hāngū
1. (verb) to be dumb, mute, quiet, incommunicative, not talkative, silent, taciturn, passive, still.
Ko ana tikanga e rite ana ki tā mātou titiro ki te tangata i kīia e te iwi he tino tangata, ā hāngū tonu iho (TW 26/7/1875:112). / In our opinion his career is like the man who the people said was wise, but was mute.
2. (modifier) dumb, mute, quiet, incommunicative, not talkative, silent, taciturn, passive.
Mā tana noho hāngū ka kīia ai e te iwi he tika te kōrero tūtara mōna (TW 11/8/1877:322). / Because he remained silent the people said that the rumour about him was correct.
Synonyms: wahangū, whakaroau, mū, noho ngutu kau, ngū, mōhū, whakakeke, haumūmū, whakamārie, whakamāria, whakamārire, hū, rata, hūnguengue, rarata, mārire, maho, rangimārie, māhaki, māika, nohopuku, tōngā, nguengue
3. (noun) mute.
I whakapai nei i ngā tamariki i mauria atu ki a Ia; i whakaora nei i ngā matapō, i ngā taringa kua turi, i ngā hāngū, i ngā kopa, i ngā repera (THM 1/4/1889:5). / He blessed the children brought to Him; cured the blind, the deaf, the mute, the lame and the lepers.
4. (modifier) passive - a grammatical term for passive sentences (rerenga hāngū) when the subject undergoes the action of the verb, i.e. is passive not active. In Māori, verbs used in passive sentences usually take a passive ending and the agent of the action is preceded by e.
He rerenga hāngū tēnei: Ka tukuna atu e mātou he karere ki a Rua i Matahī, kia haere mai ki te āwhina i a mātou (TTT 1/5/1925:227). / This is a passive sentence: A message was sent by us to Rua at Matahī to come to assist us.
See also pīmuri whakahāngū
pīmuri whakahāngū
1. (noun) passive suffix, passive ending - endings added to a verb that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending. The passive endings are: -tia, -hia, -ngia, -a, -ia, -ina, -kia, -mia, -na, -nga, -ria, -whia, -whina, -kina.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 88;)
Ko ia te tangata whai mana o tēnei marae o Pehiaweri, he tangata hoki ia i arohaina nuitia e ōna iwi ake, me ōna hoa Pākehā hoki (TP 10/1903:6). / He was the person who had authority of this marae, Periaweri, and was a person greatly loved by his own tribes and also by his Pākehā friends.
See also pīmuri
Synonyms: hiku whakahāngū, kūmuri hāngū
kūmuri hāngū
1. (noun) passive suffix, passive ending - endings added to a verb that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending. The passive endings are: -tia, -hia, -ngia, -a, -ia, -ina, -kia, -mia, -na, -nga, -ria, -whia, -whina, -kina.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 88;)
See also tūmahi hāngū
Synonyms: hiku whakahāngū, pīmuri whakahāngū
hiku whakahāngū
1. (noun) passive suffix, passive ending - endings added to a verb that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending.
Anei ngā hiku whakahāngū o te reo Māori: -a, -hia, -hina, -ia, -ina, -kia, -kina, -mia, -na, -nga, -ngia, -ria, -tia, -whia, -whina. / Here are the passive suffixes of Māori: -a, -hia, -hina, -ia, -ina, -kia, -kina, -mia, -na, -nga, -ngia, -ria, -tia, -whia, -whina.
2. (modifier) passive (grammar).
I te reo Māori he mea nui ngā pīmuri whakahāngū, pērā i te -tia me te -ngia (PK 2008:636). / In the Māori language passive endings, such as -tia and -ngia, are important.
3. (noun) passive (grammar).
Ki ētahi ākonga, he uaua te whakamahi i te whakahāngū. / According to some students, using the passive is difficult.
2. (adjective) smoked.
hāngūtanga
1. (noun) passive verb - a word that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending. The passive endings are: -tia, -hia, -ngia, -a, -ia, -ina, -kia, -mia, -na, -nga, -ria, -whia, -whina, -kina.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85;)
Synonyms: tūmahi hāngū
tūmahi hāngū
1. (noun) passive verb - a word that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending. The passive endings are: -tia, -hia, -ngia, -a, -ia, -ina, -kia, -mia, -na, -nga, -ria, -whia, -whina, -kina.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 88;)
I te rerenga kōrero 'kua horoia ngā rīhi', ko te 'horoia' te tūmahi hāngū. / In the sentence 'kua horoia ngā rīhi', 'horoia' is the passive verb.
See also pīmuri whakahāngū
Synonyms: hāngūtanga
rāngia
1. (verb) wed, marry - only used in this passive form.
Ko te wahine nāna tēnei waiata nō Ngāti Rora, hapū o Ngāti Maniapoto, ko Mahora te ingoa. I rāngia a Te Rangi-hiroa hei tāne māna (TTT 1/12/1928:s52). / The woman who composed this song was from Ngāti Rora, subtribe of Ngāti Maniapoto. Her name was Mahora and she married Te Rangihīroa.
rokohanga
1. (verb) to be overtaken, be found, come upon (only used in the passive forms).
Ka tomokia te whare o te kaumātua rā, rokohanga atu e noho ana i te taha o te ahi, e tū ana hoki te kōhua kai (KO 15/9/1883:7). / When they entered that elder's house, they came upon him sitting beside the fire and a pot of food.
rokohina
1. (verb) to be overtaken, be found, come upon (only used in these passive forms).
Auina ake ka rere, ka hoe, ā ka rokohina atu a Te Rauparaha i te wāhi e kīia nei e te Pākehā ko Cloudy Bay, arā, i Kākuta (JPS 1901:92). / Next morning they set off paddling and overtook Te Rauparaha at the place called by Pākehā Cloudy Bay, that is Kākuta.
2. (noun) in peace, placidness, non-agressiveness, passiveness.
Ka tae ki Te Uma-o-Te Aowehea (te kāinga o Hōri Mahue i ēnei rā), ka anga te aroaro o Te Rangipaia ki te pā, ka patu ki waenganui i ōna kūhā. He whakaatu tēnei ki te pā, ki te iwi hoki, he tamawahine te haere nei, arā, he maungārongo (TKO 31/8/1919:6). / When they reached Te Uma-o-Te Aowehea (Hōri Mahue's home these days) Te Rangipaia faced the pā and hit between his thighs. This was to show the people in the pā that this was a passive visit, that is it was peaceful.
Synonyms: hūmārika
3. (noun) east.
2. (noun) down, pappus - the tuft of hairs on each seed of raupō, thistles, dandelions and similar plants.
Anō he puarere te ngohengohe (Ng 1993:482). / As soft as thistledown (Ng 1993:482).
3. (noun) rice bubbles.
hāngū-kore
1. (noun) not in the passive (grammar).
Nā, ko te huarahi tuarua e whakaaetia ana, ko te whai i te whakatakoto hāngū-kore, me te kuhu atu i te 'i' ki muri tonu i te tangata māna te mahi, pēnei nā: Me horoi tāua i ngā utauta nei (HJ 2012:54). / Now, the second way that is allowed is to follow the pattern not in the passive, with the inclusion of the 'i' immediately after the person who will do the action, e.g. You and I should wash these dishes.
2. (noun) (grammar) passive.
taea
1. (verb) to be able, accomplished, possible - although this word derives from tae and its passive ending -a, it has developed a feature distinct from the normal passive construction, in that the action of which someone is said to be capable is preceded by te and no preposition. Unlike other verbs in the passive which do not take a passive ending when following me, taea may occur after me. If taea is modified by a base and/or a particle, which would normally take a passive ending after a verb in the passive, then that base or particle also has a passive ending (usually -tia).
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 75-76;)
Ka taea ēnei kōrero e ia te tuhi. / He is able to write down this account.
Kīhai i oti i a ia tana tohu paetahi; ahakoa i taea ngāwaritia noatia e ia te nuinga o ngā mahi (TTR 1996:66). / He did not complete his BA; although he was able to do most of his subjects quite easily.
Synonyms: kaha, tare, āhei, waewae kai pakiaka, tareka, kei a [koe] mō te ..., toa, ringa rehe, Kei a ... mō te ..., riwha
