mauri
1. (noun) life principle, life force, vital essence, special nature, a material symbol of a life principle, source of emotions - the essential quality and vitality of a being or entity. Also used for a physical object, individual, ecosystem or social group in which this essence is located.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 227-228;)
Nā, he mauri tō ngā pakake, he mauri tō ngā tāngata, he mauri tō ngā tuna, he mauri tō ngā manu, he mauri tō ngā ika, nā reira i mate ai ēnei mea katoa i te mākutu; ki te mākututia e te Māori ēnei mea, ka mate, ngaro tonu atu; ahakoa nui ēnei mea, ki te mākututia ka ngaro (BFM 2013:248-249). / Now, whales have a mauri, people have a mauri, eels have a mauri, birds have a mauri, fish have a mauri, therefore everything can be destroyed by mākutu; if the Māori bewitches these things, they will be destroyed and disappear, no matter how big these things are, if a spell is cast upon them they will disappear.
Takoto mai, e koro, kia tangihia koe e ō iwi. Auē! Ka mau te punga here o te waka nei. Ka ngaro koe, te kaihautū, te kākākura o roto i te pōkai, te puhi o Aotearoa, te kura whakahirahira o Te Waipounamu, te mauri o te whenua, te mauri o te tangata, haere! Haere rā! (TP 7/1906:9) / Lie in state, sir, to be wept over by your people. Oh, dear! The anchor of this canoe is taken. You are gone, the fugleman, the leader of the flock, the adored one of the North Island, the important treasure of the South Island, the life force of the land and the people. Depart! Farewell!
See also pā whakawairua
mouri
1. (noun) life principle, vital essence, special nature, a material symbol of a life principle, source of emotions - the essential quality and vitality of a being or entity. Also used for a physical object, individual, ecosystem or social group in which this essence is located.
Ka mutu tēnei whiti, ka tīmata tēnei i te whakaaranga i te mouri (TWMNT 21/2/1872:49) / When this verse ended, he began the awakening of the mauri.
See also mauri
whanonga pono
1. (noun) principles, values.
He mea whakamātau nāna kia riro mā āna kōrero ōpaki ki ngā kaitōrangapū Pākehā e mōhio ai rātou ki te tāhuhu o ngā whanonga pono a te Māori (TTR 1996:49). / In informal conversation she tried to convey to Pākehā politicians an understanding of central Māori values.
2. (modifier) folded once, having one aspect, united, single.
Pū ngātahi ai te ngākau tapatahi me te pukumahi i te wahine nei, i riwhariwha nei te whatumanawa i te matenga o te maha o tōna whānau (TTR 2000:30). / This woman combined integrity with hard work, despite a heart scarred by the deaths of many of her family.
Synonyms: tōtahi, takakau, tahi, kotahi, kōtahitahi, takitahi
3. (noun) uprightness, honesty, righteousness, vitue.
He pai ki te rawakore e haere ana i runga i tōna tapatahi, i te tangata he parori kē ōna ara, ahakoa he whai taonga ia (PT Nga Whakatauki 28:6). / Better is the poor that walketh in his uprightness, than he that is perverse in his ways, though he be rich.
4. (noun) small fish basket - made of toetoe leaves for holding fish.
E rua tapatahi inanga, ka hoatu ēnā ki te aroaro o Kahu rātou ko ōna hoa tohunga (W 1971:383). / There were two baskets of whitebait, and those were placed in front of Kahu and his fiends.
wharekura
1. (noun) house of learning - traditional place where tohunga taught esoteric knowledge to selected men.
Wharekura: Ko te whare kōrero i te wānanga, i ngā kōrero tūpuna (M 2006:272). / House of learning: The house where knowledge of esoteric lore was taught and also ancestral lore (M 2006:273).
2. (noun) school, school house.
Ko tēnei wharekura nā te Hāhi i utu ngā mea katoa (TP 11/1900:5). / For this school the Church paid for everything.
3. (noun) secondary school run on kaupapa Māori principles - these schools use Māori language as the medium of instruction and incorporate Māori customary practices into the way they operate.
E haere ana āna mokopuna ki te wharekura o Rākaumangamanga kia mōhio ai rātou ki te kōrero Māori. / Her grandchildren are attending the Rākaumangamanga wharekura so that they know how to speak Māori.
kaupapa Māori
1. Māori approach, Māori topic, Māori customary practice, Māori institution, Māori agenda, Māori principles, Māori ideology - a philosophical doctrine, incorporating the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values of Māori society.
Ka taea rānei te whakahou o ngā tikanga papai a te Māori ka ngaro nei? Ka taea rānei te whakahoki o te Māori ki ngā kaupapa Māori tūturu? Me āpiti atu ko ngā mahi a te Pākehā e tika ana hei āwhina atu i te kaupapa Māori (TTT 1/7/1927:615). / Can the beneficial Māori practices that are being lost be revived? Or are Māori able to return to a true Māori approach? Appropriate Pākehā practices to support the Māori approach should be incorporated.
Ko te reo Māori te reo o ngā kaupapa Māori. E tautokohia ana te reo Māori hei reo whaikōrero e Milroy me tana kī ko te whaikōrero he kupu Māori, nā reira, me Māori anō ngā kōrero (Rewi 2005:21). / The Māori language is the language of Māori institutions. Milroy supports the idea that Māori should be the language of whaikōrero (oratory) and he says that whaikōrero is a Māori word, therefore whaikōrero should be in Māori.
mātāpono
1. (noun) principle, maxim.
I tua atu i tō rātou matatau ki te reo Māori, e tika ana anō kia matatau ngā tāngata o roto i tēnei whakahaere ki te whakatakoto mahere reo, ki te whakahaere rangahau, ki te āhua o te kāwanatanga, me ngā mātāpono mātauranga (HM 1/1999). / Apart from their knowledge of Māori, the people involved need to be familiar with establishing language plans, with conducting research, with the nature of government and with education principles.
Aho Matua
1. The philosophical base for Kura Kaupapa Māori education for the teaching and learning of children. Te Aho Matua is presented in six parts, each part having a special focus on what, from a Māori point of view, is crucial in the education of children: 1. Te ira tangata – the physical and spiritual endowment of children and the importance of nurturing both in their education; 2. Te reo – principles by which this bilingual competence will be achieved; 3. Ngā iwi – principles important in the socialisation of children; 4. Te ao – those aspects of the world that impact on the learning of children; 5. Āhuatanga ako – the principles of teaching practice that are of vital importance in the education of children; 6. Te tino uaratanga – the characteristics aiming to be developed in children.
Waikerepuru, Te Huirangi Eruera
1. (personal name) Ngāti Ruanui, Tāngahoe; Orator, educator and activist for Māori language revival and indigenous rights. Following a career as a building tradesman, moved into trade training and became prominent in adult education in Māori language revitalisation. Having developed language instruction programmes turned his attention to broadcasting recognising its value in promoting Māori language use. Led the case through to the Privy Council that the NZ Government should recognise and protect Māori language as a 'taonga under the principle of the Treaty of Waitangi' in the allocation of New Zealand's broadcasting assets. Following this successful challenge Huirangi returned to Taranaki where he has become the single most dominant figure in guiding the regeneration of Taranaki's distinct regional dialect. Received an Honorary Doctorate from The University of Waikato in 1995 for his achievement in both tertiary education and Māori language communities.
2. (modifier) repaying, paying, responding, avenging, replying.
I waiatatia ai e Matangi-hauroa te waiata nei ki a Te Whatanui e whai ana kia oho te iwi o Te Whatanui kia haere ki te rapu utu mō te parekura (M 2004:298). / This song was sung by Matangi-hauroa to Te Whatanui with the object of rousing Te Whatanui's people to go and seek revenge for the defeat.
Synonyms: whakautu
3. (noun) revenge, vengeance, retaliation, payback, retribution, cost, price, wage, fee, payment, salary, reciprocity - an important concept concerned with the maintenance of balance and harmony in relationships between individuals and groups and order within Māori society, whether through gift exchange or as a result of hostilities between groups. It is closely linked to mana and includes reciprocation of kind deeds as well as revenge. While particular actions required a response, it was not necessary to apply utu immediately. The general principles that underlie utu are the obligations that exist between individuals and groups. If social relations are disturbed, utu is a means of restoring balance. Gift exchange, a major component of utu, created reciprocal obligations on the parties involved and established permanent and personal relationships. Traditionally utu between individuals and groups tended to escalate. Just as feasts were likely to increase in grandeur as an exchange relationship developed over time, so could reciprocal acts of vengeance intensify. Utu was not necessarily applied to the author of the affront, but affected the whole group. Thus utu could be gained through a victory over a group where only the most tenuous of links connected the source of the affront with the target of the utu. Any deleterious external influence could weaken the psychological state of the individual or group, but utu could reassert control over the influences and restore self-esteem and social standing. Suicide could even reassert control by demonstrating that one had control over one's fate, and was a way of gaining utu against a spouse or relative where direct retaliation was not possible. Such indirect utu often featured within kin groups.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 48;)
He mea peita anō hoki e ia, ā he utu tika tāna utu i tono ai mō āna mahi (TW 28/8/1875:170). / They were also painted by him and the price he asked was right for his work.
See also utu ā-hāora
Synonyms: utu kaimahi, whakakaitoa, uto, rautupu, utu ā-tau, utunga, moni utu, paremata, homaitanga, hoatutanga, tauutuutu, ngakinga, whakarite, ngaki, rautipu
4. (noun) compensation, recompense, reparation.
Ka taea anō te whakarite tētahi utu mehemea kua pā tētahi tino mate ki ngā tāngata tika ki te whenua (RT 2013:99). / Compensation can be arranged if a serious problem has affected the people who have rights to the land.
Synonyms: whakaea, paremata, moni whakaea
