tūmahi
1. (noun) verb - a word used to indicate an action.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-55, 88-89, 123-125, 148-149;)
I te rerenga kōrero 'e auau ana te kurī', ko te 'auau' te tūmahi. / In the sentence 'e auau ana te kurī', 'auau' is the verb.
See also tūmahi hāngū
tūmahi oti
1. (noun) stative verb - a verb expressing a state or condition rather than an activity or event. These are called 'neuter verbs' by some grammarians.
I te rerenga kōrero 'i mahue a Mānia i te pahi', he tūmahi oti te kupu 'mahue'. / In the sentence 'i mahue a Mānia i te pahi', the word 'mahue' is the stative verb.
kupumahi
1. (noun) verb, ordinary verb, universal.
Ko wai mā hei hoa piri tata mōna i te rerenga - ko kupumahi rānei (ā, me he kupumahi, ko ēhea momo kupumahi), ko kupuingoa rānei, ko kupuāhua rānei, ko kupu whakakāhore rānei, ko wai kē atu rānei (HJ 2015:7). / What goes as a close complement for it in the sentence - a verb (and if it's a verb which type of verb), a noun, an adjective, a negative, or what else.
tūmahi wheako
1. (noun) experience verb - a verb that names a mental state, attitude, perception or experience. Although experience verbs function like transitive verbs (tūmahi whiti) in some ways, they differ in others. Common experience verbs include: kite, rongo, mārama, pīrangi, mōhio, hiahia, mahara, tūmanako. Generally with experience verbs (except kite) their objects are marked with ki, e.g. Kei te mōhio au ki tō pāpā. (I know your father.) Experience verbs function like adjectives when used in commands in that they are preceded by kia, not e or nothing, e.g. Kia maumahara! (Remember!).
Ko te tūmahi wheako he kupumahi whakaatu i te wheako, i te waiaro. / An experience verb is a verb indicating an experience or attitude.
kupumahi wheako
1. (noun) experience verb - a verb that names a mental state, attitude, perception or experience. Although experience verbs function like transitive verbs (kupumahi whiti) in some ways, they differ in others. Common experience verbs include: kite, rongo, mārama, pīrangi, mōhio, hiahia, mahara, tūmanako. Generally with experience verbs (except kite) their objects are marked with ki, e.g. Kei te mōhio au ki tō pāpā. (I know your father.) Experience verbs function like adjectives when used in commands in that they are preceded by kia, not e or nothing, e.g. Kia maumahara! (Remember!).
kupumahi oti
1. (noun) stative verb - a verb expressing a state or condition rather than an activity or event. These are called 'neuter verbs' by some grammarians.
He kupumahi whiti anahe te momo kupumahi ka noho pai mai ki muri tonu o te 'hei' - kauaka te kupumahi poro, te kupumahi oti rānei (HJ 2012:65). / Transitive verbs are the only type of verbs that can sit correctly straight after 'hei' - not intransitive verbs or stative verbs.
hāngūtanga
1. (noun) passive verb - a word that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending. The passive endings are: -tia, -hia, -ngia, -a, -ia, -ina, -kia, -mia, -na, -nga, -ria, -whia, -whina, -kina.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85;)
Synonyms: tūmahi hāngū
tūmahi hāngū
1. (noun) passive verb - a word that is used when the subject undergoes the action of the verb. In Māori, verbs used in the passive usually take a passive ending. The passive endings are: -tia, -hia, -ngia, -a, -ia, -ina, -kia, -mia, -na, -nga, -ria, -whia, -whina, -kina.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65-67, 84-85; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 88;)
I te rerenga kōrero 'kua horoia ngā rīhi', ko te 'horoia' te tūmahi hāngū. / In the sentence 'kua horoia ngā rīhi', 'horoia' is the passive verb.
See also pīmuri whakahāngū
Synonyms: hāngūtanga
tūmahi whiti
1. (noun) transitive verb - a verb able to take a direct object.
He tūmahi whiti te kupu 'tapahi', i te mea kāore te tangata e tapahi noa - me tapahi rawa ia 'i' tētahi mea, pērā i te parāoa, i te rākau, i te aha atu (PK 2008:1000). / The word 'tapahi' is a transitive verb because the person is not just cutting - she must actually cut something, such as the bread, the wood, or something else.
kupumahi whiti
1. (noun) transitive verb - a verb able to take a direct object.
He kupumahi whiti anahe te momo kupumahi ka noho pai mai ki muri tonu o te 'hei' - kauaka te kupumahi poro, te kupumahi oti rānei (HJ 2012:65). / Transitive verbs are the only type of verbs that can sit correctly straight after 'hei' - not intransitive verbs or stative verbs.
kupumahi poro
1. (noun) intransitive verb - a verb not able to take a direct object.
He kupumahi whiti anahe te momo kupumahi ka noho pai mai ki muri tonu o te 'hei' - kauaka te kupumahi poro, te kupumahi oti rānei (HJ 2012:65). / Transitive verbs are the only type of verbs that can sit correctly straight after 'hei' - not intransitive verbs or stative verbs.
2. (particle) by, made by, acted on - mā combines with e to form a future tense emphasising who or what will do the action, sometimes called the actor emphatic. This grammatical construction is only used with transitive verbs, not with intransitive verbs, with statives (neuter verbs), or with verbs in the passive.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 65; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 41-42;)
Synonyms: nā
3. (particle) Used with hei to show relationships.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 54;)
4. (particle) by way of, via, through.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 47-48; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 66;)
5. (particle) by means of, on - followed by runga.
Haere ai tō mātau pāpā ki tana mahi mā runga hōiho (HP 1991:27). / Our father went to his work by horseback.
See also mā hea
6. (particle) Used in names for the points of the compass.
He aha rawa te hau e pupuhi mai nei? He marangai mā tonga. / What is the wind that's blowing? It's a south-easterly.
See also marangai-mā-raro, raki-mā-rāwhiti, uru-mā-raki
2. (particle) by, made by, acted on - combines with i to form a past tense emphasising who or what did the action, sometimes called the actor emphatic. This grammatical construction is only used with transitive verbs, not with intransitive verbs, with statives (neuter verbs), or with verbs in the passive.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 30-32; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 41-42;)
Synonyms: mā
