kakū
1. (verb) to make a harsh grating sound.
Kakū ana tana ngao i ngā kai papai a te Pākehā, engari ko tēhea atu hoki i te kānga kōpiro, i te toroī, i te kōura mara, i te kina i rāua ki te wai māori mō ngā rā e toru, i te kōuka, i te mangō me te kererū huahua, he mea kōtutu katoa i roto anō i ōna hinu (TTR 1998:206). / He enjoyed the finest of Pākehā foods but relished fermented corn, pickled pūhā and mussels, crayfish fermented in fresh water, sea-urchins steeped in fresh water for three days, inner baby fronds of the cabbage tree, shark, and wild pigeons preserved entirely in their own fat.
2. (verb) to grate.
E tama, kuorotia mai he tīhi ki runga i ā tāua tōtiti. / Son, grate some cheese on top of our sausages, please.
3. (noun) grater, grating.
Ruiruia ki te tīhi kua oti te kuoro (HJ 2012:231). / Sprinkle on the cheese that has been grated.
kukū
1. (verb) to make a grating sound.
Synonyms: ngakeke
2. (noun) grating sound.
I te waka rā anō e tōia ana, ka rongo a Kupu i te kukū o te takere o te waka rā (NM 1928:27). / When that canoe was being dragged Kupe heard the grating sound of the canoe's hull.
ngakeke
1. (verb) to creak, make a grating sound, rasp.
Ngakeke ana tō rātou poti i runga i ngā kōhatu nei (TWK 15:29). / Their boat creaked on top of these rocks.
Synonyms: kukū
2. (noun) creak, grating sound, rasp.
Kāore a au e rata ki te ngakeke a te maikuku i runga i te papa tuhituhi (Ng 1993:375). / I cannot stand the rasp of fingernails scratching a blackboard.
waruwaru
1. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-tia) to remove the outer coating, scrape, grate, pare, shear, peel.
Synonyms: tīhore, kutikuti, kuti, whakatītaha, tītaha, whakaiho, katikati, hīhorehore, waru, hiako, hohore, hore, peha, pīhore, tahitahi, pīra, hihore, wharowharo, raku, tuakuku, okoi, rakuraku, weku, hākuku, whawharo, kauhoro, honihoni, tīwani, raraku, rakaraka, hāro, harakuku, wani, pākēkē, wakuwaku, waku, kaku, kowani
2. (modifier) paring, scraping, grating, shearing.
I whakatenetene tonu nei te kaiwhakaako o Pine a Rotohiko Haupapa, he whao waruwaru noa nei tāna, ki te whāki atu i ngā muna whakairo a Te Arawa ki ngā kaiako o Ngāti Porou (TTR 1998:186). / Pine's teacher, Rotohiko Haupapa, was using only the paring chisel, and was reluctant to reveal the secrets of Te Arawa carving skills to the students from Ngāti Porou.
3. (noun) removing the outer coating, shearing, paring, scraping, grating.
Tīhema. Ko ngā mahi mō tēnei marama, rite tahi ana ki ō tērā kua pahemo atu rā, arā, te mahi kāri, te whakatō purapura, te ngaki otaota, te hanga taiepa, te kāta rākau, te waruwaru i ngā hipi, me te whakamaroke i ngā tarutaru hei kai mā te hōiho (TKM.MM 16/12/1861:20). / December. The work for this month is the same as that for the one just passed, that is, working the garden, planting out seeds, weeding, erecting fences, carting wood, shearing the sheep, and making hay as food for the horses.
Synonyms: katikati, kutikuti, kuti, hākuku, raraku, hāro, honihoni
whakawhetai
1. (verb) (-tia) to give thanks, be grateful - reputed to have been adopted from Tahitian in post European contact times.
E whakawhetai ana te komiti ki te kaha o Mohi Tūrei ki te tuhi mai i ēnei kōrero i runga i tōna tuarā, i roto i ōna māuiuitanga taumaha (TP 9/1908:3). / The committee is grateful for Mohi Tūrei's energy in writing these accounts while on his back with his serious illnesses.
2. (modifier) thanking.
He rā whakawhetai nā mātou te Hāterei, te 24 o ngā rā o Mei, ko te rā i whānau ai te Kuīni (TWMNT 28/5/1873:57). / Saturday, 24 May, is the day that the Queen was born and is our day to give thanks.
3. (noun) thanks, gratitude, appreciation.
Ki te Matua i te rangi ngā whakamoemiti me ngā whakawhetai mō tēnei manaakitanga nui i a matou i puta ora katoa ai mātou i roto i tēnei parekura (TTT 1/9/1930:2137). / To the Father in heaven we give praise and thanks for this great kindness to us in saving us in this disaster.
2. (verb) (-a) to scrape together, gather.
Synonyms: ope
4. (noun) grated kūmara.
Ka hiahia a Papa-pou-namu ki te haere ki Kaihu. Ka tae, ka kite i te kūmara, i te taro, i te uwhi, i te roroi, i te kao (JPS 1923:233). / Papa-pounamu wanted to go to Kaihu. When he arrived there, he saw the kūmara, taro, yams, the grated kūmara and the dried kūmara.
2. (intransitive verb) to be crisp.
Ka rawe tēnei āporo - pakepakē ana! (HJ 2017:111). / This apple is excellent - it's crisp!
3. (noun) creaking, crackling, crunching sound, grating, sharpness.
Ko tōna ingoa kārangaranga i waenga i te hunga ākonga ko Te Reo, arā, ko te Voice, nā te mea rangona ai te pakepakē, te tīorooro me te tīkākā o tōna reo i ngā wāhi katoa (HM 4/11:1). / Her nickname amongst the students was Te Reo, that is the Voice, because the sharpness, the screeching and the shrillness of her voice was the thing that was heard everywhere.
2. (adjective) be prickly, irritating, having sharp projections, unpalatable.
Kāore ahau e kaha ki te kai i ō kai, he tiotio ki tōku korokoro (TPH 15/10/1901:7). / I'm not able to eat your food because it irritates my throat.
Synonyms: kōtaratara, matara, taratara, tuatete, mākinakina, korotiotio, pūtiotio
3. (modifier) unpalatable, sticking in the gullet.
Kāore au e pai ki ēnei manga. He kai tiotio ki taku korokoro (HJ 2012:206). / I don't like these greens. They stick in my gullet.
4. (noun) jarring, discordant, harshness, irritation, annoyance.
Nui atu te tiotio o ēnā kupu whakahāwea ki aku taringa (HJ 2012:206). / Those contemptuous words really jar on my ears.
He waia ōku taringa ki te reo tika - reo Ingarihi, reo Māori. Nui atu te tiotio o ōku taringa ki te rongo ki te reo hē (TTT 1/7/1929:1018). / My ears are accustomed to correct language - both English and Māori. But it grates on my ears to hear incorrect language.
5. (noun) barnacle.
Ka pirau noa iho tētahi taha o te wahine rā, ka tupuria e te tiotio (TP 6/1909:3). / One side of that women was decaying and was grown over with barnacles.
Synonyms: koromāungaunga, werewere
kauhoro
1. (verb) (-a,-ngia,-tia) to scrape, rub with anything rough, rasp, grate.
I kauhorotia a Hoani e te rākau (W 1971:106). / John was scraped by the tree.
Synonyms: ngakeke, kuoro, hikahika, okoi, weku, kowani, kaku, waku, wakuwaku, pākēkē, waru, wani, harakuku, hāro, rakaraka, raraku, tīwani, honihoni, wharowharo, raku, tuakuku, rakuraku, hākuku, whawharo, tahitahi, waruwaru
2. (modifier) grating, rasping.
Ko te raraku a te nēra i runga tīni te tatangi māngūngungu kino e mōhio ana ahau (Ng 1993:186). / A nail scratching on tin is the worst grating sound I know (Ng 1993:186).
Synonyms: hākuku
3. (noun) flax clappers.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 167;)
He ōrite te tōkere ki te pākōkō, ki te pākēkē (Wh3 2003:167). / Castanets are like wooden and flax clappers.
