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Historical loan words

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Idioms

Phrases

Proverbs

Loan words

Historical loan words

punarua

1. (modifier) in pairs, having two wives, having two partners.

Tēnei ka rongo mātou ko te mahi punarua nei e nui haere ana i roto i Ngāti Apa (TWMNT 20/7/1875:162). / We hear that the practice of having two wives is on the increase within Ngāti Apa.

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See also moe punarua


2. (noun) second wife.

Ko Whioroa te wahine punarua (M 2004:152). / Whioroa was the second wife.
Ka tīkina e te tangata nei te wahine hei punarua māna (W 1971:310). / This man procured the woman as his second wife.

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rererua

1. (verb) to be double, in two thicknesses.

Kia whā ōna taha, me rererua; kia kotahi whanganga a te ringa tōna roa, kia kotahi whanganga hoki a te ringa tōna whānui (PT Ekoruhe 28:16). / Foursquare it shall be being doubled; a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof.

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2. (modifier) double, folded in two, in two thicknesses.

He tapawha, he rererua te kōuma i hangā e rātou: kotahi whanganga a te ringa te roa, kotahi hoki whanganga te whānui, he mea rererua (PT Ekoruhe 39:9). / It was foursquare; they made the breastplate double: a span was the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, being doubled.

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pūrua

1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-tia) to do a second time, repeat, double up, duplicate, confirm, reduplicate, copy.

Nā Gottfried Lindauer i whakairo tōna āhua, engari he mea tuhi pūrua kē pea mai i tētehi whakaahua (TTR 1994:122). / He is depicted in a portrait by Gottfried Lindauer, but it was probably copied from a photograph.

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Synonyms: toai, paparua, tuarua


2. (modifier) by twos, in pairs, two by two.

Ka haere pūrua ngā tāngata (W 1971:315). / The people went two by two.

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3. (noun) pair, doubling, doubling up, repetition.

Engari, koirā pea tētahi huarahi mō ngā mea e ako ana i te reo Māori, arā, ko te pūrua i ngā oropuare (HM 1/1993). / But perhaps that is a way for the ones learning Māori, that is doubling the vowels.

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Synonyms: takirua, tōpū, tāruatanga, tukurua, tuaruatanga, tokorua, tāruarua, huirua, pea


4. (noun) junction (of streams and rivers), confluence.

Ko Taumata‑ō-hē pā i te pūrua o ngā awa o Mangatahi, o Maraekākaho me Ngaruroro i Heretaunga (TTR 1994:135). / Taumata-ō-hē pā is at the confluence of the Mangatahi Stream, Maraekākaho and the Ngaruroro River in Hawke's Bay.

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5. (noun) power of two, squared (maths).

taharua

1. (verb) to be related to two tribes.

Ko te tino hapū o Wī i te taha ki tōna matua ko Ngāti Mihi, ā, i te taha ki te whaea o tōna matua, ki te wahine rangatira nei ki a Rīpeka, ka taharua ia ki a Ngāi Tamaterangi me Te Aitanga-a-Hinemanuhiri (TTR 2000:82). / Wi’s main hapu through his father was Ngāti Mihi, and through Rīpeka, his high-ranking paternal grandmother, he belonged to Ngāi Tamaterangi and Te Aitanga-a-Hinemanuhiri.

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2. (noun) bisexual.

Ara ake ana te heitara o te motu i te tau 1975 i tana kī ake i tētahi uiuinga pouaka whakaata he tāne moe tāne tētahi (kāore i whakaingoatia) mema Pāremata, ko ētahi anō he taharua. (Townsend, 2018) / She caused a national scandal in 1975 when she claimed in a television interview that one (unnamed) member of Parliament was homosexual and others were bisexual.

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Synonyms: hōkakarua, taerarua


3. (adjective) be of two aspects, two-sided.


4. (noun) biculturalism.

Ngāwari noa iho ki a Ruawahine te haere i waenga i ngā iwi e rua, Pākehā, Māori. Pērā āno ana tamariki. Haere ana ngā reo e rua, haere ana ngā taha e rua. Engari te pāpā. Kāore i rata ki te taharua o ā rāua tamariki (TTR 1990:1). / Ruawahine moved easily in both Māori and Pākehā communities. Her children were the same. They were fluent in both languages and cultures. But the father was opposed the biculturalim of their children.

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5. (noun) people related to two different tribes.

He taharua a Ngāti Te Koherā ki a Ngāti Raukawa, ki a Ngāti Tūwharetoa (TTR 1990:348). / Ngāti Te Koherā are related to both Ngāti Raukawa, ki a Ngāti Tūwharetoa.

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rua herengi

1. (loan) (noun) two shillings, florin - a silver or alloy two-shilling coin of the 19th-20th centuries.

Ko te utu mō te pukapuka e 2s. 6d., arā e rua herengi me te hikipene (HTK 5/1/1895:4). / the price for the book is 2s. 6d., that is two shillings and sixpence.

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ō tātou

1. (determiner) our (yours and mine - more than two people and more than two things) - a possessive determiner.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-56;)

Ehara ō tātou kaiako i te wāhine. / Our teachers are not women.

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2. (determiner) we have (you two or more and I and more than one thing).

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 108-110;)

He paihikara ō tātou. / We have bicycles.

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3. Used in these ways listed above when the possessor has no control of the relationship or is subordinate, passive or inferior to what is possessed.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-56, 140-141;)

āhua ahurua

1. (noun) two-dimensional figure, two-dimensional shape (maths).

Ko te taparau tētahi āhua ahurua, e toru, nui ake rānei ngā rārangi torotika e hono ana hei tapa (TRP 2010:254). / The polygon is a two-dimensional shape with three or more straight lines which join to form the sides (TRP 2010:254).

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ā kōrua

1. (determiner) your, yours (two people when referring to more than one thing) - a possessive determiner.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-56;)

Anei ā kōrua aihikirīmi. / Here are your ice creams.

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2. (determiner) you two have (more than one thing).

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 108-110;)

He pene ā kōrua? / Do you two have pens?

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3. Used in these ways listed above when the possessor has control of the relationship or is dominant, active or superior to what is possessed.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-56, 140-141;)

tāwai

1. (noun) two strand cord or rope.

ō kōrua

1. (determiner) your, yours - two people (more than one thing) - a possessive determiner.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-56;)

Anei ō kōrua koti. / Here are your coats.

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2. (determiner) you two have (more than one thing).

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 108-110;)

He tēina ō kōrua? / Do you two have younger sisters?

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3. Used in these ways listed above when the possessor has no control of the relationship or is subordinate, passive or inferior to what is possessed.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-56, 140-141;)

kārure

1. (verb) (-a,-tia) to twist, spin - to twist two three strands into a cord or tassel.

Ka tīkina atu tōna kahu horihori. He kārure ngā hukahuka o te horihori. Ka hoatu te ahi ki te kākahu, ka tahutahuna kia pūareare. (TTR 1990:237). / He took his cloak, a horihori with twisted black strings, and burned holes in it.

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rino

1. (noun) two strand cord or rope.

Kātahi rātou ka whiri taura; ka kitea i reira te whiri tuamaka, te tarikarakia, te whiri pāraharaha, te rino (NM 1928:13). / Then they plaited ropes and there were seen plaiting of five and six stranded ropes, ropes of eight strands, plaiting of flat ropes of three strands and ropes of two strands.

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Synonyms: kārure, whakaheke, taukaea, kaha, rāhiri, pūrengi, tāwai, taura

pūruatanga

1. (noun) confluence, junction (of two streams, etc.).

I Hūrae o 1842, arā a Nēra i te pūruatanga o ngā awa o Manawapou me Ingahape e noho ana (TTR 1990:76). / In July 1842 there was Nēra living at the confluence of the Manawapou and Ingahape streams.

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tō kōrua

1. (determiner) your, yours (referring to two people and one thing) - often followed by a noun but can stand without one.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-56;)

Kei Whitianga tonu tō kōrua rangatira e noho ana. / Your chief is still living at Whitianga.

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See also


2. (determiner) you two have (one thing).

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 108-110;)

He tokanga tō kōrua. / You two have a picnic basket.

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Synonyms: tā kōrua


3. Used in these ways listed above when the possessor has no control of the relationship or is subordinate, passive or inferior to what is possessed.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-56, 140-141;)

tūapu

1. (loan) (noun) two-up - a gambling game with bets placed on a showing of two heads ot two tails when two coins are flipped.

Ko tētahi o ngā tākaro a ngā koroua he whiu kapa ki te rangi. Ana ki te ōrite i te taunga iho, kua waimarie, nē? Me ōrite te taunga mai ki te whenua. E kīia nei he tūapu (Milroy 2015). / One of the games of the elderly men was tossing pennies into the air. And if they landed alike, you won, didn't you? They must land the same way up. That's called two-up.

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pū rua

1. (noun) two pair (cards) - a poker hand that contains two cards of the same rank, plus two cards of another rank (that match each other but not the first pair), plus any card not of either rank.

(ko) tāua/tātou tahi

1. that makes two of us, me too, you and me, that goes for both of us, that goes for all of us, us too - an idiom used to express agreement or support for someone else's statement. Tāua is used when only two people are being referred to, tātou when more than two are involved.

Kāore au i te mōhio he aha te tikanga o taua kupu. Ko tāua tahi tēnā. / I don't know what the word means. That makes two of us.

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e rua, e rua

1. both, both of them, both of you, just the same, tarred with the same brush, two of a kind - an idiom to suggest that something applies to both people, both things or that two people or things have something in common.

Kei hea ōna mātua? E rua, e rua, kua pāngia e te rewharewha. / Where are her parents? Both of them have caught the flu.

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Synonyms: ko taua āhua tonu/ko taua āhua rā anō

inaoake

1. (location) two days ago.

I tae mai māua inaoake. / We arrived two days ago.

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rangirua

1. (verb) to be in doubt, uncertain, ambivalent, confused, having two aspects, ambiguous, irregular, sceptical, holding doubts, out of unison.

Ki te rangirua ngā kupu o te ngārahu kua hē katoa te hāpai o ngā waewae. Nō reira hoki, e hoa mā, ki te kotahi ō tātou reo ki te whiu i te kupu ki te Pāremete ka rawe, ki te rangirua ngā reo o te iwi Māori ka kino (TP 1/1906:8). / If the words of the war dance are out of unison the lifting of the feet will be all wrong. And so, my friends, if our voices are united when we make submissions to Parliament that is great, but if the voices of the Māori people are confused that is bad.
Engari inā whakaarohia ake te kōrero rā, "tērā ka rangirua te hunga pōti i ngā tikanga pōti hou", kei konei au e whakaaro ana, mēnā rā i rangirua he tāngata i te āhua o tēnei o ngā pōtitanga, ehara kau ana i a tātou, te iwi whānui (HM 1/1997:2). / But when we consider the statement that "the voters were confused because of the new voting procedure" here I am thinking that if people are confused because of the nature of this particular election, it's not the fault of us, the general populace.

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Synonyms: whakaparau, whakateka, hokirua


2. (verb) to be out of tune, out of time, out of sync.

Kua hē te taki, kua rangirua tana hari i te waiata (RTP 2015:93). / The beat is wrong and her leading of the song is out of time.

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3. (noun) out of tune, out of time, out of sync.

He aha te rerekētanga o te rangirua me te ia kore? Koirā kē hoki tō te haka, ko te ia o te haka (Wh4 2004:74). / What's the difference between 'rangirua' (out of tune) and 'ia kore' (lacking rhythm)? The latter, the 'ia' (rhythm/cadence), is for haka.

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Synonyms: ia kore, orotaha


4. (noun) ambivalence, confusion, uncertainty.

Nā te rangirua pea o ngā whakaaro o te hunga e mōhio ana ki a ia, i whakawareware ai rātou i ōna kāwai (TTR 1994:26). / Perhaps because of uncertainty in the minds of those who knew him, they have forgotten his lines of descent.

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