karukaru
1. (noun) blood.
Nā, ka mea kia tukua ngā aho o ngā tukana, ka motokia tōna ihu e Māui; taratīa ana te toto. Ka rere, ka taratī te karukaru, ka pōtaea ki runga ki tōna maka hei mounu (Tr 1874:39). / Now, when his older brothers let out their lines, Māui punched his nose and blood spurted out. The blood flowed, spurting out and he smeared it on his fish-hook as bait.
2. (noun) spongy matter, brains.
2. (adjective) be bloody, raw (of flesh).
3. (noun) blood.
Ka karapinepine te pūtoto ki roto te whare wahiawa (M 2006:4). / 'Twas then blood welled forth floodlike to the house exit (M 2006:5).
4. (noun) haemoglobin.
2. (noun) blood - usually spoken of in the plural.
Ko tētahi āhua, he tere te haere o te paihana i roto i ngā toto, ā, kāore anō kia whaturama te tinana kua hemo te tūroro (TTT 1/5/1922:8). / A symptom is the rapid spread of the poison in the blood and before the body develops scrofulous swellings the infected person dies.
whanaunga
1. (noun) relative, relation, kin, blood relation.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 3; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-54;)
Ko tētehi o aua keke i waiho hei tukutuku ki ngā whanaunga, i ia wāhi, i ia wāhi o Aotearoa, o Te Waipounamu (TW 21/2/1876:72). / One of those cakes was left to be sent to relatives in each part of the North and South Islands.
pāpuni
1. (verb) (-tia) to dam, stop (a stream of water, etc.), staunch, check the flow of blood.
Ko te mea nāna i pāpuni ai te nekehanga whakamua ko te take me Māori, me Pākehā kē rānei hei pīhopa (TTR 1996:6). / The matter that blocked progress was the issue of whether the bishop should be Māori or Pākehā.
2. (verb) to be blocked, dried up.
Ka tae mātau ki reira kua pāpuni kē te ngutuawa i te kirikiri (HP 1991:16). / When we reached the river mouth it had been blocked by the sand.
3. (noun) dam.
Kua tīmata kē te kāwanatanga ki te titiro, ki te hoko i ētahi o ngā pāpuni hiko. / The government has already begun to look at selling some of the electricity dams.
2. arranged marriage - a figurative use to describe an arranged marriage between former enemies which led to the cessation of hostilities, thus stopping the flow of blood.
rauru whanaunga
1. (noun) blood relatives.
Tēnei te pōhiri atu nei ki a koutou, ngā rauru whanaunga, kia haere mai tātou ki Waikirikiri Marae i Ruātoki o roto o te Rohe Pōtae o Tūhoe ā te tekau mā waru o ngā rā o Mei (Wh4 2004:203). / This is an invitation to you all, our blood relatives, for us to come to Waikirikiri Marae at Ruātoki in the Tūhoe territory on 18 of May.
tāpae toto
1. (noun) blood gift, gift in recognition of extraordinary service, obligation, or esteem.
Heoi, ka tango au i taku ritenga Māori ka hoatu ki a koe te kaitaka me te pounamu hei whakanui i te ingoa o tērā kua mate nei he ritenga tēnei e kīia ana he tāpae toto (TWMNT 6/2/1877:49). / And so I take my Māori custom and present you with a kaitaka cloak and greenstone to honour the name of he who has gone, this is a custom called a tāpae toto.
Ka whai take rā mātou ngā uri ki te tohe mō tō mātou noho tūturu, hāunga i runga i te tāpae toto anake, engari mā roto i te whakapapa ka hono i a mātou ki a Ngāti Maru me ngā iwi noho tai (a statement by Pakaariki Harrison of Ngāti Porou - Te Ara 2014)). / It gave us, the descendants, the right to argue the permanence of our tenure, not only in terms of the tāpae toto but in the preceding whakapapa that linked us through to Ngāti Maru from Ahuahu right through Ngāti Maru and all coastal people (Te Ara 2014).
Synonyms: kawenga, takohanga, taumahatanga, kawenga taumaha, utanga, here, herenga
kaikino
1. (verb) (-tia) to be extremely aggrieved.
Kei muri a Rua-pū-tahanga ka rongo he mea hari nā Whatihua i tētehi o ana mauri i hari mai ai i Taranaki mau mai ai te tuna rā. Kātahi ka kaikino rawa te pōuri i a Rua-pū-tahanga (NIT 1995:81). / Afterwards Rua-pū-tahanga heard that Whatihua had taken one of the talismans from Taranaki when he caught the eel. Then her anger quite consumed her (NIT 1995:80).
2. (verb) (-tia) to fight viciously, put to death in cold blood, ill-treat.
Kīhai i roa iho ka kaikino rawa anō te patu, kino rawa atu i ngā whakaekenga o mua o taua whawhai nei (MM.TKM 30/6/1856:7). / It wasn't long before the vicious fighting was renewed with even more murderous intent.
3. (modifier) bitter, vicious, spiteful, malicious.
Ko ngā rā ērā o ngā riri awatea, o ngā riri kaikino i roto o Heretaunga (M 2006:74). / Those were the days of daylight fighting, when bitter inter-tribal wars were being fought in Heretaunga (M 2006:77).
Synonyms: kikokiko, tūtara, whakakino, hīkaka, whakakinokino, ngau tuarā
4. (noun) malevolence, spite, malice, vindictiveness, spitefulness, viciousness, ill-will.
Ko te kaikino, he hiahia tērā kia taka te kino ki ētahi (Ng 1993:267). / Malevolence is the wish that evil come to others.
Synonyms: ngākaukino, hīanga, mauāhara
ia-toto
1. (noun) blood vessel.
He ngongo, he pū rānei te ia-toto e kawea ai te toto mai i te manawa ki ngā wāhi katoa o te tinana, me te hoki anō ki te manawa (RP 2009:219). / Blood vessels are tubes which carry blood from the heart to all parts of the body and back again to the heart (RP 2009:219).
