āhua
1. (modifier) somewhat, a little, quite, fairly, a bit, sort of - stands before the word it qualifies and has the effect of lessening the force of the meaning of the base it modifies.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 42-43;)
Synonyms: (ko) tōna ... (nei), tata, kāhua, anō, tino, noa, tonu, kere, āta, hangehange, hengahenga, tou, noa iho, koia, rawa
2. (modifier) about, approximately - when used before numerals.
Ko te nui o ngā akonga kei te āhua tekau mano nei (HM 3/1990:3). / The number of students is about ten thousand.
pea
1. (particle) perhaps, maybe, might, possibly, probably, thereabouts, about, approximately - a particle that expresses uncertainty. In the phrase it comes after manner, directional and locative particles, if they are present.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 46;)
Nō te tau 1980 pea i haere ai au ki Ingarangi. / It was possibly 1980 when I went to England.
E whā tekau noa iho pea rātou (TTR 1990:78). / There were possibly just forty of them.
Synonyms: tērā pea, ākene pea, āwhai, tēnā pea, kei, pea iana, pea ina, ākuanei, ākene, ēkene, āpea, etia, ākune, ākuni
āwhiwhi
1. (verb) to be near.
E toru ngā rerenga o te 'Reliance' rāua ko te 'Hamurara III', kore rawa a te 'Hamurara' i āwhiwhi, ka takoto tonu anō te kapu i Amerika (TP 9/1903:4). / The 'Reliance' and the 'Shamrock III' had three races and the 'Shamrock' didn't get near so the cup remains in America.
Synonyms: maruatata, marutata, kātata, whātata, pātata, taitata, tātata, pahaki
2. (modifier) approximate.
Ka whakamahia ngā tau āwhiwhi hei whakatau tata i te otinga o tētahi paheko (TRP 2010:322). / Approximate numbers are used to estimate the result of an operation.
kauāwhīwhiwhi
1. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to approximate, resemble.
E kauāwhīwhiwhi ana te moutere i roto i te whakaahua ki Rangitoto - inā ōna pīnakitanga āhua hangarite (PK 2008:234). / The island in the photograph resembles Rangitoto - see here how its slopes are quite similar.
Synonyms: āhukahuka, āhukahuka, rite, āwhiwhiwhi, āhuahua, ariariā, kāhukahuka
āwhiwhiwhi
1. (stative) be approximate, resemble, roughly, estimated.
Nō konei mātau i whakaaro ai, kīhei rawa i āwhiwhiwhi ngā mahi ahuwhenua o nāianei ki ngā mahi ahuwhenua o mua (PKH 18/5/1906:2). / Consequently, we think that agricultural tasks of today are nothing like those of the past.
Synonyms: āhukahuka, āhukahuka, kauāwhīwhiwhi, rite, āhuahua, ariariā, kāhukahuka
Kohitātea
1. (personal noun) eighth lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to January.
Kohitātea: Kua makuru te kai; ka kai te tangata i ngā kai hou o te tau (Best 1922:16). / Kohitātea: Food is abundant; man eats the new foods of the year.
E whakaaro ake ana mātou i te Taura Whiri me whakaemi mai anō tēnei rōpū ā te marama o Kohitātea 1994, ki reira whakaoti ai i tēnei mahi whēuaua (HM 4/1993:7). / We at the Māori Language Commission are considering that we should regather this group in January 1994 to complete this difficult task.
See also Rehua
Synonyms: Maramatahi, Kai-tātea, Hānuere
Mahuru
1. (personal noun) fourth lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to September. Also the name of the star Alphard, whose reappearance in the night sky heralds the start of this month.
Mahuru: Kua pūmahana te whenua, me ngā otaota, me ngā rākau (Best 1922:15). / The earth is warm as are the vegetation and the trees.
ngahuru
1. (numeral) ten, tenth (following te) - used in a similar way to tekau but less frequently. Combines with other words to form the numbers from 11 to 19.
(Te Māhuri Study Guide (Ed. 1): 12;)
Ā pēnei tonu tae rawa ki te ngahuru o ngā rāngi (NM 1928:177). / And it continued like this until he reached the tenth heaven.
I te wā ka tae ki te ngahuru mā whā o ngā rā ka tae katoa mai ngā tohunga nei ki te mahi i te waka nei (JPS 1957:223). / When it came to the fourteenth day all the experts came to work on the canoe.
Hei te tīmatanga o ngā ua o te marama ngahuru ka tipu haere ēnei kai ki runga i te ākau (Te Ara 2016). / It grows on the reef at the beginning of the rains of the tenth month.
See also ngahuru mā tahi, ngahuru mā rua, ngahuru mā toru, ngahuru mā whā, ngahuru mā rima, ngahuru mā ono, ngahuru mā whitu, ngahuru mā waru, ngahuru mā iwa, tekau, tuangahuru
2. (noun) tenth month of the Māori year, autumn, harvest time - approximately equivalent to March.
(Te Māhuri Study Guide (Ed. 1): 12;)
Haria mai ana e ia he paruparu nō te awa, ngā rau e horohoro nei i te tino ngahuru, he whenua tawhito anō hoki, mahia katoatia ana e ia hei whakamōmona i tana pāmu (TH 1/12/1859:3). / He carries soil from the river, leaves that fall in the autumn as it is old ground and he does it all to make his farm fertile.
Paengawhāwhā
1. (personal noun) eleventh lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to April. Also the name of Pegasus whose appearance heralds the start of the month. Some say Kaipō or Whetūkaupō is the star heralding the start of this month.
Mō te marama o Āperira, arā o Paenga-whāwhā ki te Māori o te tau 1922, ko Kaipō te whetū kei te ārahi i tēnei marama, nā reira kia tūpato he ua, he mātao kei te haere! (TTT 1/4/1922:13) / For the calendar month of April, that is the lunar month of Paenga-whāwhā of 1922, Kaipō heralds this month, so be careful because rain and cold is going to occur!
Pipiri
1. (personal noun) first lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to June. Also the stars Hamal and Sharatan in the constellation of Aries visible in the mornings a little earlier in the year than Matariki. Pipiri is also known as Pipirioterangi.
Ko te putanga mai o Matariki te tohu mō te marama tuatahi, ko ngā ingoa hoki ēnei o ngā marama katoa: Te Tahi o Pipiri, Te Rua o Takurua,Te Toru Here o Pipiri, Te Whā o Mahuru, Te Rima o Kōpū, Te Ono o Whitiānaunau, Te Whitu o Hakihea, Te Waru o Rehua, Te Iwa o Rūhi-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru o Poutū-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru mā tahi, Te Ngahuru mā rua (TP 1/3/1901:6). / The appearance of Pleiades is the sign for the first month and these are the names of all the months: The first is Pipiri, the second is Takurua, the third is Here o Pipiri, the fourth is Mahuru, the fifth is Kōpū, the sixth is Whiti-ānaunau, the seventh is Hakihea, the eighth is Rehua, the ninth is Rūhi-te-rangi, the tenth is Poutūterangi, the eleventh and twelth months.
Pipiri: Kua piri ngā mea katoa i te whenua i te mātao, me te tangata (Best 1922:15). / Pipiri: All things on earth cohere owing to the cold; likewise man (Best 1922:15).
Synonyms: Maramaono, Hune, Tahi o Pipiri, Te
Poutūterangi
1. (personal noun) tenth lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to March. Also the name of Altair, the brightest star in the constellation of Aquila, whose appearance in the night sky heralds the start of the month. Others say that Ōtamarākau (Fomalhaut) is the star of the lunar month of Poutūterangi.
Poutūterangi: Kua hauhake te kai (Best 1922:16). / Poutūterangi: The crops are harvested.
2. (personal noun) Altair - the brightest star in the constellation Aquila.
Rima o Hiringa-a-nuku
1. (personal noun) fifth month of the Māori year, approximately equivalent to October.
Synonyms: Maramatekau, Oketopa, Whiringa-ā-nuku, Kōpū, Rima o Kōpū, Te, Hiringa-ā-nuku
Tahi o Pipiri, Te
1. (personal noun) first lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to June and traditionally used by Ngāti Awa.
Ki taku titiro, i tīmata te Haratua i te 28 o ngā pō o Āperira, nā ko te Tahi o Pipiri ka tīmata i te 27 o ngā rā o Mei (TTT 1/6/1922:13). / According to my observation, the month of Haratua begins on the 28th night of April, and the month of Tahi o Pipiri begins on the 27 of May.
Whiringa-ā-nuku
1. (personal noun) fifth month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to October.
Ko te rā tuarua tēnei, arā, ko te 24 o Whiringa-ā-nuku o te tau 2009, mai i te hokinga mai i te uhunga ki a Mate Huatahi Kaiwai i te marae o Mangahānea (HM 4/2009:1). / This is the second day, the 24 October 2009, since returning from the funeral of Mate Huatahi Kaiwai at Mangahānea marae.
See also Hiringa-ā-nuku, Kōpū
Synonyms: Rima o Hiringa-a-nuku, Maramatekau, Oketopa, Kōpū, Rima o Kōpū, Te, Hiringa-ā-nuku
Whiringa-ā-rangi
1. (personal noun) sixth lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to November.
Ka tae ki te paunga o Whiringa-ā-rangi, kua keri te kātua i tētahi tārua kia whakawhānau i te hua kotahi (Te Ara 2014). / When it reaches late November the adult digs a burrow to lay a single egg.
See also Whitiānaunau
Synonyms: Maramamātahi, Noema, Whitiānaunau
niniwa
1. (noun) niniwa, Gaultheria oppositifolia - shrub to 2 m tall with numerous branches erect to spreading. Juvenile leaves are alternate, adult leaves approximately opposite and bluntly serrate. Flowers white and bell-shaped. Seed capsules dry and not fleshy. Found only in the North Island.
Synonyms: kama
Takurua
1. (personal noun) Sirius, the Dog Star - one of the brightest stars in the sky and found in Kāhui Takurua (Canis Major).
Ko te tahi o Pipiri kua pipiri tonu ngā turi i taua tāima. He tohu nui nā ō tātou tūpuna. Kei tēnei marama ko ngā whetū, ko Puanga, ko Matariki, ko Tautoru, ko Takurua, e mana ana te whakataukī, "Takurua hūpē nui." (TP 1/4/1899:3) / In the first month of Pipiri (June) the knees are close together. That was an important symbol of our ancestors. In this month it is the stars Rigel, the Pleiades, Orion's Belt and Sirius which is reflected in the saying, "Sirius of much nasal discharge."
See also Kāhui Takurua
2. (personal noun) second month of the Māori lunar calendar, approximately equivalent to July.
Ko te putanga mai o Matariki te tohu mō te marama tuatahi, ko ngā ingoa hoki ēnei o ngā marama katoa: Te Tahi o Pipiri, Te Rua o Takurua,Te Toru Here o Pipiri, Te Whā o Mahuru, Te Rima o Kōpū, Te Ono o Whitiānaunau, Te Whitu o Hakihea, Te Waru o Rehua, Te Iwa o Rūhi-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru o Poutū-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru mā tahi, Te Ngahuru mā rua (TP 1/3/1901:6). / The appearance of Pleiades is the sign for the first month and these are the names of all the months: The first is Pipiri, the second is Takurua, the third is Here o Pipiri, the fourth is Mahuru, the fifth is Kōpū, the sixth is Whiti-ānaunau, the seventh is Hakihea, the eighth is Rehua, the ninth is Rūhi-te-rangi, the tenth is Poutūterangi, the eleventh and twelth months.
Synonyms: Maramawhitu, Rua o Takurua, Te, Hūrae, Hōngongoi
Here o Pipiri
1. (personal noun) third month of the Māori lunar calendar, approximately equivalent to August.
Ko te putanga mai o Matariki te tohu mō te marama tuatahi, ko ngā ingoa hoki ēnei o ngā marama katoa: Te Tahi o Pipiri, Te Rua o Takurua,Te Toru Here o Pipiri, Te Whā o Mahuru, Te Rima o Kōpū, Te Ono o Whitiānaunau, Te Whitu o Hakihea, Te Waru o Rehua, Te Iwa o Rūhi-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru o Poutū-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru mā tahi, Te Ngahuru mā rua (TP 1/3/1901:6). / The appearance of Pleiades is the sign for the first month and these are the names of all the months: The first is Pipiri, the second is Takurua, the third is Here o Pipiri, the fourth is Mahuru, the fifth is Kōpū, the sixth is Whiti-ānaunau, the seventh is Hakihea, the eighth is Rehua, the ninth is Rūhi-te-rangi, the tenth is Poutūterangi, the eleventh and twelth months.
Kōpū
1. (personal name) Venus as a morning star - the second planet from the sun in the solar system and the brightest celestial object after the sun and moon.
Me takoto te ihu o te waka ki te taha katau o te rā, o te marama, o Kōpū rānei (JPS 1913:181). / The bow of the canoe should be directed to the right side of the sun, the moon, or of Venus.
See also Meremere-tū-ahiahi
Synonyms: Rangawhenua, Tangaroa, Matawhero, Whiro, Whiringa ki Tawhiti, ao-mārama, ao tūroa, aotūroa, ao mārama, Kōpūnui, Rangipō, taiao, Takero, Tāwera, Pareārau, Meremere, Meremere-tū-ahiahi, ao
2. (personal noun) fifth month of the Māori lunar calendar, approximately equivalent to October.
Ko te putanga mai o Matariki te tohu mō te marama tuatahi, ko ngā ingoa hoki ēnei o ngā marama katoa: Te Tahi o Pipiri, Te Rua o Takurua,Te Toru Here o Pipiri, Te Whā o Mahuru, Te Rima o Kōpū, Te Ono o Whitiānaunau, Te Whitu o Hakihea, Te Waru o Rehua, Te Iwa o Rūhi-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru o Poutū-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru mā tahi, Te Ngahuru mā rua (TP 1/3/1901:6). / The appearance of Pleiades is the sign for the first month and these are the names of all the months: The first is Pipiri, the second is Takurua, the third is Here o Pipiri, the fourth is Mahuru, the fifth is Kōpū, the sixth is Whiti-ānaunau, the seventh is Hakihea, the eighth is Rehua, the ninth is Rūhi-te-rangi, the tenth is Poutūterangi, the eleventh and twelth months.
Synonyms: Rima o Hiringa-a-nuku, Maramatekau, Oketopa, Whiringa-ā-nuku, Rima o Kōpū, Te, Hiringa-ā-nuku
