2. (modifier) young, youthful, immature (of people).
Kāore i pērā ngā rangatira tamariki ake (TTR 1990:231). / He is not like younger chiefs.
3. (noun) children - normally used only in the plural.
E rua ngā kōti tēnehi, me tētahi wāhi purei hōkī, otirā he wāhi motuhake mō ngā tini tākaro a ngā tamariki (TTT 1/12/1930:2201). / There were two tennis courts and a place to play hockey, indeed a special place for the many children's games.
tamariki whāngai
1. (noun) foster children, adopted children.
I te matenga o Erueti, whakataua ana e Tiati Tiakihana Pāma kāore e tika kia uru ana tamariki whāngai Pākehā ki ōna whenua (TP 6/1908:5). / When Erueti died Judge Jackson Palmer decided that his Pākehā foster children had no rights to his lands.
See also whāngai, tamaiti whāngai, matua whāngai
whanawhanau
1. (verb) (-a) to be born, be produced - implies a number of births.
E kīia ana ngā kōrero mō tana wahine tuatoru, mō Ākenehi Pātoka, 13 ngā tamariki i whanawhanaua e ia, engari tokorua noa iho e ora ana i te matenga o Tomoana (TTR 1994:189). / It was said that he had 13 children with his third wife, Agnes Pātoka, but only two were alive when Tomoana died.
2. (noun) having children, giving birth.
Karekau tonu i mutu te whanawhanau a tō mātau whāea (EM 2002:64). / Our mother had not stopped having children.
whāereere
1. (noun) mother (of one's children), wife.
Ka haere a Tūrongo ki te rāwhiti, ā, ka tae ki te kāinga o Te Angiangi rāua ko te whāereere, ko Tuaka, i te takiwā ki Kahotea (TWK 3:19). / Tūrongo went to the east and arrived at the home of Te Angiangi and his wife, Tuaka, in the district of Kahotea.
2. (noun) mother (of animals).
Ka tere mate ngā kūao whānau hou ki te kore e tere kitea te waiū o te whāereere (HJ 2015:235). / New-born offspring will die quickly if they don't find the mother's milk in a short space of time.
Synonyms: tīaka
whakaaetanga tiaki tamariki
1. (noun) parenting agreement, protection of children agreement.
Ka whakarārangi mai i tētahi whakaaetanga tiaki tamariki i ngā whakatau kua whakaaehia (Ministry of Justice MOJ0560M 2014:2) / It outlines a protection of children agreement and the decisions that have been agreed upon.
pakokori
1. (noun) deck house, cabin (of a large canoe).
Ka arahina rāua e Ruru ki runga ki te waka, ā ka haere rāua ki roto ki te pakokori a Ruru noho ai, ka huna rāua e Ruru ki reira (White 2 1889:27). / They were led onto the canoe by Ruru and they went into Ruru's cabin to stay where Ruru hid them.
2. (noun) play-pen (for small children).
Ka ngōki te tamaiti, ka tū ki runga, ka hangaia e te matua, e ngā tīpuna rānei, he pakokori hei tūnga mō te tamaiti i roto, hei ngā kēkē o te tamaiti te tiketike. He mea porohita te mahinga, he mea pou ki te rākau. Ko runga he mea porohita ki te aka tokai ka whakapuru ai a roto ki te hungahunga whitau, ka hoatu te tamaiti ki roto tū ai, kori ai. Ko tēnei tikanga hei homai kaha uaua ki ngā waewae me te tinana katoa. Ka tangi, ka whāngaia e te hākui i roto tonu i te pakokori i te tamaiti e tū ana i runga i ōna waewae, kia pai ai te heke o te kai ki roto i tōna tinana (TPH 15/1/1900:1). / When the child was able to walk and stand up, the father or grandparents made a play-pen for the child to stand in, and its height was up to the armpits of the child. It was made to be circular and held up with wooden sticks. The top was wound with creeper lashing and the inside was padded with soft flax fibre. The child was placed inside to stand up and to play. This practice was to strengthen the legs and the whole body. When it cried, it was fed by the mother right in the play-pen while the child was standing, so that the food went into its body.
rotarota
1. (verb) (-ia) to sign (with the hands), use sign language.
Kātahi ka haere whakamomoka taua tangata ki tētahi wāhi e tino mārama ai tana titiro atu ki te mahi a taua tangata. Nā, tino kitea ana e ia te mahi a taua tangata tiaki raiti, e rotarota ana ki ētahi Poa i runga i tētahi maunga i tawhiti atu e tū mai ana (TPH 30/3/1900:5). / Then that man went covertly to that place so that he could see clearly what that man was doing. Now, he saw clearly what the light keeper was doing was signalling to some Boers on a mountain standing in the distance.
2. (noun) signal with the hand.
Nō tō rāua kitenga atu i taua taipō ka mutu tā rāua kai, kātahi rāua ka tahuri ki te karakia. Ka mutu kātahi ka rotarota mai te taipō nei ki a rāua, ko te rotarota tēnei: ko te ringa i haere i te pāpāringa mauī ki te pāpāringa katau (TPH 29/9/1900:5). / When they saw that ghost they stopped eating and then began to say ritual chants. When they stopped the ghost made a hand sign to them and this was the gesture: its hand went from its left cheek to the right cheek.
3. (noun) verse for children.
Ko te rotarota he momo rerenga o te kupu e pārekareka ana ki te kōhungahunga. Ka whai wāhi atu ko ngā nuka reo, pērā i te huarite, te oropuare tārua me te orokati tārua (RMR 2017). / Rotarota is a type of verse or phrasing which is appealing to young children. It may contain literary devices such as rhyme, assonance and alliteration (RMR 2017).
tamariki kokoti tau
1. premature babies, children born prematurely - only used in the plural.
Tohutohu mō te tiaki i ngā tamariki kokoti tau, me ngā tamariki ngoikore (TP 5/1908:7). / Instructions for the care of premature babies and for weakly infants.
See also tamaiti kokoti tau
2. (modifier) immature, undeveloped.
Me kī koia nei te hunga pīkari, te hunga pangore kāore tonu i roa i muri mai i te paopaotanga o ngā hua o te manu (HM 4/1997:5). / Let's say that this group are the chicks, the immature ones and it's not long since they've hatched from the bird's eggs.
3. (noun) child, children, youngster.
Kua kore he tāngata o roto o te pā, he wāhine, he pangore anake (W 1971:258). / The are no longer any men in the fort, only women and children.
Aho Matua
1. The philosophical base for Kura Kaupapa Māori education for the teaching and learning of children. Te Aho Matua is presented in six parts, each part having a special focus on what, from a Māori point of view, is crucial in the education of children: 1. Te ira tangata – the physical and spiritual endowment of children and the importance of nurturing both in their education; 2. Te reo – principles by which this bilingual competence will be achieved; 3. Ngā iwi – principles important in the socialisation of children; 4. Te ao – those aspects of the world that impact on the learning of children; 5. Āhuatanga ako – the principles of teaching practice that are of vital importance in the education of children; 6. Te tino uaratanga – the characteristics aiming to be developed in children.
whāngai
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-nga,-tia) to feed, nourish, bring up, foster, adopt, raise, nurture, rear.
Kaua hei whāngaia te pēpi ki te pātara (TTT 1/10/1927:699). / Don't feed the baby with a bottle.
Synonyms: hikutira, hikumaro, kōkai, taute, poipoi, ahu, whaipainga, whai painga, whakawairākau, riaki, whakatū, whakaara, whakaikeike, whakarawe, whakatipu, whakatāiri, whakaaranga, kōranga, hāpai, hī, huataki, rangahua, huaranga, araara, whakatiputipu, whakakaurera, riariaki, whakatairangaranga, hiki, mairanga, whakapakeke, whakatupu
2. (modifier) fostered, adoptive, foster.
Ka mate te matua whāngai, e riro rānei te whenua o te tūpāpaku i te tamaiti whāngai?...Ko te tikanga Māori mō te tamaiti whāngai, ka hoki anō ki roto i ngā pānga o ōna mātua ake, i runga anō i te take huihui, i heke mai i roto i te tino take ki te whenua, kāore hoki te whāngai e tangohia i waho o ngā whakapapa me te toto (TPH 30/8/1902:2). / When the foster parent dies, is the land of the deceased inherited by the foster child?...In Māori custom an adopted child would fall back on the rights to the land shares of his/her birth parents which would occur in gatherings where the inheritance of land was passed on, and the foster child would not have rights outside genealogical and blood ties. (Statements by Īhāia Hūtana of Ngāti Kahungunu.)
See also matua whāngai, mātua whāngai, tamaiti whāngai, whaea whāngai, tamariki whāngai
3. (noun) foster child, adopted child - this is a customary practice. Often a couple's first child was brought up by grandparents or adopted by one of the brothers or sisters of a parent, but almost always the foster child was a blood relation, usually a close relation. This practice continues today, but inheritance of land and property is not clear-cut. Sometimes the foster child would be entitled to inherit the foster father's property, especially if a child was adopted at birth and remained with the foster parents through to adulthood and looked after the adopted parent(s) in their old age. In this case the foster child would share the interests with any natural children. The rights of a foster child might be modified if an ōhākī (bequest) by the foster father had been made. Foster children always knew who their natural parents were.
Nō te whānautanga o Te Ataihaea, he kōtiro, kua hiahia tō mātau māmā kia riro mai i a ia hai whāngai māna (HP 1991:19). / When Te Ataihaea, a girl, was born our mother wanted to adopt her as a foster child.
Hāwea, Wiha Mohi Penetito
1. (personal name) (?-2009) Ngāti Awa. A fluent speaker, translator and promoter of Māori language, Wiha was a teacher for 15 years at pioneering Huntly immersion school Te Wharekura o Rākaumangamanga. She was a contributor to the Māori language dictionary, He Pātaka Kupu and a lead translator on the Māori Google project. More recently she was a language coach on Vincent Ward's film Rain of the Children, which was co-produced by her husband Tainui Stephens. Also known as Wiha Te Raki Hāwea.
a
1. (particle) of, belonging to - used when the possessor has, or had, control of the relationship or is dominant, active or superior to what is possessed. Thus, in most contexts in a sentence, moveable property, tools, things made by humans, food, drink (except water for drinking), husband (tāne), wife (wahine), lover (whaiāipo), children, grandchildren, people in an inferior position, plants and animals, pets and crops, and work are likely to take the a category. If the possessor is active towards the possessed the a category will also be used, including when derived nouns are used this way.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-55, 108-109, 140-141; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 2, 16, 23, 33-34, 36; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 166-167; Te Pihinga Study Guide (Ed. 1): 166-167; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 113, 178-179;)
Nā te whakamārama a te kaiako, ka mōhio a Pio me pēhea tana mahi. / It was thanks to the teacher's explanation that Pio knew how his work should be done.
Areare ō taringa ki te tangi a te pīpīwharauroa (Te Ara 2015). / Open your ears to the call of the shining cuckoo.
Nō te taenga mai a Te Mōkena ki runga ka hoatu ngā pū māna (TWM 1/7/1865:1). / When Mr Morgan arrived in the south he was given guns.
2. (noun) side of the body, flank.
Ko tōna aroha nui hoki ki a koe i rangona, i kitea i a koe i tīpapa mai rā i te kaokao o tō tipuna whare i tō papa o Tū-te-ao (Kāretu 2010:12). / His great love for you was felt and witnessed while you were lying in your ancestral house at your marae of Tū-te-ao.
3. (noun) side (of a mountain, etc.).
He pō te wā i tanuku iho ai te kaokao o te maunga nei, ka kekē te rākau, te kōhatu (M 2004:254). / It was during the night that the side of this mountain collapsed, shattering trees and rocks.
4. (noun) chevron - a pattern that was on mats used when high-born children were conceived.
E kīia ana, whakaatu mai ai te kaokao i te ngoi o te toa. / It is said that the kaokao pattern illustrates the strength of a warrior.
ngā pūmanawa e waru o Te Arawa
1. the eight tribes of Te Arawa - often translated as 'the eight pulsating hearts of Te Arawa' referring to the tribes of Te Arawa, each founded by one of the eight children of Rangitihi.
Whai muri i te pakanga i Te Tūmū i te tau 1836, ka kotahi ngā wehenga o Te Arawa ki raro i Ngā Pūmanawa e Waru, ka oati rātou, ā muri ake nei, kaua rawa rātou e riri ki a rātou anō (Te Ara 2012). / After the battle of Te Tūmū in 1836, the divisions of Te Arawa banded together as Ngā Pūmanawa e Waru (the ‘eight beating hearts’) and they vowed never to fight among themselves again.
