karāhe
1. (loan) (noun) glass, mirror.
Synonyms: karaehe, karaihe, whakaata, whakaataata
2. (loan) (noun) class.
2. (noun) classroom.
Ka rawe kē ngā pānui whakaahua a ngā tamariki e iri mai ana ki tō rātou akomanga (PK 2008:14). / The children's posters hanging in their classroom were excellent.
3. (noun) course (of study), training course.
Kua rahi ake ngā akomanga me ngā whare whakaako mō ngā kaupapa whakaari, ngā whakaari, kapa haka, kanikani hoki (Te Ara 2015). / There are more courses and institutions for visual arts, drama, Māori traditional performing arts and dance.
hauhauā
1. (noun) plebeian, lower class person, lowborn person, commoner.
I ngā wā o mua, e kore te ariki e whakaaetia kia moe i te hauhauā. / In former times, an ariki would never be allowed to marry a commoner.
Synonyms: kāraroraro, kurumetometo, tautauhea, tautauwhea, mahimahi, hūnguengue
2. (modifier) cowardly.
Kātahi te tangata hauhauā ko koe! (W 1971:39). / What a cowardly person you are!
2. (noun) miser, skinflint, cheapskate, niggard.
He pūtake hoki nō ngā kino katoa te aroha ki te moni. Tērā mārire anō te kaiponu tika mā te tangata, me te hiahia ki te whaitaongatanga. Tēnā ko te apo noa, ko te ngākau riro pū ki runga ki te moni, ko te atuapo, he mea kūare rawa ēnā, he mea whakaweriweri rawa (TWMNT 23/2/1875:46). / The love of money is the root of all evil. There is a frugality appropriate for a person, along with a desire for property, but greed, corruption, and meanness, show extreme ignorance and are despicable.
Synonyms: pitokite, kaikoropeke, ringa poto, kaiponu, matapiko, kaihākere, makitaunu, porokaihākere
wehenga tāngata
1. (noun) class divisions, social divisions.
Kua kore haere ngā wehenga tāngata Māori i ēnei rā, ā, kua kotahi noa ko te Māori anake – nā reira he rangatira katoa ināianei (Te Ara 2015). / Māori social divisions have gone these days and there is just one, only Māori – so all are rangatira now.
akoranga
1. (noun) learning, subject, discipline, profession, school, educational course, academic programme, academic course, teaching, class, lesson.
O ngā nēhi Māori o tōna wā, ko ia anake te mea momoho, ikeike rawa ki te taumata o te akoranga nēhi (TTR 1998:103). / Of the nurses of her era, she alone was so successful and eminent reaching the summit of the nursing profession.
Synonyms: wānanga, manapou, umanga, kura, tuihana, whare kura, wharekura
2. (noun) circumstance of learning, time of learning, place of learning.
He tangata hūmārika noa a Ānaru, ā, nā tana akoranga ki te ture me ngā mahi ake āna i a ia i te Tari Māori i āhei ia ki te whakahaere i ngā take ka nuku kē atu te mana o te poari (TTR 2000:1) / Ānaru was a courteous person, and because of his learning of the law and his work for the Māori Affairs Department, he was able to conduct the board’s affairs and increase its mana.
kātū
1. (noun) type, genre, class, sort, kind.
Kāore he kaumātua o tērā kātū tangata kei te ora tonu i roto o taua iwi i ēnei rangi (B 1979:2). / There are no elders of that type still alive in that tribe today.
See also momo
karangatanga
1. (noun) aspect, relatives, category, class, term - a term used for broad groupings or divisions.
Ko te kupu ‘pepeke’, mō te kakama o te nekeneke haere. Mō ngā ngārara katoa te karangatanga nei (Te Ara 2012). / The word 'pepeke' means to move quickly, and this term is used for all insects.
whaka-
1. (particle) to cause something to happen, cause to be - prefixed to adjectives, statives and verbs that do not take a direct object, including reduplicated forms.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 111-112;)
E whakatikatika ana te kaiako i ngā mahi a Hirini. / The teacher is correcting Sydney's work.
2. (particle) Used with a few verbs of perception that take a direct object, i.e. kite, mōhio, rongo, inu, and ako.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 111-112;)
E whakakite ana ia i tana pūtōrino ki ngā whakaminenga. / She is showing her pūtōrino flute to the audience.
3. (particle) When used as a prefix with a stative the word becomes a verb that takes a direct object and takes a passive ending in passive constructions.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 111-112;)
4. (particle) to become a, translate (with names of languages) - prefixed to some nouns to form both verbs that take a direct object and verbs that do not.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 111-112;)
5. (particle) towards, in the direction of - when prefixed to location words, especially mauī, matau, katau, mua, muri, raro, roto, runga and waho, and to nouns, in which case they will be preceded by te. With mauī, matau and katau, te may precede the location word or it may be omitted. With these they are sometimes written as three words separated by hyphens, e.g. whaka-te-moana. These words are normally used only as second, qualifying bases in a phrase.
(Te Kākano Audio Tapes/CDs (Ed. 2): 112;)
I Waihī ka huri whakauta te ope taua ka whai i te whārua o Pongakawa (TTR 1900:171). / From Waihī the war party turned inland and proceeded along the Pongakawa river valley.
Huri whakatemauī! / Turn left, please!
I te atapō tonu ka maunu te pā nei, ka haere, ka ahu whaka-Waikato (JPS 1899:180). / Just before dawn they retreated from this pā, departed and headed towards Waikato.
Ka titiro whakatemoana te iwi rā; hoki rawa mai te titiro kua ngaro te wahine nei (M 2004:160). / The people all looked towards the sea, and when their gaze returned this woman had disappeared.
Ka patua ko Tākaha i Ōtāwhao i te taha whakauta o Waipāwa (TTR 1990:347). / Tākaha was killed at Ōtāwhao on the inland side of Waipāwa.
See also whakawaho, whakatekaraka, whakamauī, whakamatau, whakamua, whakamuri, whakararo, whakaroto, whakarunga, whakatehauāuru, whakatekatau, whakatemarangai, whakatemauī, whakatemoana, whakateraki, whaka-tētehi-taha, whakatetonga, whakateuma, whakateuru, whakatonga, whakauta, whakaterāwhiti
6. (particle) In a few words of some other classes whaka- may also be used, e.g. āe, atu, kāhore and kore.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 111-112;)
Kīhai rāua i whakaae kia haere au ki te pakanga i Irāki. / They did not agree that I should go to the war in Iraq.
7. (particle) a particular use of the prefix whaka- with numerals is for fractions, but this use is uncommon in modern Māori. Used this way as a noun or to follow a noun as a modifier (i.e. as an adjective).
Āta wehea te whakatekau o ēnei moni mō ngā mahi a Ihowā, tō tātou Atua, arā, mō Tōna Hāhi, mō te kawe i te Rongo Pai ki ngā Tauiwi, mō te whāngai rawakore, pouaru, tūroro, me ērā atu tini mahi pai, mahi aroha (TP 1/9/1901:5). / Carefully divide off a tenth of this money for the work of Jehovah, our God, that is, for His Church, for conveying the Gospel to the heathens, for feeding the poor, widows, invalids, and for those many good works and deeds of charity.
See also whakatekau
waiata tangi
1. (noun) lament - song of mourning with no set actions sung especially at tangihanga. There are waiata tangi for peaceful deaths, deaths resulting from an accident, murder or having been killed in battle. The most numerous class of the traditional songs.
tūwāhi
1. (noun) locative, locative noun, location word - those words which follow immediately after i, ki, hei or kei in the sentence. When they are the subject of the sentence they are preceded by a. Names of places, mountains, regions, rivers, marae, etc. are included in this class. Also included is a small group of words which designate place, e.g. runga, mua, tātahi, tāwāhi, uta and waho.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 15, 121; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-55;)
Me haere tātou ki tātahi. / Let's go to the beach.
Anei ētahi tūwāhi o te reo Māori: runga, muri, tua, waho, konā, uta (PK 2008:1024). / Here are some locatives of Māori: runga, muri, tua, waho, konā, uta.
2. (determiner) the - when referring to a whole class of things or people designated by the noun that follows.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 48; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 125;)
Kī tonu te wharenui i te tamariki. / The meeting house was full of children.
3. (determiner) Mr, mister, sir - used before people's names to show respect. When used this way it begins with a capital letter.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 190-191;)
Kei Te Wharehuia, tēnei te mihi atu mō tō āwhina mai. / Wharehuia sir, thank you most sincerely for your help.
Synonyms: Mita
4. (determiner) Used in front of another verb following a stative.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 58, 99-100;)
5. (determiner) Used in front of another verb following taea.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 75-76;)
Ka taea e ia tēnei waiata te whakamāori. / She will be able to interpret this song.
6. (determiner) Used before the names for the days of the week.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 30;)
7. (determiner) Sometimes used before numbers with a following noun.
8. (determiner) Used before ordinal numbers including those using tua-.
(Te Māhuri Study Guide (Ed. 1): 12;)
I piki a Tāne-nui-a-rangi ki te tuangahuru mā rua o ngā rangi. / Tāne-nui-a-rangi climbed to the twelfth realm.
9. .
See also i te, kei te ..., ki te ...
he kore [nōna]
1. because she doesn't - a negative phrase to give the reason why something wasn't done, where nōna can be replaced by other n-class possessives.
Nōhea ēnā weriweri e whakaae mai he kore nō rātou i pai mai ki tā tātou i tono nei. / No way will those 'so and sos' agree because they don’t like what we’re asking of them.
