whāngai
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-nga,-tia) to feed, nourish, bring up, foster, adopt, raise, nurture, rear.
Kaua hei whāngaia te pēpi ki te pātara (TTT 1/10/1927:699). / Don't feed the baby with a bottle.
Synonyms: hikutira, hikumaro, kōkai, taute, poipoi, ahu, whaipainga, whai painga, whakawairākau, riaki, whakatū, whakaara, whakaikeike, whakarawe, whakatipu, whakatāiri, whakaaranga, kōranga, hāpai, hī, huataki, rangahua, huaranga, araara, whakatiputipu, whakakaurera, riariaki, whakatairangaranga, hiki, mairanga, whakapakeke, whakatupu
2. (modifier) fostered, adoptive, foster.
Ka mate te matua whāngai, e riro rānei te whenua o te tūpāpaku i te tamaiti whāngai?...Ko te tikanga Māori mō te tamaiti whāngai, ka hoki anō ki roto i ngā pānga o ōna mātua ake, i runga anō i te take huihui, i heke mai i roto i te tino take ki te whenua, kāore hoki te whāngai e tangohia i waho o ngā whakapapa me te toto (TPH 30/8/1902:2). / When the foster parent dies, is the land of the deceased inherited by the foster child?...In Māori custom an adopted child would fall back on the rights to the land shares of his/her birth parents which would occur in gatherings where the inheritance of land was passed on, and the foster child would not have rights outside genealogical and blood ties. (Statements by Īhāia Hūtana of Ngāti Kahungunu.)
See also matua whāngai, mātua whāngai, tamaiti whāngai, whaea whāngai, tamariki whāngai
3. (noun) foster child, adopted child - this is a customary practice. Often a couple's first child was brought up by grandparents or adopted by one of the brothers or sisters of a parent, but almost always the foster child was a blood relation, usually a close relation. This practice continues today, but inheritance of land and property is not clear-cut. Sometimes the foster child would be entitled to inherit the foster father's property, especially if a child was adopted at birth and remained with the foster parents through to adulthood and looked after the adopted parent(s) in their old age. In this case the foster child would share the interests with any natural children. The rights of a foster child might be modified if an ōhākī (bequest) by the foster father had been made. Foster children always knew who their natural parents were.
Nō te whānautanga o Te Ataihaea, he kōtiro, kua hiahia tō mātau māmā kia riro mai i a ia hai whāngai māna (HP 1991:19). / When Te Ataihaea, a girl, was born our mother wanted to adopt her as a foster child.
whāngai hau
1. (noun) ceremonial offering of food to an atua - a rite of presenting the hau to the atua with an offering or incantation.
Ka hiahia te tangata kia mate tōna hoariri, nā me tiki ia i tētahi wāhi o te kahu, tētahi o ngā huruhuru rānei o te māhunga o taua tangata, tētahi mea noa atu rānei kua pā ki te tinana o taua tangata, arā, o tōna hoariri, ka mutu ka mauria taua mea ki te tohunga hei whāngai hau; ā (ki te mea ka rahi he utu māna) ka karakiatia taua mea e te tohunga, kātahi ka werohia te tangata rā e ngā atua o te tohunga, ka nohoia rānei tōna tinana e aua atua, ka mate hoki ia, ka hemo rawa atu, arā ki te kore ia e kite i tētahi tohunga kaha rawa kia ripaia tōna mate; kātahi ka hoki mai ki te kai i a ia ngā atua o te tohunga nāna nei i mākutu te tangata e mate ana, he mea tāiro hoki (TWMNT 14/12/1875:294). / A man, wishing to destroy his enemy, had to procure a portion of his garment, one of the hairs of the head of that person, or anything which had been in contact with the person's body, that is his enemy, and then it is taken to the tohunga with an offering of food, and (if the payment is considered sufficient) the tohunga would perform certain incantations over it, and then the man, pierced by tohunga's atua, his body is invaded by those atua, and he becomes sick and dies, unless he were able to procure the services of a more powerful tohunga to ward off his illness; in which case the tohunga who had bewitched the man would die because it would cause him to be destroyed by his own atua.
Synonyms: tāpaetanga, koha, whakahere, tuku
tamariki whāngai
1. (noun) foster children, adopted children.
I te matenga o Erueti, whakataua ana e Tiati Tiakihana Pāma kāore e tika kia uru ana tamariki whāngai Pākehā ki ōna whenua (TP 6/1908:5). / When Erueti died Judge Jackson Palmer decided that his Pākehā foster children had no rights to his lands.
See also whāngai, tamaiti whāngai, matua whāngai
kōpū whāngai
1. (noun) surrogate.
Ko te kōpū whāngai: Ka hapū te wahine mā te rautātea, mā te whakauru kukune rānei, hei whakawhānau pēpi mā tētahi atu (RP 2009:265). / Surrogate: Conception through artificial insemination or embryo insertion in order for a woman to give birth for someone else (RP 2009:266).
kai whāngai
1. (noun) traditional marriage celebration feast.
Na, nō te tau 1816 ka tū he kai whāngai, arā, he hākari pākūwhā mō Nohorua rāua ko tētahi wahine o Ngāti Rāhiri. Hei tuakana te Nohorua nei ki a Te Rauparaha. I whānau rā hoki ki te wahine matua a tō rāua pāpā. Hei utu i te kai whāngai ka rewa atu ngā waka o Ngāti Rāhiri ki Kāwhia. Ehara, ka huripoki ngā waka, ka kōharihari te kaihaukai (TTR 1990:297). / In 1816 a marriage celebration feast was held for Nohorua and a woman of Ngāti Rāhiri. This Nohorua was Te Rauparaha's older half-brother. He was born to the senior wife of their father. To reciprocate for the marriage celebration feast, the canoes of Ngāti Rāhiri set off for Kāwhia. But alas, the canoes overturned and the return feast was spoiled by water.
ringa whāngai
1. (noun) left hand - when using the taiaha.
Kātahi ka whitia e ia te reke o tōna taiaha ki runga, ka hō ngā awe ki runga ki te tākakī, puritanga o te ringa whāngai (JPS 1911:22). / Then he turned the butt of his taiaha upwards, the tufts of hair drooped over its neck where the left hand grasps it.
Synonyms: ringa mauī, hema, mauī
2. (noun) prompt.
Ina wareware i a koe ō kōrero, ka wawe te whāngai kupu a Ati hei whakamaumahara i a koe (RMR 2017). / When you forget your lines Ati's prompt will quickly remind you (RMR 2017).
mātua whāngai
1. (noun) foster parents, adoptive parents.
Ahakoa te pōhara, ka mutu mai i ngā mātua whāngai o Eruera te kaha o te pukumahi, me te pūmau o te hāpai i te Hāhi Ringatū (TTR 2000:117). / Although poor, Eruera's foster parents were extremely hard-working and devout in their observance of the Ringatū Faith.
See also whāngai
matua whāngai
1. (noun) foster parent, foster father.
Ka mate te matua whāngai, e riro rānei te whenua o te tūpāpaku i te tamaiti whāngai?...E kī ana ahau ehara rawa i te tikanga Māori te whakawhiti kē i ngā pānga o te matua whāngai, ki te tamaiti whāngai...Ko ngā pānga o te matua whāngai, ka heke anō ki ōna uri tipu, ki ōna whanaunga rānei, mō ngā mahinga kai, me ngā taonga hapahapai (TPH 30/8/1902:2). / When the foster parent dies, is the land of the deceased inherited by the foster child?...I am saying that it is not Māori custom for the foster parent's land shares to be transferred to a foster child...The land interests of the foster parent for cultivations and property pass on to his true descendants, or to his relatives. (Statements by Īhāia Hūtana of Ngāti Kahungunu.)
See also whāngai, tamaiti whāngai, mātua whāngai
tamaiti whāngai
1. (noun) foster child, adopted child.
Ka mate te matua whāngai, e riro rānei te whenua o te tūpāpaku i te tamaiti whāngai?...Ko te tikanga Māori mō te tamaiti whāngai, ka hoki anō ki roto i ngā pānga o ōna mātua ake, i runga anō i te take huihui, i heke mai i roto i te tino take ki te whenua, kāore hoki te whāngai e tangohia i waho o ngā whakapapa me te toto (TPH 30/8/1902:2). / When the foster parent dies, is the land of the deceased inherited by the foster child?...In Māori custom an adopted child would fall back on the rights to the land shares of his/her birth parents which would occur in gatherings where the inheritance of land was passed on, and the foster child would not have rights outside genealogical and blood ties. (Statements by Īhāia Hūtana of Ngāti Kahungunu.)
See also whāngai, matua whāngai, tamariki whāngai
whaea whāngai
1. (noun) foster mother.
I a au i tō māua kāinga o taku whaea whāngai, i Te Whakakī, e pātata atu ana ki Nūhaka, ia Rārima, haere ai au ki Te Wairoa mā runga i ngā hōiho e rua o taku whaea Pākehā (HP 1991:45). / While I was at my foster mother and my home in Whakakī, near Nūhaka, each Friday I went to Wairoa on the two horses of my Pākehā mother.
See also whāngai
