hikuwai o te tau
1. (noun) summer.
Nō ngā rā o te 12-17 o Kohi-tātea, o te hikuwai o te tau kātahi tonu nei ka pahemo, i tū ai te kura tuawhitu a Te Taura Whiri ki te marae o Waimārama (HM 2/1997:7). / From 12-17 January this summer just past, the seventh learning gathering of the Māori Language Commission was held at Waimārama marae.
2. (noun) summer.
Kei te hoa, Mātene, nei ka noho i te rā o te waru, i te pō roa o te matiti, ka pātai ki a au anō, 'Auē e Koro, Mātene, kei hea rā koe ka ngaro whakaaitu nei?' (HM 1/1995:1). / My distinguished friend, Mātene, here I am sitting bereft in the long nights of summer, asking myself, 'Oh my elder, Mātene, where have you disappeared to so disastrously?'
raumati
1. (verb) to be summer.
Ko ngā mahi whutupōro i whakaritea e te iwi rangatira nei, e te Pākehā, hei mahi mō ngā marama ruarua o te takurua, ā, kua raumati, kua mutu (TJ 26/10/1899:8). / Rugby activities were organised by this noble people, by the Pākehā, as an activity for the few months of winter and when it was summer it ceased.
2. (noun) summer.
I reira ka kai mātou i ngā kai o te raumati, i te rōpere, i ngā tini kai o te raumati (TP 9/1902:3-4). / There we ate the foods of summer, strawberries and many other summer foods.
arawheu
1. (noun) summer season.
Āe, kei te amuamu anō a ngutu kuia mō te kino o te rangi! Ko tōna tikanga kua tata te ngahuru, engari kāore anō kia rangona ā-tinanatia te raumati. Kei hea kē te arawheu e ngaro ana? (HM 2/1993:6). / Yes, elderly women grumble again about how terrible the weather is! It would seem that autumn is approaching, but we haven't yet felt the summer. Where has the summer season disappeared to?
kōwhā
1. (verb) (-ngia,-tia) to split open, take out of the shell, shuck, to husk.
Synonyms: tīwarawara
2. (verb) to burst open, split apart.
I a au e tamariki ana ka homai ētahi merengi e tētahi tangata ki a au, engari, nā te taumaha o aua merengi ka taka tētahi, ā, ka kōwhā. / When I was young, a man gave me some water melons, but because those melons were so heavy I dropped one and it burst open.
3. (verb) to flash (e.g. lightning).
Ka puta he marangai nui, ka heke te ua, ka kōwhā te uira, ka haruru te whatitiri (TTT 1/3/1927:559). / A big storm appeared and the rain fell, the lightning flashed and the thunder clapped.
4. (noun) summer lightning.
Ka whakakūkupa i a ia, ka haere ia i roto i te mura o te ahi, i te āwhiowhio, i te hau, i te uira, i te kōwhā, i te whatitiri (JPS 1929:22). / He assumed the form of a pigeon and flew into the flames of the fire, the whirlwind, the wind, the lightning, the summer lightning and the thunder.
karoro
1. (noun) seagull, southern black-backed gull, Larus dominicanus - a common large gull with a heavy bill. Body plumage entirely white except for wings and back which are black above. Bill is yellow, eyelid orange-red and iris white. Legs and feet are olive. Young bird in its first winter has a black bill, dark brown feet and is mottled below and barred above grey and brown (see illustration).
Ānō he karoro e topa ana i runga i ngā kaimoana (TP 12/1903:4). / Like a black-backed gull soaring above seafood.
Synonyms: toie, kaiē, rāpunga, pohio, kōtingotingo
2. (noun) bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica - a brown-and-white migratory wading bird with a long, slightly upturned, black bill and a pink base which breeds in the northern hemisphere and summers in the southern. This term is applied to the godwit when it is feeding during the southern hemisphere summer and the breast is accumulating large amounts of fat and the plumage is the basic pale plumage.
Tuatahi mō te karoro: Ko tōna uma katoa he mā ngā huruhuru, ko ngā parirau me te tuarā i rite ki ō ērā atu (HKW 1/11/1901:1). / Firstly about the karoro: The feathers of its breast are totally white, and the wings and back are like those other varieties.
See also kuaka
Synonyms: tarakakao, rīrīwaka, kuhikuhiwaka, kura, kuaka, kakao, rakakao, hakakao
3. (noun) ribbed venus shell, Protothaca crassicosta - an oval-shaped bivalve mollusc found on open sandy beaches just below low tide.
Tānerore
1. (personal name) son of Tama-nui-te-rā, the sun, and Hine-raumati, the Summer Maiden. Tānerore is credited with the origin of haka and is the trembling of the air as heat haze seen on hot days of summer, represented by the quivering of the hands in haka and waiata.
Ka whakamoea a Te Rā ki a Hine Raumati kia puta ko Tānerore. E pā ana te kōrero a ‘Te haka a Tānerore’ ki te hau ārohirohi o te raumati (Te Ara 2013). / The sun married Hine Raumati had Tānerore. The saying, ‘Te haka a Tānerore’ (Tānerore's dance) refers to the shimmering of the hot air during summer.
kōpatapata
1. (noun) stork's bill, Pelargonium inodorum - forms low mounds of vivid green leaves up to 350mm, moving on to throw up a profusion of tiny flowers from October through to the end of summer. In late summer, plants produce large quantities of seed, giving plants an untidy appearance.
See also kōpata
pukupuku
1. (stative) be lumpy, swollen.
E whakapaetia ana nā tētahi tipu i pukupuku ai te kiri (PK 2008:707). / It is asserted that the skin is swollen because of a particular plant.
Synonyms: pokuru, pōkurukuru, hōpūpū, hīngarungaru, pōrukuruku
2. (modifier) goose-flesh, goose-pimples.
Ko te kiri pukupuku me te rere o te hūpē ngā hoa haere o te takurua (PK 2008:707). / Goose-pimples and the flowing of nose mucus are the companions of winter.
3. (noun) lump, tumour.
Koia nei ngā tohu o te kohi i mua atu o te wā e kitea ai e te katoa. He pukupuku ētahi kei runga ake o te ā o te kakī (TTT 1/8/1929:1053). / These are the symptoms of tuberculosis before the time that it is fully evident. Some have lumps above the collar-bone.
Synonyms: huahua, puku, poikurukuru, pōkurukuru, tipu, repe, koropuku, pungapunga, punga
4. (noun) cancer.
Ko te tangata e pāngia ana e te pukupuku, kauaka e puta ki te wāhi mātao (KO 14/9/1882:10). / The person afflicted with cancer should not go to cold places.
5. (noun) shield - closely woven mat used for protection in battle.
Kāhore he riri, he rongo rānei o te riri, huri noa te ao katoa. Kua tārewa noa te tao me te pukupuku (TTT 1/12/1930:2198). / No war nor sound of battle was heard, right around the world. The spear and shield were hung up.
Synonyms: kahupeka, whakaruruhau, whakangungu rākau, whakapuru tao, maru, ārai, pākai, whakangungu, hīra, ārei, puapua
6. (noun) flax cloak.
Ko ngā kākahu ēnei o roto o te puku: he kaitaka, he pukupuku pātea, he pukupuku, he kahu-waero, he kahu-toroa, he pūahi, he kākahu-kura, he kahu-kiwi, he kahu-kekeno, he maiaorere, he kahakaha, he korirangi, he tātata, he mangaeka tātara, he pūreke, me ērā atu (NM 1928:129). / These were the garments that were in the stomach: a flax fibre cloak with tāniko border, a cloak with an ornamental border, a flax cloak, a cape of dog tail skins, a cape covered with albatross down, a cloak of strips of dogskin, a cape of red feathers, a kiwi feather cloak, a sealskin cape, a maiaorere fine cloak, an undergarment, a cloak ornamented with black and white thrums of unscraped flax, a flax garment worn from the waist, a cape of undressed and undyed flax, a garment of undressed flax leaves, and other garments.
8. (noun) stork's bill, Pelargonium inodorum - forms low mounds of vivid green leaves up to 350mm, moving on to throw up a profusion of tiny flowers from October through to the end of summer. In late summer, plants produce large quantities of seed, giving plants an untidy appearance.
See also kōpata
Synonyms: kōpata, kōpatapata
2. (noun) tree daisy, Olearia albida - a shrub or small tree found in North Island coastal forest or scrub. Has narrow, oblong, pale green, leathery leaves with wavy margins and felt-like undersides. Bears white daisies in summer and autumn.
3. (noun) Olearia furfuracea - a well-branched shrub found in scrub and forest margins of the North Island. The oval leaves are dark green and leathery with woolly, down-like hairs underneath. Clusters of starry-petalled white daisies appear in summer.
See also akepiro
Synonyms: wharangi piro, kūmara kai torouka
tarakihi
1. (noun) cicada of various species - there are about 40 species of cicada in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Some live in the forest, some on coastal sand dunes, others in the mountain tops. Cicadas have a blunt head and tapering body, cannot jump but can fly. They are noted for the male's loud summer mating call, the song of each species being distinctive. The wingless cicada nymph (matua kihikihi) lives underground for at least three years, sucking roots. When ready to hatch, it crawls out onto a tree trunk at dawn and the winged adult breaks out of its old nymph skin (ngengeti) and flies away.
He mano te patupaiarehe kei te tarakihi; ko te āhua he āhua tangata, pēnei me te āhua Pākehā, ko te kiri i mā, i kōrakorako te māhunga me te kiri katoa, i rerekē kīhai i rite ki te tangata Māori (KO 20/11/1886:7). / The patupaiarehe are numerous like cicadas; their appearance is the same as humans, like the Pākehā the skin is white and the hair and all the skin is fair, not like the Māori people.
2. (noun) tarakihi, Nemadactylus macropterus - a silver marine fish with a black band behind the head. Deep body and strongly compressed, with one long ray in the pectoral fin. Found throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand coastal waters at depths of 3-462 m. It spawns in schools in late summer and autumn.
Kei te mōhio katoa rātau ki ngā tauranga tāmure, tauranga tarakihi, tauranga hāpuku me ērā atu ika o te moana (TWK 54:3). / They know all the fishing grounds for snapper, tarakihi, groper and those other fish of the sea.
2. (noun) Veronica stenophylla - bushy shrub bearing pairs of very narrow leaves that have small pits near margin inhabiting central Aotearoa/New Zealand. Leaves to 87mm long by 9.5mm wide, upper side dotted. Flowers white, tubular, in spikes to 95mm long.
