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Idioms

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Loan words

Historical loan words

whakarunga

1. (modifier) south, southern, upper.

I muri mai i tērā, arā i te tau 1909, ka whakaaturia e ia ki te ao tōna hiahia ki te rere tonu mā runga i tōna kaipuke ki te pito whakarunga o te ao (TP 3/1912:6). / After that, that is in 1909, he revealed to the world his desire to sail on his ship to the south pole.

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2. (modifier) upwards, up, towards the top.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 112;)

I tana kitenga i tētahi Pākehā e ngaki ana i tana kāri i te Rātapu, ā, i tana kore hoki e mōhio ki te reo Pākehā, kātahi ka tohu whakarunga tōna ringa, he whakamahara nāna i taua Pākehā ki te Atua kia mōhio ai ia ki te hē o tana mahi (TP 10/1905:9). / When he saw a Pākehā weeding his garden on a Sunday, and because he didn't know English he pointed upwards with his hand, a reminder to the Pākehā of God so that he would know he was doing wrong.

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