pouwhenua
1. (noun) long weapon - usually of wood and similar to a taiaha but with a smooth point instead of the carved arero.
Tēnā te rangatira o Taranaki he tangata toa, nui whakaharahara, ko Te Raparapa te ingoa. Ka rere mai taua tangata ki roto ki te riri, ka mate iho i a ia tokowhā ngā tāngata, nā tōna ringa ake anō; kātahi ka rere mai ki te patu i a Te Awa-i-taia. Ko te karohanga a Te Awa-i-taia i te pouwhenua a taua tangata, kātahi ka whakarere atu te whiu o tōna wahaika hinga ana a Te Raparapa ki te whenua (TWM 3/5/1866:1). / There was the renowned chief of Taranaki, called Te Raparapa. That man rushed into the battle and he killed four men with his own hand. Then he rushed to kill Te Awa-i-taia. Te Awa-i-taia parried the pouwhenua of that man and then he wielded his wahaika felling Te Raparapa to the ground.
Synonyms: poupouwhenua
2. (noun) post marker of ownership, boundary marker, land marker post, land symbol of support - post placed prominently in the ground to mark possession of an area or jurisdiction over it.
Ko ngā pouwhenua me ngā tāngata tēnei e whai ake nei (Wh4 2004:16). / This following is the list of land marker posts and leaders.
See also pou whenua
Synonyms: pou whenua
3. (noun) supreme tohunga, leader.
Ko tā te rangatira kupu tōna whakataukī ki ahau, ki a Ngā Puhi, he pouwhenua, he toa anō tō tēnā hapū, tō tēnā iwi (TTT 1/9/1922:16). / I, Ngā Puhi, have a saying that each sub-tribe and tribe has leaders.
Synonyms: kaitaki, kaitātaki, kaiārahi, kākākura, kaiwhakataki, wheao, tumuaki, tumu whakarae, kaiarataki, kaikākāriki, ngārahu, tētēkura, uru, kaihautū, kaitakitaki, kaingārahu, manukura, kaiwhakanekeneke, tātāriki, amokapua, amokura, ariki, ihorei, kahika, tātarariki, poutoko, whakataka, amorangi, hautū, manu taupua
rangatiratanga
1. (noun) chieftainship, right to exercise authority, chiefly autonomy, chiefly authority, ownership, leadership of a social group, domain of the rangatira, noble birth, attributes of a chief.
Kai whea tō rangatiratanga, tō ihi, tō mana, tō marutuna, tō maruwehi? (TPH 30/3/1900:2). / Where is your chiefly autonomy, your personal magnetism, your commanding presence, your inspiration?
2. (noun) kingdom, realm, sovereignty, principality, self-determination, self-management - connotations extending the original meaning of the word resulting from Bible and Treaty of Waitangi translations.
Anō te whakauaua o te tapoko o te hunga taonga ki te rangatiratanga o te Atua! (PT Maka 10:23). / How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God!
Synonyms: kīngitanga, tino rangatiratanga, mana motuhake, motuhaketanga
kokoraho
1. (verb) (-tia) to take for oneself, claim for oneself, claim title to.
Nō te tau 1906 ka uru a Keita ki tētahi tautohe ki a Pīmia Aata e pā ana ki te tuakiritanga o Te Ratu. Ko te whakaatu mai a Kāpene Kuki i tana pukapuka o 1769, he upoko ariki te tangata nei nō Tūranga. I kokoraho a Pīmia he tipuna taua tangata nōna (TTR 1994:207). / In 1906 Kate became involved in a controversy with Pīmia Aata (Euphemia Arthur) concerning the identity of Te Ratu. In Captain James Cook's 1769 journal he showed that this man was the paramount chief of Gisborne. Pīmia claimed that that man was her ancestor.
See also kerēme
2. (noun) claim, ownership claim.
Nā ēnei hononga ōna i kaha ai tōna awe i roto i ngā uri o ēnei iwi, me te whakamana anō hoki i tāna kokoraho ki ngā poraka whenua mai i te awa o Ngaruroro ki te awa o Manawatū (TTR 1990:11). / These connections of hers strengthened her influence with these descent groups, and also validated her ownership claim in land blocks from the Ngaruroro to the Manawatū rivers.
See also kerēme
pou whenua
1. (noun) post marker of ownership, boundary marker, land marker post, land symbol of support - post placed prominently in the ground to mark possession of an area or jurisdiction over it.
Ko ngā pou whenua tēnei i tukua e ngā iwi nōna aua whenua ki raro i te Kīngitanga o Pōtatau (TMP 25/7/1893:3). / These are the land symbols of support for those lands that had been placed by the tribes under King Pōtatau's protection.
Kohi: Ko te kūrae i waho o Whakatāne, i te taha rāwhiti. He pou whenua kārangaranga nō tērā takutai, e kaha ana te haere i roto i ngā waiata (M 2004:358). / Kohi: The headland outside of Whakatāne on the eastern side. It is a well-known landmark of that coast, and it is often quoted in songs.
Synonyms: pouwhenua
Karauna karāti
1. (loan) (verb) (-tia) to award a Crown grant - issued for a grant of land or to transfer Crown land into private ownership. When used in the passive in the sources, the passive ending is only used on the second word.
Nā, mō ngā rori, ka tuaruatia e au aku kupu i whakapuakina ki a koutou i Kemureti, arā kei ngā whenua kua Karauna karātitia ka hanga rori au i ngā wāhi e tika ana (TWMNT 8/5/1877:119). / Now, concerning the roads, I repeat what I said to you at Cambridge, that in lands covered by Crown grants I would make roads where necessary.
2. (loan) (noun) Crown grant.
Hei tā Timi Kara, mā tēnei e kore ai te kōti e pōkia e te hāmenetanga heoi anō, he whakautu tēnei nā te kāwanatanga ki te whakatau a te Kaunihera Motuhake a te Kīngi, arā, ki tā te ture noa, kāore e taea e te Karauna karāti te tīkape, te whakakore noa atu rānei, te taitara whenua papatipu a te Māori (TTR 1994:13). / According to James Carroll, this would prevent the court being swamped by litigation; in fact, it was the government's response to the Privy Council decision, that is, under common law, native customary title could not simply be set aside or extinguished by Crown grants.
2. (negative) Used for the negative of affirmative sentences beginning with he followed by a noun and ā or ō. Such sentences relate to ownership.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 109-110;)
Kāore he whare karakia ō tō mātou marae. / Our marae does not have a church.
kāore
1. (negative) no, not - a negative word used on its own or in a variety of sentence types. Kāore is the most common form but has dialectal variations which include kāhore, kāre, karekau and horekau. Its main uses are explained below where it is listed with each of the various particles it occurs before. As well as being marked by a negative word, negative sentences often differ from corresponding affirmative sentences by having a different word order and sometimes different particles.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 15, 56, 75-76, 83-84, 109-110; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 25;)
2. (negative) Used for the negative of affirmative sentences beginning with he followed by a noun and a possessive determiner on its own, e.g. tāku, ōna, tō māua, ā rātou, etc. Such sentences assert ownership. The possessive determiner is always in the plural in the negative.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 109-110;)
3. (interjection) so, how great - used to express surprise, admiration, distress, etc. this use is often found in mōteatea.
Kāore te mamae, ngau kino ki te hoa (M 2004:60). / How great is the pain that gnaws for my friend.
Kāore hoki taku whakatakariri ki aku mokopuna e kukume kino nei i au, ē (M 2004:386). / How great is my anger towards my grandchildren who have dragged me here.
