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Loan words

Historical loan words

rawa

1. (particle) indeed, really, exceedingly, exactly, so, very, quite, especially - a manner particle following immediately after the word it relates to to indicate extremeness or excessiveness. It may be used after all types of bases, but particularly with negatives, adjectives and verbs as described below. Where rawa follows a verb in the passive it will take a passive ending also, usually -tia. In this situation the passive ending may be dropped from the verb, but not from rawa.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 120; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 44, 91-92;)

Hangaia rawatia he whare hou mōna (TTR 1996:134). / A new house was built especially for her.

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Synonyms: koia, āhua, anō, tino, noa, tonu, kere, āta, hangehange, hengahenga, kāhua, (ko) tōna ... (nei), tou, noa iho, katoa, i neki, inā, ata, rā anō, rā pea, rānō, mārie, mārika, mārire, ia rā, koa, tinana, koia, koia,


2. (particle) eventually, finally, as soon as, by the time, only when, right up until - indicates a significant time lapse or effort and often follows verbs without verbal particles in subordinate clauses. Often followed by mai, atu, ake or iho.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 113;)

Tae rawa atu ia, kua moe kē a Herewini. / When they eventually arrived Selwyn was already asleep.

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Synonyms: rā anō, ā, noa


3. (particle) not at all, never - following negatives to strengthen the assertion of the negation.

(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 90;)

E kore rawa rātou e whakaae ki tēnā. / They will never agree to that.

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Synonyms: auare ake, nōhea, hore kau, kāhore kau, hore rawa, tōu ene, weta, nōwhea


4. (particle) too, overly, unduly - this usage indicates an unsatisfactory degree of a quality or attribute (either excessive or inadequate).

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 120; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 44;)

Ka nui rawa ō moni! / You've got too much money!

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5. (particle) very, extremely, so, most - when preceded by an adjective and followed by atu it expresses the superlative.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 120; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 44;)

He ātaahua rawa atu tēnei wāhi. / This place is extremely beautiful.

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6. (particle) all the way, completely, right to, right above - when following location words.

I kumea te waka ki uta rawa. / The canoe was dragged all the way up the beach.

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Synonyms: rānō, rā anō


7. (particle) until, till - following kia and a verb.

Me tatari koe kia tae rawa mai te pahi. / You had better wait until the bus arrives.

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8. (particle) must, really had better - following me and a verb, it intensifies the meaning of the obligation.

Me hoki rawa mai koe ā mua o te weheruatanga o te pō. / You really had better return before midnight.

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Synonyms: mātua, me, hōpurupuru


9. (particle) highest - when following runga.

I piki a Tāne ki te rangi o runga rawa. / Tāne climbed to the highest of the heavens.

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rawa

1. (noun) goods, property, wealth, chattels, resource, asset.

He nui anō te whai rawa o te iwi kiri pango i te koura, i te hiriwa, i te peara me ngā kōhatu utu nui me te whenua (TPH 15/8/1900:2). / The blacks have great wealth in gold, silver, pearls and precious stones and land.

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See also penapena rawa

Synonyms: matatiki, rauemi, mea, kame, taonga, utauta, āhuatanga, hautaonga, hanga


2. (noun) ground, cause, object.

He aha te rawa o taua haere? (W 1971:332). / What was the purpose of that trip?

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Synonyms: ahanoa, tarawene, mea, tohe, tohetohe, taonga, whakakāhore, whakatoitoi, takunetanga


3. (noun) basis of a quarrel, dispute.

Ko te take o tērā rawa, he tahā manu (W 1971:332). / The cause of that dispute was a calabash of preserved birds.

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rawa rākau

1. (noun) woodwork.

rawa pūtea

1. (noun) embezzlement.

rawa mārena

1. (noun) matrimonial property.

rawa whakanao

1. (noun) (industry) plant.

haupū rawa

1. (noun) (accounting) capital.

rawa taiao

1. (noun) natural resource.

He kōrero ēnei mō ngā rawa taiao a te iwi. / These are accounts about the natural resources of the tribe.

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Synonyms: rawa māori

rawa taketake

1. (noun) raw material.

haupū rawa

1. (noun) capital (finance).

He rerekē ngā taumahatanga kei runga i te ahuwhenua Māori e pā ana ki te mana, te whakahaere, te āheinga ki ngā haupū rawa (Te Ara 2015). / Māori agriculture has unique difficulties relating to ownership, management and access to capital.

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ao rawa

1. (noun) material world.

... rawa ake

1. finally when, when eventually - used to indicate that the person only realised when it was too late or very late in the piece.

Oho rawa ake au, kua kaha te tītaha haere o te rā (HP 1991:160). / When I finally woke up the sun was very low in the sky.
Hoki rawa ake ki Whangaroa i muri mai, kua mate kē a Turikatuku (TTR 1990:379). / Later when he eventually returned to Whangaroa, Turikatuku had already died.

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penapena rawa

1. resource management.

Synonyms: whakahaere rauemi

inā rawa

1. that's amazing, how amazing - an idiom expressing amazement at something the speaker has just learnt.

Rangi: I puta pai a tama waimori i tana whakamātautau. Pare: Inā rawa! (HKK 1999:126). / Rangi: Lazybones son passed his examination. Pare: That's amazing!

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Runga Rawa

1. (personal name) Almighty God, Almighty.

Kia kore ia e whara, e mōrearea noa, koropiko rawa a Īhakara ki te Runga Rawa (TTR 1998:164). / So that he would not be hurt or exposed to danger, Īhakara prayed to the Almighty.

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hore rawa

1. (negative) not at all, never.

Hore rawa a Rina Ruru i moe tāne (TTR 2000:191). / Lena never married.

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Synonyms: auare ake, rawa, nōwhea, tōu ene, weta, hore kau, kāhore kau, nōhea

rawa whatungarongaro

1. (noun) non-renewable resource.

He rawa whatungarongaro te koranehe - ki te tahuna, kua ngaro noa atu (RP 2009:267). / Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources - once burnt, they are gone.

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rawa whakahou

1. (noun) renewable resource.

rawa hangarua

1. (noun) recycled material.

He tauira tēnei o tētahi toi pūeru kua hangaia katoatia ki te rawa hangarua (RTA 2014:181). / This is an example of a piece of wearable art made entirely with recycled material.

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rawa māori

1. (noun) natural resource.

E āhei ana te ākonga ki te whakaatu mai i te rerekē o ngā rawa māori me ngā rawa hangarau (To 1999:91). / The student is able to show the difference between natural and synthetic resources.

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Synonyms: rawa taiao

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