ngahunga
1. (noun) focus.
Nā reira, i runga i tērā āhua kua puta anō he whakataukī hei ngahunga atu mā tātau katoa. E pēnei ana taua whakataukī: Ki te kore ināianei, e tātau mā, kātahi ka tino kore rawa atu! (HM 2/1996:1). / And so with regard to that matter another saying has emerged as a focus for us all. That saying says: If we don't do it now, everybody, then it'll never be done!
arotahinga
1. (noun) focus.
Ko te arotahinga matua o tēnei pukapuka, ko ngā tikanga o ngā kupu Māori me ngā whakamahuki, he tauira hoki, me pēhea te whakamahi i ia kupu, i ia kupu. / The main focus of this book is the meanings of Māori words and the explanations and examples of how to use each word.
arotahi
1. (verb) (-hia,-tia) to look in one direction, look steadily, focus on, zero in on, concentrate on, take aim.
Nō waenganui o te tekau tau atu i 1920, ka mutu te mahi a Meri Geddes i roto i ngā rōpū wāhine; huri kē ana ia ki te Hāhi hei arotahi māna i waho atu o tōna kāinga (TTR 1996:33). / In the mid 1920s Mary Geddes ended work in women's societies, turning her focus outside her home to the Church.
2. (noun) focus, concentration on.
Mai i te tau 1940, ko te arotahi o taua rōpū, ko te mana motuhake me te tino rangatiratanga o ngā Kuki Airani (TTR 1996:62). / From the 1940s onwards, the focus of the group was the independence and self-determination of the Cook Islands.
3. (noun) lens.
Ko tētahi wāhanga matua o te arotahi, ko tōna puare, te wāhi e uru atu ai te aho (RTA 2014:80). / An important part of the lens is its aperture, the place where the light enters.
Synonyms: mōhiti
aro
1. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-tia) to face, turn towards, take heed, take notice of, pay attention to, consider.
Me aro te kaikōrero ki te hunga turi, kia kite ai rātou i tōna waha e kōrero na (PK 2008:33). / The speaker should face toward the deaf people so that they can see her mouth when she is talking.
Synonyms: mātorotoro
2. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-tia) to be inclined towards, interested in, disposed towards.
Ko te tīmatanga tērā o te Rōpū ki te haere ki roto ki ngā takiwā Māori. Ahakoa i pōuri aua tamariki i te korenga o ngā kaumātua i aro mai ki ā rātou tikanga i kauwhau ai i taua wā, kāore i whakarērea e rātou taua mahi (TP 3/1912:2). / That was the start of the Group going into Māori locations. Although those young people were disappointed with the elders' lack of attention to their proposals that they spoke about at that time, they did not abandon that work.
3. (verb) (-hia,-ngia,-tia) to take heed, take notice of, pay attention to.
Ahakoa kei te hōkarikari aku waewae, kei te hāparangi taku waha ki te karanga, kāore he tangata i aro ake ki a au (HP 1991:20). /
4. (stative) be comprehended, understood.
Kāore e aro i ngā kaumātua ēnei tuhinga, he maha rawa nō ngā kupu hou (HKK 1999:171). / The elders don't understand these writings, because there are too many new words.
See also tē aro ...
5. (noun) front of a person, front.
6. (noun) interest, focus.
E whakaatu ana ngā reta tāroa i tuhia e tētehi ki tētehi i ngā tau atu i 1925 ki 1950, e ū tonu ana te aro mai o Te Rangi Hīroa ki te āhua o ngā mahi e ahu whakamua ana i Niu Tīreni nei, me ōna āwangawanga e pā ana ki te oranga o te Māori (TTR 1996:17). / The lengthy correspondence between them in the years 1925 to 1950 reveals Peter Buck's continued interest in developments in New Zealand and his concern for Māori welfare.
7. (noun) front (weather).
Ko te paenga e tūtaki ai ētahi hau whakapipi e rua, ka kīia he aro (RP 2009:196). / The boundary where two air masses meet is called a front.
ngangahu
1. (verb) to make a shrill high-pitched noise (in a haka or wero), dilate the eyes and perform exciting movements to inspire the performance group.
Ka takoto tana rākau, ka hoki whakamuri, ka tīmata ki te ngangahu, me te whiu tika i tana taiaha, me te hūpekepeke a ōna waewae (HP 1991:84). / His challenge stick lay there and he moved backwards and began to make high pitched yelps, to wield his taiaha and to jump up and down with bent legs.
See also manu ngangahu
2. (verb) to be sharply cut.
Ka titiro atu ngā tāngata ki te whakaairo o taua waka rā, anana, ngangahu kau ana te whakairo (W 1971:226). / When the people looked at the carving of that canoe, behold, it was sharply cut.
3. (verb) to be focussed, clear, in focus, clearly seen.
Ko te hua o te puare nui (waepuare iti), ka ngangahu ake ngā wāhanga katoa o te whakaahua (RTA 2014:80). / The effect of a large aperture (small f-stop number) is that all parts of the photograph are in focus.
4. (verb) to be distorted.
Ka kōrero ia, ehara, ngangahu kē ana te whakahuatanga mai o ngā kupu (NM 1928:35). / When he spoke, lo and behold, the pronunciation of the words was distorted.
5. (noun) prominence.
Ko te tūmanako mā ēnei kōrero e tīmata ngā whakatū, ngā ngangahu o te reo Māori i roto o ngā tau (TWK 14:18). / The desire is that by these accounts the Māori language will begin to have standing and prominence in the years ahead.
Synonyms: whakahirahira, hau, ahurei
mōnehunehu
1. (verb) to be furry, have fine pubescence, have soft down, have a thick short pile.
Te papamōnehu: Whatua ai tēnei papanga ki te kātene, ki te papamāene, ki te ngaiaku rānei. Ka whatua kia tino pipiri ngā kaka, ā, he mōnehunehu tētahi taha (RTA 2014:128). / Velvet: This material is woven with cotton, silk or nylon. It is woven so that the fibres are very close together and one side has a thick short pile.
2. (modifier) indistinct, fuzzy, hazy, ill-defined, misty, out of focus.
Synonyms: porehu, mōnenehu, matarehu, kōehuehu, pūkohukohu, pūrerehu, pōrehurehu, pūnenehu, pūrehurehu, ānehu, pūnehunehu, kōnehunehu, pūnehu
3. (noun) indistinctness, fuzziness, haziness, vagueness.
Nā te ētita i whakatikatika te mōnehunehu o ētahi o ngā kōrero. / The editor corrected the vagueness of some of the account.
aronga
1. (noun) direction, facing.
Te urunga atu o Tama-inu-pō haere tonu, ā, ka pahemo i te takuahi i te aronga ake ki te ihonui, kātahi anō ka huri mai (NIT 1995:121). / Tama-inu-pō entered and went straight on past the hearth that faced the floor space at the front of the house and only then turned round.
2. (noun) focus, interest, desire.
Ko te mahi tuhituhi i ngā whakapapa me ngā kōrero tuku iho a Tainui te aronga tuatahi, te aronga nui a Pei (TTR 1998:72). / Pei's first and main focus was in the recording of Tainui genealogies and traditions.
3. (noun) sense, separate meaning (of a word, phrase or sentence), definition.
Ka urutaungia te kupu tāngata whenua kia pā ki ngā iwi me ngā hapū, e whai kanohi ake ai rātou i te manene. Ko ētahi anō aronga o tēnei kupu ko te iwi tuatahi, ko te iwi manaaki hoki (Te Ara 2015). / Māori also adapted the term ‘tangata whenua’ (people of the land), to refer to iwi and hapū, as distinct from non-Māori. Other meanings of this term are 'the first people' and ‘host people’.
4. (noun) purpose.
Ka tū ake ahau ki te tautoko i tēnei Pire, nō te mea ki tōku whakaaro e tika ana te aronga o tēnei Pire - arā e āwhina ana i ngā kaimahi pāmu (RT 2013:4). / I stand to support this Bill, because in my opinion the purpose of this Bill is appropriate - namely assisting farm workers.
Synonyms: hoaketanga, whāinga, kaupapa, take, koronga, tikanga, tātai
2. (noun) inclination, desire.
Kāhore aku aronui ki te mahi (W 1971:17). / I have no inclination to work.
3. (noun) to focus on.
E kite ana au he tamaiti koe e aronui ana ki ngā taonga o ō tīpuna (JPS 1926:156). / I can see that you are a child focusing on the treasures of your ancestors.
Kei te kaha te aronui o te iwi Pākehā ki tēnei take i te mea kei te kitea ake kei te whakangaro haere ngā ngahere o Nui Tīreni (TTT 1/9/1922:6). / The Pākehā people are strongly focused on this matter because it has been seen that the New Zealand's forests are gradually being destroyed.
4. (noun) armspan, measurement made with the arms extended roughly equivalent to a fathom (i.e. 6 ft or 1.8 m) - traditional measurement.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 113-114;)
5. (noun) finely woven cloak - with tāniko borders on three sides, with the widest border at the bottom.
Ka kākahu a Te Angiangi i ōna kākahu pai, he aronui, he paepaeroa (JPS 1913:62). / Te Angiangi put on his fine cloaks, an aronui (cloak with tāniko borders on three sides, with the widest border at the bottom) and a paepaeroa (cloak with narrow tāniko borders on three sides).
whakahihiwa
1. (verb) (-ia) to be watchful, alert, concentrate, focus.
Nā te pakanga i whakapakari a Hēnare; pono ana ia kua kaha kē atu ia ki te whakahihiwa ake i ōna whakaaro, ki te kite ake i te kiko o te take, me te nuku kē atu o tōna pai ki te whakatepe i te mahi (TTR 2000:70). / War experience matured Hēnare: he believed he had acquired greater ability to concentrate and to discern the essentials in any situation, and that he had improved his ability to complete a task.
whakaarorangi
1. (verb) to be intent upon, focus on.
Kīhai hoki i tawhitawhi tana whakaaro, nō te mea, kua whakaarorangi noa ake tōna ngākau ki te ātaahuatanga o Te Whatuiāpiti, te kuku o tōna manawa (TWM 25/8/1864:3). / And she didn't hesitate because her heart was intent upon the beauty of Te Whatuiāpiti, her heartthrob.
2. (verb) to flee, fly away.
Tērā te īkara e rere ana i runga, nō te kitenga mai i te tamaiti rā, kātahi ka tuku whakarere mai ki raro, ka kapohia iho ngā kahu o te tamaiti rā ki ōna matikuku, kātahi ka hikitia atu ki runga, ka whakaarorangi haere i runga tonu ake o ngā rākau o te ngāherehere e tū ana i reira (TWMNT 4/5/1875:102). / An eagle flying overhead, seeing the child, swooped down, and grabbing the clothes of the child with its talons, lifted him up and flew away over the trees of the forest that stood there.
hiwahiwa
1. (verb) to be watchful, alert, focus on.
I moe tonu ia i roto i te rūma o tōna ahorangi, whakaraupapatia ana te ako i a ia kia hiwahiwa tonu te tangata, kia tere tonu ngā nekeneke (TTR 1996:255). / He slept in the same room as his mentor, who taught him through discipline to be alert, and to move fast.
mihimihi
1. (verb) (-a) to greet, pay tribute, thank.
Kua kuhu ki roto i a Rongo ehara tērā i te whaikōrero, kua mihimihi tērā (Rewi 2005:82). / When they go inside into the realm of Rongo that is not a whaikōrero, that's giving a mihimihi.
Synonyms: mihi
2. (modifier) greeting.
Ko ngā kōrero ‘whakatau’ ki tōku nei mōhio he kōrero mihimihi ki te hunga kua tae mai, he whakamārama i te kaupapa i tae mai ai rātou, he kōrero whakarata noa i te manuhiri (Rewi 2005:67). / I understand, the speech of 'whakatau' to be a speech of greeting to the people who have arrived, an elucidation of the purpose that they have come for, a speech to placate the visitors.
3. (noun) speech of greeting, tribute - introductory speeches at the beginning of a gathering after the more formal pōhiri. Often take place in the evening after karakia in the meeting house. The focus of mihimihi is on the living and peaceful interrelationships.
Ki ētahi e kīia ana ngā kōrero i roto i te whare he mihimihi, he whakatau rānei (Rewi 2005:67). / According to some, the speeches in the house are called mihimihi (speech of greeting) or whakatau (formal greeting).
tēnā
1. (interjection) well then, now then, very well then, match that - used at the start of a sentence to focus attention on what follows. Often preceded by a.
Tēnā, pupuhi. Auē. Kotiti kē (HP 1991:114). / Well then, fire. Oh dear. It missed.
Ka huaina te moana ko Taupō-nui-a-Tia. A tēnā, he aha i huaina ai ko Taupō-nui-a-Tia? (HP 1991:248). / The lake was named Taupō-nui-a-Tia. Now then, why was it called Taupō-nui-a-Tia?
Ipukarea, Te
1. (location) National Māori Language Institute - an institute which was launched on 18 July 2008 to promote excellence in scholarship, teaching and research in the Māori language and culture, with a focus on using modern technologies. The Auckland University of Technology hosts the Institute.
atu
1. (particle) away - indicates direction away from speaker, or from the person (or thing) who is the focus of the utterance. Also indicates onwards following verbs of motion. Like the other three directional particles, mai, iho and ake, it always follows manner particles (i.e. kau, kē, noa, rawa and tonu) if they are present in the phrase.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 27, 120;)
Tīkina atu he tūru mōku! / Fetch me a chair, please!
Titiro tonu atu ana ōna kaumātua ki te whakamahi i ōna kaha ki te kōrero, me tōna pai ki te whakatau i ngā whakahaere i waenga i a ia me ngā āpiha Pākehā a te kāwanatanga. (TTR 1994:73). / His elders were continually observing his ability in speaking and dealing successfully with the Pākehā officials of the government.
2. (particle) away, in a direction away - used with verbs which designate perception or attitude.
Kātahi au ka titiro i taku ringaringa, ka kite au e heke ana te toto. Ngoikore tonu atu au. / Then I looked at my hand and saw that it was bleeding. I became quite faint.
3. (particle) other, others, next but one, before last, beyond that - when used following tērā and ērā in time expressions. When speaking of future events, atu is used to indicate a time further into the future than that just referred to or about to be referred to.
Ā tērā atu wiki haere ai mātou ki Heretaunga. / The week after next we travel to Hastings.
Kei Tāmaki-makau-rau rāua i te rā nei. Hei tētahi rangi atu, ka tae ki Te Kauwhata. E rua rangi atu, kei Rotorua. / They are in Auckland today. The next day they arrive in Te Kauwhata. They're in Rotorua in two days time.
4. (particle) Used when comparing things. This includes iti, although it may often be followed by iho.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 101;)
He roa atu te whiore o te kau i tō te poaka. / A cow's tail is longer than that of a pig.
He iti atu te kapa kotahi ki te pereiti mā ngā minita, i te rau pauna a te tangata hei ako i tana tamaiti i ngā kāreti nunui (TKO 30/4/1920:9). / One penny in the plate for the ministers is smaller than a person's hundred pounds to teach his child in the large colleges.
5. (particle) Used with a verb repeated with mai to indicate reciprocal action.
Tū atu ana, tū mai ana rāua i tētahi taha o te awakeri. / They stood facing each other beside the ditch.
6. (particle) further - used to emphasise distance.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 45;)
Kei tua atu ia i a Hine. / She is beyond Hine.
Te āhua nei kei waho iti atu o Kaiwaka tō rātou tawhiti ki waho (JPS 1957:230). / It would seem that their position was a little further out from Kaiwaka.
7. (particle) other, another, some other, someone else - especially in the phrase tētahi atu.
Homai tētahi atu pune! / Pass me another spoon, please.
Tokowhā ngā kaiako, ā, i tēnei tau kua whiwhi te kura i tētahi atu. / There were four teachers and this year the school has another one.
8. (particle) including - when referring to different kinds of people or things using nouns followed by atu but without a determiner.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 97;)
I hīkoi atu te tira ki Maungapōhatu, koroua atu, kuia atu, pakeke atu, tamariki atu. / The travelling party walked to Maungapōhatu, including elderly men, elderly women, adults and children.
9. (particle) Used in time expressions, seemingly for emphasis.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 121;)
Nō mua atu tēnei aituā i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. / This disaster was before the First World War.
10. (particle) apart from, other than, aside from, other, others - followed by i. Also used to indicate things that are additional to those already mentioned.
Atu i a koe, kārekau aku hoa. / Apart from you, I have no friends.
E whā i mate, e waru atu i taotū. / Four died and eight were wounded.
Aho Matua
1. The philosophical base for Kura Kaupapa Māori education for the teaching and learning of children. Te Aho Matua is presented in six parts, each part having a special focus on what, from a Māori point of view, is crucial in the education of children: 1. Te ira tangata – the physical and spiritual endowment of children and the importance of nurturing both in their education; 2. Te reo – principles by which this bilingual competence will be achieved; 3. Ngā iwi – principles important in the socialisation of children; 4. Te ao – those aspects of the world that impact on the learning of children; 5. Āhuatanga ako – the principles of teaching practice that are of vital importance in the education of children; 6. Te tino uaratanga – the characteristics aiming to be developed in children.
hiwa
1. (verb) (-ia) to be watchful, alert, focus on.
E rua anō ngā rā nui o te tau o te Ringatū i hiwaia e ia, arā, ko te huamata i te tahi o Hune me te pure i te tahi o Noema; he whakatō kai te tikanga o te huamata, ā, kia nui ai te hua o te kai i meinga ai te pure (TTR 1998:27). / There are two important days of the Ringatū faith that he focused on, namely the huamata on the first of June and the pure on the first of November; the huamata is when the planting rites are held, and the pure is so that the harvest is plentiful.
2. (verb) to be vigorous (of growth), active, robust, sound.
Nō te tau 1947 i hiwa ai ngā whakamahere, ā, nō te tau 1948 i pū ai te mahi (TTR 1998:213). / In 1947 the plans were finalised, and work began in 1948.
Synonyms: pakari, whakapūioio, tōtōpū, ruarangi
3. (verb) to be light-hearted, entertaining, engaging.
I ngahau tonu te kauhau a Kahu. Engari ko Puku kē te mea i hiwa ai te whare - he tino tohunga a Puku ki te whakangaoko i te taringa (HJ 2015:59). / Kahu's sermon was quite entertaining, but Puku was the one who engaged the people in the house - Puku is a real expert at delighting the ear.
