kauranga
1. (noun) ford, crossing, crossing place.
Tēnei anō tētahi whakatūpato āku ki ngā tāngata e whakawhiti atu ana, e whakawhiti mai ana i te awa o Waihī, kia tūpato ngā tāngata tauhou, ko te kauranga pai, me whakawhiti i raro iho o ngā pou i whakatūria e te Kāwanatanga (KO 16/4/1886:9). / This is a caution of mine to the people crossing the Waihī stream for strangers to be careful. The safe crossing is below the posts erected by the Government.
whakawhiti
1. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) to cross over, change, interchange, ferry.
I kī rā ahau he tohu aua whetū. Koia nei hoki te kāpehu a ō tātou tūpuna i whakawhiti mai ai i Hawaiki (TTT 1/7/1922:3). / I have stated that those were navigational stars. They were the compass of our ancestors who travelled here from Hawaiki.
2. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) to transfer, convey.
I tohutohungia e ia te whaea kia ākina a Tapu ki te whakawhiti i te katoa o ōna whenua ki a Kiti (TTR 1996:172). / He advised her mother that Tapu should be forced to transfer all his property to Kiti.
3. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) to cross (something over something else).
Hei tohu i te mana me te awe hoki o Mere Rikiriki, i tāpaetia atu ai e Kīngi Tāwhiao he haki māna, e mau nei te ingoa ko 'E Te Iwi Kia Ora'; kātahi te taonga matahīapo ko tēnei; ko ōna tino tohu ko Te Paki o Matariki, kei mua ake ngā mere e rua he mea whakawhiti te takoto (TTR 1996:171). / As a symbol of Mere Rikiriki's influence and mana, King Tawhiao's presented a flag to her, on which there was the name 'E Te Iwi Kia Ora'. This was a prized treasure with significant markings known as Te Paki o Matariki, and with two mere crossed in the foreground.
4. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) to exchange, swap, switch, transpose.
Kātahi ka whakawhiti taonga a Te Mātenga rāua ko Turikatukuku: ka riro i a Turikatuku he hetiheti rino, ka hoatu ki a Te Mātenga te kō ngaki māra a Turikatuku (TTR 1990:378). / Then Marsden and Turikatuku exchange presents: Turikatuku received an iron hoe; Marsden was presented with Turikatuku's weeding tool.
5. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) to exchange (maths).
Whakawhitia he rau hei tekau (TRP 2010:330). / Exchange a hundred to tens.
6. (verb) (-a,-hia,-ngia) discuss, deliberate, negotiate - when followed by kōrero.
Mai i ngā tau whakamutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1950, he mea tono a ia kia haere ki ētahi hui, pērā i te hui a ngā Rangatahi Māori i Ākarana i te tau 1959, ki te whakawhiti kōrero mō ngā take noho tāone, noho taihara, tae atu ki te oranga hinengaro me te mātauranga (TTR 2000:124). / From the late 1950s she was invited to go a series of hui, including the 1959 Young Māori Leaders’ Conference in Auckland, to discuss issues of urbanisation and crime, including mental health and education.
Synonyms: whiriwhiri, whakawhitiwhiti
7. (modifier) exchanging, swapping.
He mea tuku te poraka nei e te kāwanatanga ki ngā hapū o Te Wairarapa hei whenua whakawhiti mō ō rātou moana (TTR 1996:249). / The government gave this land block to Wairarapa hapū to exchange land for their lakes.
8. (noun) crossing, transit, crossing over, exchanging.
Ka ahiahi ka kōrero taua tangata mō te whakawhiti ki Te Waipounamu (JPS 1901:67). / In the evening the man spoke about the crossing over to the South Island.
9. (noun) exchanging (maths).
He rautaki matua te whakawhiti i roto i ngā paheko tau, arā, ko te whakawhiti i waenga i ngā paparanga uara tū. Arā pea, he whakawhiti i ngā kotahi hei tekau, he whakawhiti rānei i ngā tekau hei rau (TRP 2010:330). / Exchanging is an important strategy in number operations, that is, exchanging between hierarchies of place values. For example, exchanging ones for a ten, or tens for a hundred (TRP 2010:330).
kauanga
1. (noun) ford, crossing, crossing place.
Te omanga o aua tangata ka tae ki te kauanga o te awa, hei konei ka pūhia e ētahi hōia i whakanohoia i reira hei tiaki i taua kauanga (TWM 14/5/1864:2). / Those men fled and reached a river crossing where they were shot at by some soldiers stationed there to guard that crossing.
2. (noun) act of swimming.
Ko te wāhi i ū ai ia he waiariki, ko Waikimihia te ingoa. Ka noho ia ki roto ki te whakamahana i a ia, he wiri hoki nōna i te māeke, i te kauanga mai i te pō i te moana o Rotorua (NM 1928:111). / The place where she came ashore was a hot pool, called Waikimihia. She sat in it to warm herself because she was shivering with cold from the swim during the night in Lake Rotorua.
tūhana
1. (noun) river-crossing pole - a pole held breast high for linking people when crossing a river where the strongest people were positioned at each end of the pole, to prevent the smaller or weaker members of the party from being washed off their feet.
Ka mahia kā tūhana i reira, ka whiriwhiria kā tākata mārōrō mō ruka, mō raro o kā tūhana (MT 2011:61). / Poles for linking the people crossing the river were made there and the strongest men were selected for the upstream and downstream ends of the poles.
Synonyms: tūwhana
whiti
1. (transitive verb) (-a) to change, turn, exchange, transfer, transpose, swap.
Ka whitia e ia te rapa o tōna taiaha ki runga; ka ruia ngā awe, ka pūaha (JPS 1911:22). / He turned the blade of his taiaha upwards, and shook its tuft of dog's hair so that it opened out.
Kai ētahi o ngā whakapapa ka whitiwhiti haere te whakanoho i ngā tīpuna, ko te tāne ka waiho hei tamaiti mā te wahine, ko ngā tīpuna ka waiho hei mokopuna, ko ngā mokopuna ka whitikia atu hei tīpuna (TJ 8/3/1900:8). / With some of the genealogies the placings of the ancestors have been transposed, the husband has been made the son of the wife, the grandparents have been made as grandchildren, and grandchildren have been swopped to be grandparents.
2. (intransitive verb) (-a) to cross over (a river, bridge, etc.), reach the opposite side.
Haere ai te mano ki Takapuna āhuareka ai, tākarokaro ai, i ngā wa e wātea ana i te mahi. Whiti ai ki ngā tima i ngā hāora katoa, i te ata, ahiahi noa, kākarauri noa, pōuri noa (KO 14/6/1884:3). / Thousands go to Takapuna for entertainment and recreation when they are free from work. The ferries cross all the time, in the morning, afternoon, at dusk and when it's dark.
3. (noun) cross beam, crosspiece, crossbar.
Nā, ka mahia te waka, koirā ngā toki i tāraia ai te waka, ā ka oti te tārai te haumi, te kei, te ihu, ngā rauawa; ka oti ngā taumanu, te tauihu, te rapa me te kāraho, te puneke, te ihu, te utuutu-matua, te whakarei o te kei, ngā mea katoa mō te waka taua, ngā kōrewa, ngā tā wai, ngā hoe, ngā whiti, ngā tokotū, ngā huapae, ngā rā, ngā taura, ngā punga e rua, whakawhenua, ngā punga kōrewa, ngā toko waka, ngā hoe whakaara o te ihu, ngā hoe whakatere o te kei (JPS 1922:23). / The canoe was then adzed out, hewn with those adzes. The piece to lengthen the hull was hewn out, the stern, the bow, the topstrakes; finished were the thwarts, the prow piece, the stern attachment, the decking, the fore end, the utuutumatua, the carved work of the stern, and all things pertaining to a war canoe. These included the outriggers, the balers, the paddles, the crosspieces and masts, the fore and aft beams of the outrigger frame, the sails, the cordage, the two anchors, ground and sea, the punt poles, and the steering oars of the prow and stern.
2. (verb) to dried up, dry.
Ka pūtītia taku waha i te kainga aruhe (W 1971:317). / My mouth is try from eating fern root.
3. (modifier) dried up, desiccated, dry, dull.
Ko te whakaaro o ētahi, ahakoa kai tōtika te parāoa pakapaka, me whai wāhi mai anō he pikopiko, he pīkara, he aha ake, hei kīnaki i ēnei kōrero āhua pūtī nei (HM 1/1995:2). / Some think that although dried bread is appropriate food it should be accompanied with greens, pickles and other delicacies to spice up this somewhat dry talk.
2. (verb) (-a,-tia) to traverse, travel over, cross over.
Kia tāroia te moana a Kupe ki Whāngārā, ko 'Matioro (M 2005:154). / To traverse the sea of Kupe to Whāngārā, to 'Matioro.
2. (verb) to glide along, float along, move quickly.
E rere rā e te ao uru, tauhōkai ana i runga rā (G 1853:249). / Fly there o western cloud, floating along above.
3. (verb) to rise (of stars, planets, etc.).
4. (modifier) distance.
I hangaia ēnei whakaaturanga mō ngā akoranga tauhōkai reo Māori o te whare wānanga. / These television programmes were made for the university Māori language distance courses.
5. (noun) strut, cross brace.
Nā ngā tauhōkai i taunaki ngā kurupae matua (Ng 1993:459). / The struts supported the main girders.
whitianga
1. (noun) crossing over, voyage.
I te haerenga o Tama-āhua ka mahia tōna waka, a ‘Te Moana-waewae,’ ka karangatia e ia te kauika pakakē kia whakawhitia ia ki rāwāhi, ki Hawaiki. I tōna whitianga ka tukua mai te haeata kia tau ki runga o Poua-kai (JPS 1915:39). / For Tama-āhua's journey, he prepared his canoe, named ‘Te Moana-waewae', and he called a school of whales to help him to cross to the other side, to Hawaiki. On his journey, he sent a beam of light to land on Pouākai.
2. (noun) diameter.
Whakamahia te tāporowhita, ka tuhi ai i tētahi porowhita e toru mitarau te whitianga (TRP 2010:262). / Use the compass and then draw a circle three centimetres in diameter.
toati
1. (noun) cross beams (of a boat).
I te kaha o te tākiri a te ika, kāre e roa ka ngaro ngā toati o te waka ki raro i te tāmure, i te hāpuku, i te tarakihi, i te aha atu, i te aha atu rānei (WT 2013:37). / The fish are biting so well that it isn't long before the cross beams of the boat disappear below the snapper, groper, tarakihi and whatever else.
