1. (noun) war between sections of the same hapū or iwi, civil war - sometimes as riri tara-ā-whare.
I roto i ngā tau o 1865 ki ngā tau o 1870, ka tū te riri tara ā-whare, ki roto o Ngāti Porou. Arā, ka pakanga a Ngāti Porou ki a Ngāti Porou. Ka weherua te iwi (Te Ara 2017). / Between 1865 and the 1870s civil war broke out within Ngāti Porou. That is, Ngāti Porou fought Ngāti Porou, and the tribe split into two.
karakia whati
1. (noun) war preparation ritual - a karakia to prepare a warrior for battle.
See also karakia
tūngārahu
1. (verb) to prepare for war - sometimes as two words, i.e. tū ngārahu.
I te marama kua pahure ake nei, i tae mai ngā rongo, i te wā e tūngārahu ana a Piriniha Arekahānara o Purukēria me ana hōia, haere mai ana ētahi atu hōia eke hōiho nō Rūhia ki waenga, hopukia ana taua piriniha (KO 16/9/1886:2). / Last month news arrived that at the time Prince Alexander of Bulgaria and his troops were preparing for war, some other mounted troops from Russia came amongst them and captured the prince.
2. (modifier) parading, performing military exercises.
E hia rānei mano hoki i noho kia kite i ngā mahi tūngārahu a ngā hōia i te pāmu i te taha o te whare o te Kāwana (KO 15/6/1885:8). / Many thousands remained to see the military parade on the farm beside the Governor's residence.
Synonyms: whakatūtū
3. (noun) war dance - haka in which the men are armed and jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārehu, tūtū waewae and whakatū waewae.
See also tūtū ngārahu
karaka whati
1. (noun) ritual before war - an ancient ritual performed over warriors before they went off to war. The warriors were sprinkled with water, and touched with a karaka leaf.
Tohua ana a Hēnare ki te tikanga pure o te karaka whati, he tikanga whakatakataka i te toa mō te pakanga (TTR 2000:70). / Hēnare underwent the ritual of karaka whati, a practice preparing a warrior for battle.
tū waewae
1. (noun) war dance - haka in which the men are armed and jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārehu, tūtū waewae and whakatū waewae.
Nō te mutunga o te tū waewae, ka mea ngā Pākehā kia whakaputaina tētahi kupu whakaaroha mā rātou ki ō rātou hoa Māori (TWM 18/11/1869:2) / When the war dance ended, the Pākehā asked to express some words of affection for their Māori companions.
See also tūtū ngārahu
whakatū waewae
1. (noun) war dance - haka with weapons in which the men jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārahu, tūtū ngārehu and tūtū waewae.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-68;)
Ka noho ki te haka, ki te whakatū waewae, ka whakatumatuma ake ki tā rātou tangata (TWK 3:15). / They set about performing posture dances and haka with weapons and acting defiantly up at their man.
See also tūtū ngārahu
ngārehu
1. (noun) cinder, ember.
Ka tahuri ki te hika ahi a Tama-āhua; he rere anake te kora o te ahi, ka wera a Arahura, koia i pau ai a Kahotea i te ahi, ka kōpatapata haere te āhua o tēnā pounamu i te ngārehu ahi (JPS 1914:8). / When Tama-āhua proceeded to light a fire by rubbing the sticks, the sparks flew out and set fire to Arahura, and hence was Kahotea [name of a variety of greenstone] burnt, for that kind of greenstone is spotted like drops on account of the embers of the fire.
2. (noun) charcoal.
Ka noho mātau i te taha o te manga wai o ngā wai hāroto o te pārae e heke atu ana ki taua wāhi, he ngārehu i roto i te anga pāua nei ki tētahi taha o te wai takoto mai ai (JPS 1950:284). / We sat by the stream that drained the pools of water of the plain descending down to that place, and there was an ember in a pāua shell lying on the other side of the water facing us.
3. (noun) war dance - haka in which the men are armed and jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārahu, tūtū waewae and whakatū waewae.
Nā, nui atu tana hiahia kia kite ia i ngā mahi āhuareka a tēnei Iwi, a te Māori, i ngā haka, i ngā tūtū ngārehu, me ngā poi, me ētahi tikanga āhuareka a te Māori (TPH 1/7/1904:8). / He had a great desire to see the entertainment of the Māori, posture dances, war dances, poi and other interesting customs of the Māori.
See also tūtū ngārahu
tūtū ngārahu
1. (noun) war dance - haka performed with long weapons in which the men jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārehu, tūtū waewae and whakatū waewae.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-68;)
Tētahi take nui i whakaaetia e tēnei hui, ko ngā mahi a ngā tūpuna o mua kei ngaro, kia tino mahia nuitia i ēnei rā: Ngā whakataukī, ngā waiata Māori, ngā pepeha, me ngā tikanga katoa o ngā mea, me ngā harihari, tūtū ngārahu, me ngā hari kai (TP 8/1909:11). / An important matter that was agreed to by the meeting was the activities of the ancestors of former times that these should be used widely today: The aphorisms, Māori songs, tribal sayings and the customary practices of everything, the songs to unite people in a common purpose, war dances and songs for presenting food.
makamaka whana
1. (noun) war dance - haka in which the men are armed and jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārahu, tūtū ngārehu, tūtū waewae and whakatū waewae.
See also tūtū ngārahu
2. (noun) ember, cinder.
Kāore anō nei i weto ngā ngārahu o te ahi i mura ai i ngā wā kua pahure (TTT 1/2/1924:11). / The embers of the fire that blazed in past times had not yet been extinguished.
3. (noun) charcoal, black pigment.
I pania te kanohi ki te ngārahu, ki te kōkōwai rānei (M 2004:62). / The face was smeared with charcoal or red ochre.
4. (noun) leader, commander, military leader.
Ko Tūpaea te ngārahu o Ngāi Te Rangi i te tukinga i Maketū (TTR 1990:13). / Tūpaea was the military leader of Ngāi Te Rangi at the attack at Maketū.
Synonyms: manu taupua, kaitaki, kaitātaki, kaiārahi, kākākura, pouwhenua, kaiwhakataki, wheao, tumuaki, tumu whakarae, kaiarataki, kaikākāriki, tētēkura, uru, kaihautū, kaitakitaki, kaingārahu, manukura, kaiwhakanekeneke, tātāriki, amokapua, amokura, ariki, ihorei, kahika, tātarariki, poutoko, whakataka, amorangi, hautū
5. (noun) military parade.
Nō te 10 o ngā rā o tēnei marama o Hūrae i tae mai te waea i Rānana e kī ana i tū tētahi ngārahu nui i te aroaro o te Kuīni e rima tekau mā waru mano o ngā hōia i tūria i taua ngārahu o te rongomau (KO 18/7/1887:3). / On the 10th of this month of July the telegraph message arrived from London saying that a military parade was held before the Queen and 58,000 soldiers stood at that peace parade.
6. (noun) war dance - haka in which the men are armed and jump up and down. Performed by the war party before going into battle, in front of elders and experienced warriors who judged by their performance whether they were ready to go into battle. Also called tūtū ngārehu, tūtū waewae and whakatū waewae.
Ko ngā Māori i whakaritea hei hunga pupuhi i hui tahanga kau ki tētahi wāhi o te tāone, kei ngā tikihope anake te kahu, ā tūria ana te ngārahu ki reira (TWMNT 13/2/1877:28). / The Māori who were organised to take part in the firing assembled at place in the town without clothing except round the loins, and performed the war dance there.
See also tūtū ngārahu
kōtara
1. (noun) war belt - a long band of woven flax wound round the body as armour in battle.
Ko ngā patu poto a te hokowhitu nei i huna ki muri i ngā tuarā, i titia iho ki roto i ngā tātua kōtara (JPS 1910:200). / The one hundred and forty men concealed their short clubs behind their backs, stuck in their war-belts.
2. (noun) blue shark, Prionace glauca - sometimes as mangō aupounamu or mangō au pounamu. Light-bodied with long pectoral fins. Body slender, tapering from the snout. The top of the body is deep blue, lighter on the sides, and the underside is white. The male blue shark commonly grows to 1.82 to 2.82 m at maturity, whereas the larger females commonly grow to 2.2 to 3.3 m. They feed primarily on small fish and squid, although they can take larger prey. Common throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand.
Kia akona hoki ki a koe te karakia taki mai i ngā mokopuna a Rongo-huakai, te mangō aupounamu, te mangō huri taniwha, te mangō makomako, te mangō waha tara. He mangō kai tangata katoa ēnei (JPS 1922:23). / You should be taught the karakia that attract the offspring of Rongo-huakai, the blue shark, the huritaniwha shark, the mako shark and the dogfish. These are all man eating sharks.
Synonyms: matawhā, mangō au pounamu, mangō pounamu, taha pounamu, ngengero
Tūkāriri
1. (personal name) atua of war and humans - also known as Tū-mata-uenga, he was one of the offspring of Rangi-nui and Papa-tū-ā-nuku who wanted to kill his parents for not letting the sun shine on their children.
Ko te atua o te pakanga, ko Tū-mata-uenga. He maha ōna ingoa: Tū-kā-riri, Tū-te-ngaehe, Tū-mata-uenga, Tū-tawake, Tū-whakamoana-ariki, Tū-kai-taua, Tū-kai-tangata (M 2006:122). / The atua of war, Tū-mata-uenga. He has several names: Tū-kā-riri (Tū-the angry-one), Tū-te-ngaehe (Tū-who-tears-apart), Tū-mata-uenga (Tū-who-incites), Tū-tawake (Tū-who-hastens), Tū-whakamoana-ariki (Tū-who-enriches-the-sea), Tū-kai-taua (Tū-who-destroys-war-parties), Tū-kai-tangata (Tū-who-destroys-mankind) (M 2006:123).
