roto
1. (location) the inside, in, within, interior - used to refer to the space physically inside another defined space, e.g. a house, box, etc. It is a location word, or locative, which follows immediately after particles such as ki, i, hei and kei or is preceded by a when used as the subject of the sentence.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 15-16, 29-30; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 24-25;)
Ko roto o te whare, i kī katoa i te tāngata. / Inside, the house was full of people.
See also rō
2. (verb) to be bleary eyed.
3. (noun) red membrane on the inside of the eyelid.
Ka huraina te paerunga kia kitea ai te harare (PK 2008:81). / The upper eyelid was turned up so that the red membrane on the inside could be seen.
4. (noun) red sealing wax - used to verify something such as a document is unopened, to verify the sender's identity, and as decoration. Adapted from the original meanings above.
E ai ki ngā kōrero i whakapurua e Te Whānau-a-Apanui ngā karu o te papa angaanga o tana matua, o Te Pori-o-te-rangi, ki te harare pūwhero (TTR 1990:276). / It is said that Te Whānau-a-Apanui plugged up the eye sockets of the skull of her father, Te Pori-o-te-rangi, with red sealing wax.
2. (verb) (-a,-tia) to turn inside out.
He mea kōhure tōna poraka e ia, arā, ko waho ki roto, ko roto ki waho. / He turned his sweater inside out, that is the outside in and the inside out.
3. (verb) to be full, overflowing.
Takihakohako te kete ka kōhure (W 1971:127). / The basket is heaped up and overflowing.
Synonyms: puhake, pūhakehake, puha, kōrengarenga
4. (verb) to emphasise, stand out, be conspicuous, be distinctive, be prominant.
Ka kōhure a Pāoa, me te turuturu pourewa te āhua e haere atu ana (NM 1928:161). / Pāoa was conspicuous, looking like a pied stilt walking along.
5. (modifier) outstanding, conspicuous, distinctive, prominent.
He tangata kōhure a Erihana i te mahi whakahaere, tino kaha anō hoki ōna pūmanawa hei kaihautū (TTR 1998:41). / Ellison was an outstanding administrator with strong leadership qualities (DNZB 1998:159).
Synonyms: whakaharahara, ahurei, kātuarehe, te kino kē hoki, ka mahi ..., taiea, taumata rau, tapatapahi ana, matararahi, koutu, tāpua, koure, whakaea, whakarae, whakahī, hōhō, tutū
6. (noun) development of a tree or plant to maturity.
2. (noun) collarbone, clavicle - either of the pair of bones joining the breastbone to the shoulder blades.
See also paemanu
3. (noun) batten on the inside joint between the rauawa and the hull of a canoe.
Ka mahia ngā popoki o ngā niao, he paewai ērā (WW 1915:200). / The covers of the gunwales, those are called paewai, were made.
4. (noun) wooden mouthpiece attached to a calabash.
5. (noun) skirting board.
iho
1. (noun) heart, essence, inside, inner core, kernel, pith of a tree, essential quality, nature.
Mō te whēwhē, whakamahia ana e ia te iho o te mamaku me tana hūare ka ūkuikuia atu hoki ki tana rīngi mārena (TTR 1998:60). / For boils, she used the pith of the mamaku fern and her spittle rubbed with her wedding ring.
Synonyms: uho
2. (noun) umbilical cord (middle portion).
Ko te tūhonotanga ki te whaea, ko te rauru tēnā; ko te pito e mau nei ki te tamaiti, ka kīia tēnā ko te pito; ko waenganui ko te iho tēnā (W 1971:75). / The attachment to the mother is the 'rauru'; the end fixed to the child is called the 'pito'; and in the middle is the 'iho'.
kōaro
1. (modifier) inverted, turned right round, inside out, upside down.
I roto i tētahi nūpepa i Ākarana, i pai rawa ana tuhituhinga i mua atu nei, i puta nui te whakapai o te tini ki taua nūpepa, i nāianei kua huri, kua huri kōaro tōna koti, ā, kua āhua hauwarea noa iho (KA 1/1/1861:11). / In an Auckland newspaper his writings used to be of quality and many praised that newspaper, but now it has changed, it's the reverse and is quite inconsequential.
2. (noun) inverse (maths).
Arā noa atu ngā momo kōaro i roto i te pāngarau. Katoa ēnei kōaro, he huripoki i tētahi āhuatanga. Ko te tangohanga te kōaro o te tāpiritanga. Ko te huri whakatemauī te kōaro o te huri whakatematau (TRP 2010:151). / There are many types of inverse in mathematics. All the inverses are about changing something to the opposite, or turning it upside down. Subtraction is the inverse of addition. Turning left is the inverse of turning right (TRP 2010:151).
3. (noun) prejudice.
I whakamātau anō hoki a ia ki te whakakore atu i ngā mataku me ngā kōaro o te hunga noa mō te āhua o te mate hinengaro (TTR 2000:123). / She also attempted to dispel public fears and prejudices about mental illness.
Synonyms: whakatoihara, ngākaukino, whakahāweatanga, whakatakētanga
4. (noun) kōaro, Galaxias brevipinnis, whitebait - a small spotted freshwater fish dark greenish-brown to grey-brown in colour. The juvenile form is one of the five species called whitebait. Widespread throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand in clear, fast-flowing, cobble to boulder streams and rivers with forest cover.
hurikōaro
1. (verb) to turn inside out, the reverse of what it was.
I roto i tētahi nūpepa i Ākarana, i pai rawa ana tuhituhinga i mua atu nei, i puta nui te whakapai o te tini ki taua nūpepa, i nāianei kua huri, kua hurikōaro tōna koti, ā, kua āhua hauwarea noa iho (KA 1/1/1861:11). / In an Auckland newspaper his writings used to be of quality and many praised that newspaper, but now it has changed, it's the reverse and is quite inconsequential.
rō
1. (location) the inside - shortened form of roto i te/ngā (eastern dialect).
Ina ka noho ki rō whare, ko tāna mahi i tino rawe ai he takoto noa mai i te raho o te whare ki mua i te ahi, kānewha ai (TTR 1998:170). / When she was indoors the thing she really liked to do was to lie on the floor of the house in front of the fire and doze.
2. (location) into, in - shortened form of roto i te/ngā (eastern dialect).
Ka ua, ka neke atu rātou ki rō whare. / When it rained they moved inside the house.
pou tāhū
1. (noun) post supporting the ridge pole in the front wall inside a meeting house - sometimes written as one word, i.e. poutāhū.
E toru ngā pou tūhono i te tāhuhu ki te papa, arā, ko te pou tāhū, ko te pou tokomanawa, ko te pou tuarongo (Te Ara 2012). / Three posts support the tāhuhu (ridgepole), namely the pou tāhū (front post), the pou tokomanawa (centre post) and the pou tuarongo (back wall post).
See also pou te wharau
whakaawarua
1. (noun) ditch inside the palisade of a pā or fort.
Ina noa kua whakamana ngā pikitanga ki ngā parepare mātāmua, kua eketia e te hoia. Kei roto i te whakaawarua e werowero ana (TWM 28/11/1863:1). / Soon the order to scale the first fortification wall was given and the soldiers had gone over that and were in the inside trench attacking.
apai
1. (noun) front wall inside a wharenui.
Ka karanga a Rongokārae, " Wāhia te apai o te whare." Kātahi te whitu tekau tangata rā ka turaki i te apai o te whare, o te puta auahi, hinga katoa (TP 5/1913:10). / Rongokārae called, "Smash down the front wall of the house." Then the seventy men demolished the front wall of the house and the window opening, it all fell.
wharemate
1. (noun) house of mourning - the wharemate may be a special separate structure to the left of the meeting house, or the place where the body lies in the verandah or inside the meeting house, depending on the traditional practice of the particular marae. Traditionally, if the wharemate was a separate temporary building, it would be erected especially for the particular tangihanga and removed immediately after the body was taken off for the burial. Some marae have a permanent building as a wharemate.
Ka haria ake ana te tūpāpaku ki te marae, ka whakatakotoria ki roto i te wharemate. Ki ētahi iwi, ka hangā anō he wharemate hei wāhi takoto mō te tūpāpaku, ka whakatakotoria rānei ki rō tēneti. Ko tēnei te tikanga ki ngā hapū o Tūhoe. Ko te wharemate ka whakatūria ki te taha mauī o te whare. Ki ētahi atu iwi, ka whakatakotoria te tūpāpaku ki te roro o te whare. Ko tēnei tikanga ki ngā hapū o Te Arawa me ngā hapū o te riu o Waikato. Ko te wāhi takoto o te tūpāpaku ko te taha mauī o te kūaha. Nā, ki ngā iwi o te Taitokerau, ka haria te tūpāpaku ki roto rā anō i te wharenui ki reira takoto ai (RR 1974:20-21). / When the body of the deceased is taken to the marae, it is laid inside the wharemate. In some tribes a separate wharemate is built for the body to lie in, or it is laid out in a tent. This is the custom in the subtribes of Tūhoe. The wharemate is erected on the left side of the house. In some tribes the body is laid out in the verandah of the house. This is the custom in the subtribes of Te Arawa and in the Waikato basin. The place where the body lies is to the left of the door. But, in the tribes of Northland the body is taken right into the meeting house to lie there.
I te wā ko Eruera te tiamana o te komiti o te marae o Kōkōhīnau, ka whakaaro ia ki te hanga i tētahi wharemate kia tau anō ai ki te kawa o mua kia mutu ai te whakatakoto i ngā tūpāpaku ki roto i a Ōruataupare (EM 2002:96). / During the time that Eruera was the chairperson of the Kōkōhīnau marae committee, he decided to build a house of mourning so that the traditional protocol could be reestablished, and so that the bodies would no longer be placed to lie inside Ōruataupare meeting house.
See also whare pōtae, whare tauā
2. (noun) bereaved family and chief mourners.
Ko ngā uri wāhine o te tūpāpaku ka noho tonu i tōna taha, tae noa ki te te wā e ngaro ai. Ko ētahi anō hoki o ngā kuia ka noho anō i roto i te wharemate. Ko ēnei uri ka kīia ko te whānau pani, ko te wharemate rānei...Ko te pouaru me te whānau a te tūpāpaku ka noho i te taha mauī o te tūpāpaku, ko ōna whanaunga ka noho i te taha matau (RR 1974:21). / The female relatives of the deceased remain continuously by her side, right up until the time she departs. Some of the elderly women also sit inside the house of mourning. These relatives are all said to be the 'whānau pani', or the 'wharemate' (bereaved family and chief mourners)...The widow/widower and the family of the deceased sit on the left side of the body, while his/her relatives sit on the right side.
See also kirimate, whare pōtae
