runga
1. (location) the top, upper part, on, on top of, the top surface (of something) - a location word, or locative, which follows immediately after particles such as ki, i, hei and kei or is preceded by a when used as the subject of the sentence.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 15-16, 29-30; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 24-25;)
He mangaeka a runga o te pakitara, he whero a raro. / The top of the wall is buff and the bottom is red.
3. (location) upon, in, on - when preceded by mā for travel in a canoe or vehicle. Runga is always used for travel on or in a vehicle.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 47-48;)
Ka haere mātou mā runga i te motokā o tōku matua. / We will go in my father's car.
4. (location) the south.
I rere atu rātou i Tāmaki-makau-rau ki runga, ki Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara. / They flew from Auckland to the south, to Wellington.
5. (location) the basis of, in accordance with - usually followed by anō.
I poroporoaki te kaikōrero ki te hunga kua mate, i runga anō i tā tātou tikanga ki tā te Māori. / In accordance with Māori custom, the speaker farewelled the people who have died.
I runga i te kupu a Henare Parata, ka tukua mai e te Tari Māori i Pōneke he nēhi, arā, he wahine tiaki tūroro (TP 2/1903:11). / On the word of Henare Parata, the Native Affairs Department in Wellington sent a nurse, that is, a woman who cares for sick people.
tonga
1. (modifier) southern, southerly.
I mate mai a Īhaka Whaanga ki Te Māhia i te 14 o Tīhema 1875, ā, he mea tāpuke i runga i tētahi maunga tū tahanga noa iho i te kōmata tonga o te pito o Te Māhia (TTR 1990:395). / Īhaka Whaanga died at Māhia on 14 December 1875. He was buried on an isolated hill at the southern tip of the Māhia peninsula (DNZB 1990:585).
2. (noun) south wind, south.
I tērā wā ko te minita whakahaere a Te Mātenga ki te hunga ki te tonga o Ahitereira (TTR 1990:18). / At that time Samuel Marsden was the minister to the people in the south of Australia.
See also tuauru-mā-tonga, tonga-mā-uru, tonga-mā-rāwhiti
2. (noun) south-west, south-west wind.
Ko Ganges i ahu ki te rāwhiti. Ko Indus i ahu ki te hauāuru-ma-tonga (MM.TKM 1/9/1855:6). / The Ganges heads to the east, the Indus to the south-west.
piropiro
1. (modifier) absolutely - follows āio as an intensifier.
Ka tae ana rāua ki te tautara, ka titiro iho ki te roto me te āio piropiro o te wai. / When they reached the summit they looked down at the lake with its perfectly calm water.
Synonyms: anō, moruka, te mutunga (kē) mai (nei) o te ..., mārika, tahi, mōrukaruka, ehara ehara, pohapoha, puru, hāwerewere, rukaruka, mārie, mārire, pū
2. (noun) intestines, bowels, guts, entrails.
E noho ana ngā ngārara o te mate nei i roto i ngā piropiro (TPH 15/10/1902:1). / The bacteria of this disease inhabit the intestines.
3. (noun) mood, feeling, disposition - usually in the plural.
I poto noa iho tana moe, koinā e kino nā ngā piropiro (PK 2008:643). / She only had a short sleep and that's why she's in a bad mood.
Kua pai anō ngā piropiro i te waeatanga mai o tana whaiāipo (PK 2008:643). / She's in a good mood again because her sweetheart has phoned.
Synonyms: wairua
4. (noun) South Island tomtit, Petroica macrocephala - a little black-and-white bird with a large head and a short tail living in forest and scrub. The South Island tomtit has a yellowish breast.
Synonyms: kōmiromiro
kōmiromiro
1. (noun) white-breasted North Island tomtit, Petroica macrocephala toitoi - a little black-and-white bird with a large head and short tail. Lives in forest and scrub.
See also miromiro
Synonyms: kikitori, māuipōtiki, pipitore, pipitori, pīmiromiro, pīngirungiru, pīmirumiru, pīrangirangi, toitoi, miromiro, hōmiromiro
2. (noun) South Island tomtit, Petroica macrocephala - a little black-and-white bird with a large head and a short tail living in forest and scrub. The South Island tomtit has a yellowish breast.
See also ngirungiru
Synonyms: piropiro
ngirungiru
1. (noun) South Island tomtit, Petroica macrocephala - a little black-and-white bird with a large head and a short tail living in forest and scrub. The South Island tomtit has a yellowish breast.
(Te Pihinga Study Guide (Ed. 1): 1; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 158;)
See also piropiro
2. (noun) weak, feeble, delicate health.
Nā te āhua mōioio o tana wahine i kore ai ia i haere ki te ako i Ākarana hei minita mō te Hāhi Mihinare (TTR 1994:161). / Because of his wife's delicate health he could not go to Auckland to study to be a minister for the Anglican Church.
3. (noun) South Island robin, New Zealand robin, Petroica australis - a tame, inquisitive, small bird of the bush with dark slate-grey feathers and long thin legs. The South Island birds have a white breast.
tōrea tuawhenua
1. (noun) South Island pied oystercatcher, pied oystercatcher, Haematopus finschi - a sea-coast wading bird with black-and-white or all-black plumage and a thin orange-red bill. Feeds chiefly on shellfish, worms, insects and small fish. Breeds on inland riverbeds and farmland of the South Island.
Synonyms: tōrea
