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Historical loan words

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Idioms

Phrases

Proverbs

Loan words

Historical loan words

Noema

1. (loan) (personal noun) November.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 47;)

I te 9 o ngā rā o Noema nei 1874, ka tū he hui a Te Make, he kaihoko whenua mō te Kāwanatanga ki Ōhinemuri, he tono ki ngā Māori, arā, ki a Ngāti Tamaterā, kia hōmai ngā whenua o taua iwi hei utu mō ā rātou raihana kai, kākahu, waipiro hoki pea (TW 12/2/1875:11). / On the 9th of November 1874, a meeting was held by Mr Mackay, land purchaser for the Government at Ōhinemuri, asking the Māori of Ngāti Tamaterā to give their lands as payment for their food rations, clothing and possibly also for intoxicating drinks.

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Synonyms: Maramamātahi, Whiringa-ā-rangi, Whitiānaunau

Maramamātahi

1. (personal noun) November.

Nō te Maramamātahi o te tau 1958, ka tae mai a Hoani rāua ko Hōriana ki Taumarunui (HP 1991:294). / In November 1958 John and Georgina arrived in Taumarunui.

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Synonyms: Noema, Whiringa-ā-rangi, Whitiānaunau

Whitiānaunau

1. (location) a place mentioned in the creation narratives where Hine-tītama fled to after learning that her husband, Tāne-nui-a-rangi, was also her father. There Aituā lived in his house, Whiti-nuku. Aituā then took Hine-tītama to the entrance to Te Reinga and to Whiti-reinga where Ioio-whenua, the eldest child of Rangi-nui and Papa-tū-ā-nuku, lived. There Hine-tītama became Hine-nui-te-pō and she remains in te pō to receive the spirits of the dead.


2. (personal noun) sixth lunar month of the Māori lunar calendar - approximately equivalent to November and traditionally usd by Ngāti Awa.

Ko te putanga mai o Matariki te tohu mō te marama tuatahi, ko ngā ingoa hoki ēnei o ngā marama katoa: Te Tahi o Pipiri, Te Rua o Takurua,Te Toru Here o Pipiri, Te Whā o Mahuru, Te Rima o Kōpū, Te Ono o Whitiānaunau, Te Whitu o Hakihea, Te Waru o Rehua, Te Iwa o Rūhi-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru o Poutū-te-rangi, Te Ngahuru mā tahi, Te Ngahuru mā rua (TP 1/3/1901:6). / The appearance of Pleiades is the sign for the first month and these are the names of all the months: The first is Pipiri, the second is Takurua, the third is Here o Pipiri, the fourth is Mahuru, the fifth is Kōpū, the sixth is Whiti-ānaunau, the seventh is Hakihea, the eighth is Rehua, the ninth is Rūhi-te-rangi, the tenth is Poutūterangi, the eleventh and twelth months.

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Synonyms: Maramamātahi, Noema, Whiringa-ā-rangi

Whiringa-ā-rangi

1. (personal noun) sixth lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to November.

Ka tae ki te paunga o Whiringa-ā-rangi, kua keri te kātua i tētahi tārua kia whakawhānau i te hua kotahi (Te Ara 2014). / When it reaches late November the adult digs a burrow to lay a single egg.

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See also Whitiānaunau

Synonyms: Maramamātahi, Noema, Whitiānaunau

Uru-tautahi

1. (personal noun) sixth month of the Māori year, approximately equivalent to November and traditionally used by Ngāti Kahungunu.

makora

1. (noun) swamp aster, Olearia semidentata - a beautiful daisy endemic to the Chatham Islands where it is found in peaty ground and bogs. Can grow 2–3 m tall. Flowers appear over the summer months from November, fruiting follows in January and February. The colour of the ray florets is variable, often starting purple and fading to pink or white over time. The disc florets are dark purple. Leaves are dark green with white tomentum (a covering of short dense hairs) underneath and younger stems are often covered with the same.

mānihi

1. (noun) red pondweed, Potamogeton cheesemanii - native aquatic plant found in coastal to montane areas throughout the country, but mostly found in coastal and lowland areas. A common plant of ponds, lake margins and slowly flowing streams. Also colonising roadside ditches. Cream or red-pink flowers in November-March.

Synonyms: rērēwai


2. (noun) mud pondweed, Potamogeton suboblongus - an endemic aquatic plant of coastal to subalpine area, being mostly found in upper montane and subalpine areas in the northern part of its range. More commonly found in shallow, muddy hollows in forest, and colonising tarns and alpine soaks and pools which may partially dry out in summer. Flowers December-March.

Synonyms: rērēwai

mārūrū

1. (noun) hairy buttercup, Ranunculus reflexus - a slender branching pilose (covered with fine soft hairs) perennial herb growing up to 60 cm. It has small yellow buttercup type flowers in November to January. Its fruiting heads are small, partly ball shaped, achenes glab and hooked. Grows in lowland to sub-alpine areas and in various habitats from forests to rocky places in the North, South, Stewart and Chatham Islands.

Ka meatia te mārūrū hai rongoā (W 1971:184). / The hairy buttercup is made into a medicine.

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Synonyms: kōpukapuka

kōpukapuka

1. (noun) Chatham Island forget-me-not, Myosotidium hortensia - large, ribbed, glossy leaves and large bunches of blue or white forget-me-not like flowers in spring.

See also kopakopa

Synonyms: kopakopa


2. (noun) hairy buttercup, Ranunculus reflexusRanunculus hirtus - a slender branching pilose (covered with fine soft hairs) perennial herb growing up to 60 cm. It has small yellow buttercup type flowers in November to January. Its fruiting heads are small, partly ball shaped, achenes glab and hooked. Grows in lowland to sub-alpine areas and in various habitats from forests to rocky places in the North, South, Stewart and Chatham Islands.

See also mārūrū

Synonyms: mārūrū

ono

1. (numeral) six, 6.

Kei hea te riri kia rite ki tēnei te nui o te mate i roto i ngā marama e ono! (TWM 21/6/1871:1). / Where is there a war like this where so many have died in six months!
Ka moea e ia tana hēkeretari kua ono tau rā i tēnei mahi (TTR 1996:267). / He married his secretary of six years.

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2. (numeral) sixth - when used with this meaning it is preceded by te and followed by o.

Kāore a Te Wharepōuri i reira, engari ka tae atu ia – i te ono o ngā rā – ki te āwhina i ōna whanaunga (TTR 1990:331). / Te Wharepouri was not there, but he arrived - on the sixth day - to help his relatives.

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3. (noun) sixth lunar month of the Māori year - approximately equivalent to November.

Hei te ono kua kaha te tipu o ngā mea katoa (M 2004:70). / On the sixth month all growth has become vigorous.

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tūrutu

1. (verb) to screen, shelter.

Ka haramai tēnei ka tūrutu, ka paetau noa au kai te whare (M 2005:354). / This one comes and shelters, and I just sit apart in the house.

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Synonyms: tītopa, pāhoka, pāhokahoka, pātakitaki, pātūtū, whakaruru, , tauārai, mata, , ārai, rīanga, takitaki, pākai, pākai riri, araarai, pātū, pekerangi, ārei, ruruhau, taumaru, pāruru, taumarumaru, whakamauru, whakamarumaru, whakaruruhau, maru, piringa, tāwharau, tīhokahoka, whakahau, whakamaru, whakamaurutanga


2. (noun) tūrutu, New Zealand blueberry, Dianella nigra - loose tussock forming evergreen perennial herb, forming dense to open, diffuse clumps; rhizomes horizontally 150 mm (or more) long, strong and well developed. Leaves 250-800 x 12-18 mm, uniformly green to dark green, upright to strongly curved and distinctly drooping, more or less flat. Green or white flowers November - December and berries from grey-white and dull to strongly violet-blue and glossy.

Synonyms: rēua, piopio


3. (noun) New Zealand iris, native iris, Libertia ixioides - a native plant seen beside tracks and streams. Leaves turn yellow to orange in full sun and are smooth, stiff and long, growing in fans forming a tuft. Flowers are white and three-petalled while the fruit is yellow pear-shaped capsules.

piopio

1. (noun) North Island piopio, Turnagra tanagra, South Island piopio, Turnagra capensis - an endemic plump olive-brown forest bird of distinctive subspecies which are probably extinct.

Nāu, nā te Pākehā te kurī me te ngeru nāna i huna ngā kai o te motu nei, te weka, te kiwi, te kākāpō, te piopio, me te tini o ngā manu o te motu nei (TWMNT 23/4/1873:45). / It was you, the Pākehā that introduced the dog and the cat which destroyed the food of this country, the weka, kiwi, kākāpō, the piopio and the many endemic birds.

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Synonyms: koropio, korohea, tiutiu, tiutiukata


2. (noun) banded dotterel, Charadrius bicinctus - a squat bird with a large head and robust bill distinguished from the New Zealand dotterel (tūturiwhatu) by two bands on the lower neck and breast. Endemic, found on beaches, river mouths and estuaries.

See also pohowera

Synonyms: pohowera, tūturiwhatu


3. (noun) tūrutu, New Zealand blueberry, Dianella nigra - loose tussock forming evergreen perennial herb, forming dense to open, diffuse clumps; rhizomes horizontally 150 mm (or more) long, strong and well developed. Leaves 250-800 x 12-18 mm, uniformly green to dark green, upright to strongly curved and distinctly drooping, more or less flat. Green or white flowers November - December and berries from grey-white and dull to strongly violet-blue and glossy.

See also tūrutu

Synonyms: tūrutu, rēua

rēua

1. (noun) tūrutu, New Zealand blueberry, Dianella nigra - loose tussock forming evergreen perennial herb, forming dense to open, diffuse clumps; rhizomes horizontally 150 mm (or more) long, strong and well developed. Leaves 250-800 x 12-18 mm, uniformly green to dark green, upright to strongly curved and distinctly drooping, more or less flat. Green or white flowers November - December and berries from grey-white and dull to strongly violet-blue and glossy.

See also tūrutu

Synonyms: tūrutu, piopio

rērēwai

1. (noun) red pondweed, Potamogeton cheesemanii - native aquatic plant found in coastal to montane areas throughout the country, but mostly found in coastal and lowland areas. A common plant of ponds, lake margins and slowly flowing streams. Also colonising roadside ditches. Cream or red-pink flowers in November-March.

See also mānihi

Synonyms: mānihi


2. (noun) mud pondweed, Potamogeton suboblongus - an endemic aquatic plant of coastal to subalpine area, being mostly found in upper montane and subalpine areas in the northern part of its range. More commonly found in shallow, muddy hollows in forest, and colonising tarns and alpine soaks and pools which may partially dry out in summer. Flowers December-March.

See also mānihi

Synonyms: mānihi

Whetūkaupō

1. (personal noun) Deneb - the brightest star in the constellation Cygnus. Sets in the evening in October and November.

Haurua

1. (location) The location of a large hui in 1857 in the Ngāti Maniapoto territory where confirmation of the selection of Pōtatau Te Wherowhero as the first Māori King. It was also affirmed that the Kingship was to be hereditary in his family. Pōtatau had been selected as King at Pūkawa on the western shore of Lake Taupō in November 1856.

(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 1-34; Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 1;)

perei

1. (noun) black orchid, Gastrodia cunninghamii - an endemic plant of North, South, Stewart and Chatham Islands. Uncommon north of the Waikato. Usually montane and mostly in beech dominated forests or montane pine forest plantations. Sometimes found at lower altitudes in dark hollows within forest, especially in naturally cold sites. Brown or white flowers October-March, fruiting in December-May.


2. (noun) horned orchid, Orthoceras novae-zeelandiae - endemic orchid with a tuberous edible root found in the North and South Islands in coastal to lower montane areas. In the South Island mainly westerly and recorded as far south as Hokitika. Usually in very sunny sites on open, free draining soils or clay banks with little associated taller vegetation. Often found in urban areas on mostly bare roadside cuttings. Flowers green, red or pink in July-March, fruiting in November-May.

He rahi ngā kai ka kohia i te ngahere, ngā hua o te hīnau, te tawa me te miro; te pūhā, te uho o te nīkau; te aka perei me te tāwhara (Te Ara 2011). / Numerous foods were gathered from the forest, including fruits and berries from hīnau, tawa and miro; sowthistle; the hearts of nīkau palms; the roots of perei (potato orchids), and the bracts of kiekie.

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See also hūperei

Synonyms: māika, māmāika

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