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Historical loan words

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Idioms

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Proverbs

Loan words

Historical loan words

awe

1. (noun) white feathers, feather plume, plume (of an albatross or heron), cloud.

He awe toroa nō runga i a Kārewa (JPS 1909:192). / An albatross plume from Kārewa Island.

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Synonyms: puhi, rau


2. (noun) long white hairs - used for decorating clothing, weapons, etc.

Ka whitia e ia te rapa o tōna taiaha ki runga; ka ruia ngā awe, ka pūaha (JPS 1911:22). / He turned the blade of his taiaha upwards, and shook its tuft of white dog's hair so that it opened out.

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3. (noun) strength, power, influence.

I muri tata iho i tōna hokinga mai i Pēwhairangi, ka hora tōna awe ki roto o Ngāti Porou (TTR 1990:164). / Soon after his return from the Bay of Islands his influence spread amongst Ngāti Porou.

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Synonyms: kōmārohi, kaha, tino rangatiratanga, marohi, mārohirohi, mana, maru, hiko, ihi, awenga, , mana whakahaere


4. (noun) soot.

Kei tua i te awe kāpara, he tangata kē māna e noho te ao nei, he mā (JPS 1907:65). / Behind the tattooed face there is a different person who will inherit this world and he is not tattooed. (A prophecy possibly predicting the changes that have occurred in Māori culture and society. The 'awe kāpara' is the tattooing pigment made from soot.)

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5. (noun) soul, an object used by a tohunga in which to place a person's wairua.

Ko te awe he rite anō ki te wairua, engari, koirā te tino o tō wairua. Nā reira, ka noho tonu te wairua e kōrero ake nei koe tō wairua i roto i a koe, engari, ka tīkina e koe tētahi mea pēnei i te matimati nei, i te makawe nei, i te kōhatu nei, i te rau rākau, i te peka rākau, he aha rānei, kātahi ka haria ki te tohunga kia karakiahia e te tohunga. I reira kua noho mai taua mea rā hei awe mō tō wairua, arā, ka hunaia e koe ki tētahi wāhi. Ka haere mai ngā karakia a te tohunga mākutu i a koe e hāngai ana ki a koe kei te huna kē te awe o tō wairua. Nā, e kore e taea te whakamate i tō tinana kia ngaro ai tō wairua (Wh4 2004:224). / The 'awe' is very similar to the 'wairua', but it's the essence of your spirit. And so the spirit that you are talking about dwells within you, but you should procure something such as a fingernail, a strand of hair, a stone, a leaf, a branch, or whatever, and take it to the tohunga for him to perform a ritual chant over. There that thing becomes the 'awe' for your spirit, and so you hide it somewhere. If a tohunga directs ritual chants to bewitch you, then the essence of your spirit is hidden away. So he will not be able to damage your body to destroy your spirit.

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awe

1. (particle) soon.

Me kī ake pea i pōkaikaha a Tā Āpirana kia awe te eke o te Māori ki te ahuwhenua i runga i ōna ake mōrehu whenua (TTT 1/6/1930:2076). / Perhaps it should be stated that Sir Āpirana is anxious for Māori to engage in agriculture on his own remaining land soon.

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awe māpara

1. (noun) distant future - often in the phrase tua o te awe māpara.

E whakapono ana au ka taea te reo onepunga o nāianei te whakamōmona ake, te whakamākūkū ake, kia āhua rite ai te reo kei tua i te awe māpara ki te reo i a nunui mā, i a roroa mā kua riro ki tua o te pae o maumahara (HM 4/1993:7). / I believe that the limited language of now can be enriched so that in the distant future it will be similar to the language of those who have passed on.

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2. (noun) facade, camouflage.

I āhua mōhio rātau, ērā ētahi mahi raruraru kei te mahia i muri i te awe māpara (WT 2013:67). / They had an idea of some of the troubling activities being done behind the facade.

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poi awe

1. (noun) ornamented poi.

He poi awe ēnei, arā, he poi whakanikoniko, hangaia ai ki te muka (RMR 2017). / These are ornamented poi, that is they are embellished poi made with muka (harakeke fibre).

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awe kāpara

1. (noun) planting season, spring.

Nā runga i tō rātau aroha ki te manaaki i te kāwanatanga i Whakatāne, ka kore a Te Arawa i whakatupu kai i te mea kua hipa kē te awe kāpara. Tae rawa ki waenganui o te tau o 1866 kua tino mate i te kore kai (TTR 1990:158). / As a result of assisting the government in Whakatāne, Te Arawa had not planted crops because the planting season had passed. By the middle of 1866 they were desperately short of food.

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awe wairua

1. (noun) psyche.

Ko te puna i ahu mai tōna awe wairua, hoki rā anō ki ngā tauira me ngā āhuatanga o tuawhakarere (TTR 1998:184). / For the sources for his inspiration he returned to the characters and forms of the past.

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wewehi

1. (verb) to be in awe, impressed, frightened.


2. (adjective) be awesome, impressive, frightening, alarming, fearsome.


3. (modifier) awesome, impressive, frightening, alarming, fearsome.


4. (noun) dread, fear, something awesome, awe.

He tino nui te wewehi o rāua ko Te Kōti ki a rāua (TTR 1996:106). / He and Mr Coates had a very high regard for each other.

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5. (noun) spines (e.g. of a dorsal fin).

whakatuatea

1. (verb) to grow anxious, be fearful, worry.

E whakatuatea ana ahau ki te mate o taku tamaiti (W 1971:447). / I am anxious about the illness of my child.

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2. (verb) to terrify, frighten.

Ki te kore e parea atu ēnei nuka a tērā o ngā reo, ka ngaro haere ngā whakatakoto Māori taketake ake, ā, ka rite te āhua o te reo Māori ki tō te reo Pākehā; ko ngā kupu noa iho ka āhua Māori mai. Whakatuatea ana tērā (HM 2/1994:9). / If these devices of that other language are not avoided, the genuine Māori phrasing will disappear and the nature of the Māori language will become like that of the English language; only the words will be Māori. That's frightening.

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3. (modifier) terrifying, terrorism, fearful.

Kua hīkina ngā whakapae whakatuatea i ngā pokohiwi o ngā tāngata tekau mā toru. / The terrorism charges on the shoulders of the thirteen people have been lifted.

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4. (noun) terror, terrorism.

Kua tukuna ngā tāngata tekau mā rima e whakapaetia nei mō te whakatuatea ki te kōti matua o te motu. / The fifteen people accused of terrorism have been sent to the country's supreme court.

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5. (noun) awe-inspiring leader, sage, mystic - a leader who, because of his great mana, is feared and respected.

I puta anō i ngā whārangi o tā Kere Nikora pukapuka ngā kupu whakanui mō Tāwhiao, mō Tōpia Tūroa, mō Meiha Te Wheoro, mō Pēhi Tūroa me ērā atu whakatuatea o te motu nei (KO 15/10/1884:5). / Words honouring Tāwhiao, Tōpia Tūroa, Major Te Wheoro, Pēhi Tūroa and other awe-inspiring leaders also appeared in the pages of Kerry Nicholls's book.

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Synonyms: ruānuku, hīnātore, mātauranga, wānanga

ihiihi

1. (verb) to shudder with fear, be terrified.

Ki ngā tauhou he ihiihi rawa te haere i runga i ngā rori o ngā iwi o Te Tai Rāwhiti (TTT 1/5/1925:229). / To strangers, travelling on the roads of the tribes of the East Coast is terrifying.

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2. (modifier) terror-stricken, excited, inspired by awe and respect.

Ahakoa kāre i tino rerekē atu ōna kākahu i ōna hoa, i kitea tonutia he tangata nui, he tangata ihiihi, kua taunga kē ki te whakatakoto kupu (TTR 1994:82). / Although his clothes were not much different from his companions, it could be seen that he was a person of importance and authority used to making decisions.

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3. (noun) thrill, excitement, exhilaration, passion, elation.

Ka tae mai te ihiihi ki a mātou katoa, ka whakahauhau ngā rangatira, "Tēnā rā, e te iwi, kia toa!" (HKW 1/2/1901:13). / When we all felt the excitement, the leaders commanded, "People, be bold!"

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Synonyms: kakare, awata, wana, hemonga


4. (noun) expression.

Ko te ihiihi te āhua o tā te tangata whakapuaki kupu, whakakori tinana rānei hei whakaatu i te tino wairua o tana kōrero, o tana waiata, o tana kanikani, o tana whakaari rānei. Ina te kitea, te rangona rānei o te kare ā-roto, pērā i te pōuri, te riri, te wehi me te koa (RMR 2017). / Expression is the way a person expresses their words or moves their body to convey the essential feeling of what they are saying, singing, dancing or acting. It is the communicating of emotion, such as sadness, rage, fear and joy (RMR 2017).

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5. (noun) plumed rods projecting from the prow of a canoe.

Ko te rangi anō hoki tērā i wehewehe ai te ihiihi rangi me te ihiihi nuku o te waka (JPS 1957:221-222). / That was the day when the upper and lower ornamental wands were arranged.

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Synonyms: puhi

mūrau

1. (noun) fame, awe, dread, byword, a person cited as a notable example - often used in the phrase te mūrau a te tini, te wenerau a te mano the dread of the multitude, the envy of thousands.

Haere rā, te mūrau a te tini, te wenerau a te mano; nō tēnei tau ka hua ngā hanihani ki runga ki a koe (TWMNT 13/3/1877:69). / Farewell, the dread of the multitude, the envy of thousands; this year there were many disparaging comments made against you.

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wehi

1. (verb) (-ngia) to be awesome, afraid, fear.

Ko te take tuatoru i kore ai te Maori e tohu taonga he wehi nō te Maori kei kīia ia he hākere, he matapiko, he kaiponu (TP 7/1907:4). / The third reason that the Māori would not accumulate possessions is the fear that they might be said to be stingy, mean and covetous.

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See also ka mau te wehi!


2. (verb) to be terrible.

Ka wehi ngā kākahu o te wahine rā, tāwekoweko ana (W 1971:407). / The clothes of that woman are terrible, they're quite ragged.

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3. (noun) dread, fear, something awesome, a response of awe in reaction to ihi.

He mea whakairo hoki, he mea kōwhaiwhai, he mea tukutuku, hei pupuri i te ātanga, i te wehi, i te haratau o ērā taonga a ō tātau tīpuna i roto i tēnei o ngā whare o te Atua (TTT 1/12/1925:336). / And it was carved and decorated with rafter paintings and lattice-work to retain the beauty, awesomeness and relevance of those treasures of our ancestors in this particular house of God.

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whakapāwerawera

1. (verb) to cause stress, instil awe, instil dread.

He aha tā koutou e whakapāwerawera i te wahine nei? (PT Matiu 26:10). / Why trouble ye the woman?

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2. (modifier) stressful, worrying.

Koinei te tauira i puta ai i a ia ngā kaupapa huhua i te nuinga o tōna wā, engari mahue kē mai ana hei take whakapāwerawera kē i a Te Rarawa me Panguru i te mutunga o ōna rā (TTR 2000:44). / This was the pattern she used for many projects for most of her life, but it was stressful within Te Rarawa and at Panguru in her later years.

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marutunatanga

1. (noun) imposing appearance, awe-inspiring appearance.

Tū tonu ia i runga i te tatari mō te putanga mai o te tahu, tū ana ia i runga i tōna marutunatanga, i runga i tōna manahau, i te rangatiratanga whakahira, he uri hoki nō nunui mā (TKM.MM 18/7/1863:3). / He stood, and awaited the appearance of the bride with his imposing bearing and elation became of his illustrious birth and exalted station.

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marutuna

1. (stative) be imposing, awe-inspiring, commanding.

He hōiho tōna – he hōiho nui, he mā, ko Niu Tīrene te ingoa – he wehi, he marutuna ki te Māori, ki te Pākehā hoki (TTR 1990:358). / He had a great white horse, called Niu Tīrene (New Zealand), which both Māori and Pākehā held in some awe.

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2. (modifier) sophisticated, imposing, awe-inspiring, commanding.

Ko ngā Māori anake kua tae atu ki Ingarangi, e mōhio ki te whakahara, ki te ātaahua o ngā ritenga i meatia rā, hei whakahōnore mō te tama mātāmua o te Kuīni, te Piriniha o Wāra, rāua ko tana tahu marutuna (TKM.MM 18/7/1863:1). / Only Māori who have visited England would know of the vastness and splendour of the ceremonies to honour the Queen's eldest son, the Prince of Wales, and his sophisticated wife.

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3. (noun) imposing nature, commanding presence.

Kāore tēnei hanga a Mate i titiro ki te marutuna o Mangonui, kāore i titiro ki te nui o tana mana whatiia noatia iho e Mate (KO 15/8/1884:2). / This thing, Death did not consider the imposing nature of Mangonui, or his great status, Death just snatched him away.

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pāwerawera

1. (verb) to be painful, hot, heated.

Kia āhua roa e pāwerawera ana, ka whakamaroke te tinana o te tūroro ki tētahi tāora, ā ka kuhu ai he kahu maroke (TTT 1/9/1928:846). / When the patient has been hot for quite a long time, dry the body with a towel and put on dry clothes.

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Synonyms: mamae, tārū, whakamamae, pāmamae, hīrawerawe, tārūrū


2. (noun) burning sensation.


3. (noun) distress, awe, dread, fear, alarm, terror.

Ki te mea tētahi tangata kua tūkinotia ia e tētahi, kaua ia e whakarite i te utu mō tōna matenga; e kore hoki e tika tana whakarite, he nui hoki nō tōna riri, nō tōna pāwerawera (KO 10/9/1890:6). / If a person is mistreated by another, he should not retaliate in like manner for that hurt; it is never right to respond in like manner because of one's anger and distress.

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wehiwehi

1. (verb) to be in awe, impressed, frightened.

Koia anō tēnā tāna i wehiwehi ai ki te Pākehā (TKP 4/10/1858:2). / That is why he was afraid of the Pākehā.

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2. (adjective) be awesome, impressive frightening, alarming, fearsome.

He wehiwehi rawa te āhua o ngā kōrero o te matenga o ētahi kāinga e toru kei Mahatuheti (he porowini o Amerika) i te pakarutanga o ngā puna wai nunui (TWMNT 30/6/1874:165). / The details of the destruction of three villages in Massachusetts (one of the American States) by the reservoirs bursting, are very alarming.

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3. (modifier) awesome, impressive frightening, alarming, fearsome.

I a rātou i roto i te ngahere ka rongo i ngā reo wehiwehi o te pō. / While they were in the forest they heard the frightening voices of the night.

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4. (noun) dread, fear, something awesome, awe.

Ko te wehiwehi kau ki te Pākehā (TMT 15/7/1861:10). / Fear of the Pākehā for no particular reason.

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5. (noun) spines (e.g. of a dorsal fin).

whana aweawe

1. (noun) (sport) chip kick.

ka mau te wehi!

1. (interjection) how terrible! how terrific! fantastic! awesome! how frightening - often used to praise something or someone's work. Sometimes also used to express the opposite or to express awe, amazement or fear.

(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 106; Te Pihinga Audio Tapes/CDs (Ed. 2): exercise 40; Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 196;)

Ka mau te wehi o ngā waituhi a Ralph Hōtere. / Ralph Hōtere's paintings are fantastic.

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