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Loan words

Historical loan words

kai-

1. Prefix added to verbs which express some kind of action to form nouns denoting a human agent (i.e. the person doing the action), e.g. kaikōrero (speaker), kaitiaki (guardian, trustee), kaimahi (worker), kaihoko (seller), kaituhi (writer) and kaitito haka (haka composer). This prefix cannot be used with verbs the meaning of which indicates a state, not an activity, e.g. moe and . In other words, only transitive verbs can take the prefix kai-. There are exceptions to this rule, notably kainoho (inhabitant). Some of the words created by this use of kai- are listed in this dictionary, but the list is not exhaustive.

(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 48-49;)

He kaiārahi ia i Te Whakarewarewa. / She is a guide at Whakarewarewa.

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See also kaihoe, porokaihākere

kai

1. (verb) (-nga,-ngia) to eat, consume, feed (oneself), partake, devour.

E te iwi, he haukai tēnei kei tō aroaro, kainga! (TTT 1/7/1930:2099) / People, this is a feast placed before you, devour it!

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2. (verb) (-nga,-ngia) to drink - used for any liquid other than water.

Ka rīria a Hōne e Apirana he kaha nōna ki te kai waipiro (TTR 1998:184). / John was reprimanded by Apirana because he drank alcohol to excess.

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3. (noun) food, meal.

(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 33-34; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 35-49;)

He nui te kai: te parāoa, te huka, te tī, te pīkara, te tōhi, te pīwhi, te poaka, me te tini o ngā kai (KO 15/12/1886:8). / There was plenty of food: bread, sugar, tea, pickles, toast, beef, pork, and much more.

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See also hari kai

Synonyms: renga, kamenga

kāī

1. (noun) mataī, black pine, Prumnopitys taxifolia - a coniferous, long-lived native tree of lowland forest with small, narrow leaves arranged in two rows, hammer-marked trunk and pale timber. Ripe seed is a deep blue-black with a pale purplish bloom.

See also mataī

Synonyms: māī, kākāī

kai

1. (particle) at (eastern dialect variation of kei).

kai

1. (noun) riddle, puzzle, toy.

kai

1. (verb) to fulfil its proper function, have full play, have full effect.

E whiti, e te rā, e kai ki taku kiri (W 1971:86). / Shine, o sun, have full effect upon my skin.
E kore e mau i a koe he wae kai pakiaka (W 1971:86). / You will not catch feet used to running among tree roots. (A whakataukī stressing the value of experience for success.)

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kai whiore

1. (noun) incest.

E whakaae ana ngā ngaio tikanga Māori ehara te kai whiore (ngau whiore rānei) me te pāwhera i te āhuatanga nō te ao Māori tūturu (Te Ara 2014). / Experts on Māori customs agree that incest and rape were not condoned in the traditional Māori world.

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kai paipa

1. (loan) (verb) to have a smoke.

Tekau meneti i tukua mō te kai paipa. / There was a ten minute break for smoking.

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2. (loan) (verb) to be everyday, informal, ordinary, mundane.

kaitaka kai

1. (noun) caterer.

Meinga ana ko tana pāpā whakaangi, ko Nōpera Te Kawa te kaiwhakahaere i reira, me tana kōkā, me Maraea te kaitaka kai (TTR 2000:130). / His stepfather, Nōpera Te Kawa, was made camp supervisor there and his mother, Maraea, was the caterer.

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kai whāngai

1. (noun) traditional marriage celebration feast.

Na, nō te tau 1816 ka tū he kai whāngai, arā, he hākari pākūwhā mō Nohorua rāua ko tētahi wahine o Ngāti Rāhiri. Hei tuakana te Nohorua nei ki a Te Rauparaha. I whānau rā hoki ki te wahine matua a tō rāua pāpā. Hei utu i te kai whāngai ka rewa atu ngā waka o Ngāti Rāhiri ki Kāwhia. Ehara, ka huripoki ngā waka, ka kōharihari te kaihaukai (TTR 1990:297). / In 1816 a marriage celebration feast was held for Nohorua and a woman of Ngāti Rāhiri. This Nohorua was Te Rauparaha's older half-brother. He was born to the senior wife of their father. To reciprocate for the marriage celebration feast, the canoes of Ngāti Rāhiri set off for Kāwhia. But alas, the canoes overturned and the return feast was spoiled by water.

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kai mārō

1. (noun) esoteric lore - a figurative term for the sacred rites, karakia, tribal history, genealogies, philosophies and other knowledge taught in the traditional whare wānanga.

Ka whāngaia a Tamarau ki ngā kai mārō, ki ngā tātai kōrero me ngā tikanga a tōna iwi (TTR 1994:113). / Tamarau was taught the esoteric lore, history and traditions of his people.

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hangarau kai

1. (noun) food technology.

hari kai

1. (noun) song to entertain visitors as food is set out.

Tētahi take nui i whakaaetia e tēnei hui, ko ngā mahi a ngā tūpuna o mua kei ngaro, kia tino mahia nuitia i ēnei rā: Ngā whakataukī, ngā waiata Māori, ngā pepeha, me ngā tikanga katoa o ngā mea, me ngā harihari, tūtū ngārahu, me ngā hari kai (TP 8/1909:11). / An important matter that was agreed to by the meeting was the activities of the ancestors of former times that these should be used widely today: The aphorisms, Māori songs, tribal sayings and the customary practices of everything, the songs to unite people in a common purpose, war dances and songs for presenting food.

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See also harikai

kai hamuti

1. (interjection) a curse indicating annoyance, dislike or mild anger towards someone. The strength of the phrase depends on the ferocity of the delivery by the speaker.

Kei noho koutou ka whakawhiwhi tūranga ki tēnā kai hamuti (HKK 1999:92). / Don't you dare give that bugger a position.

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kai paraurehe

1. (noun) junk food.

Ahu mai ai ētahi mate i ngā kai paraurehe, whakamōmona i te tinana. / Some illnesses are caused by junk food which cause obesity.

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mahinga kai

1. (noun) garden, cultivation, food-gathering place.

Ko ngā otaota hoki o ngā pāmu kua maroke rawa atu, ānō he mea tahu ki te ahi. Waihoki me ngā tāngata Māori e auhi ana ki ā rātou mahinga kai (KO 15/1/1886:3). / And the grass of the farms has dried off completely as if it was burnt with fire. In addition the Māori people are distressed about their gardens.

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mate kai

1. (stative) be hungry.

I kai ai i ō mātou hoariri, hei ngaki i te mauāhara a te ngākau pukuriri, ehara i te mate kai i kainga ai te tangata, engari he kai i te hoariri, kia ngata ai te ngākau kino ki a ia (JPS 1896:4). / We ate our enemies to satisfy the hatred of the angry heart, not through hunger after man's flesh, but enemies were eaten to assuage the bitter feelings we had.

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See also matekai

pare kai

1. (noun) Bib (feeder).

rārangi kai

1. (noun) menu.

Synonyms: kōwhiringa, taotaka

tunu kai

1. (noun) cooking.

(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 35-45;)

Kei a ia mō te tunu kai (HKK 1999:14). / She's got it when it comes to cooking.

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