whakanoa
1. (verb) (-ia,-tia) to remove tapu - to free things that have the extensions of tapu, but it does not affect intrinsic tapu.
Kāore ō tātau mātua i tahuri ki te horohoro i a rātau, i a tātau hoki i ō rātau uri (arā ki te whakanoa), kuhu atu ana ō tātau mātua me tātau hoki me ā rātau tamariki ki roto i ngā whakahaere o ngā atua hōu, me ō rātau nei tikanga, tikanga noa (TPH 15/12/1900:1). / Our parents did not set about removing the tapu restrictions from them, and from us, and their descendants (that is to make us free from tapu). Our parents, us and their children entered into the procedures of the new gods and their customs which are free from tapu.
Synonyms: pure
2. (verb) (-tia) to invalidate, extinguish - used particularly in referring to land titles.
Ko ngā Karauna Karāti katoa e whakaputaina ana i runga i te mana o tēnei Ture, e kore e taea te whakanoa e te Kuīni, e tētahi atu tangata rānei (RT 2013:111). / All Crown Grants issued on the authority of this Law can not be invalidated by the Queen or anybody else.
3. (modifier) tapu removing.
I puta anō ōna rongo poropiti; i a ia hoki ngā karakia whakanoa i ngā taonga me ngā wāhi tapu (TTR 1990:228). / He gained a reputation as a prophet, and he carried out tapu removing ceremonies from objects and tapu places.
4. (noun) removal of tapu.
Ko tēnei mea, ko te waiata ki a mātou, ehara i te kīnaki. Kāore! He mahi nui tōna. Ko taua mahi rā, ko te whakanoa atu i te tapu o te kaikōrero (TWK 46:17). / To us the song is not a relish. No! It has an important function. Its purpose is the removal of the tapu of the speaker.
tapu
1. (stative) be sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection - see definition 4 for further explanations.
I taua wā ko Te Riri anake te tangata o Ngāti Hine e kaha ana ki te noho i aua whenua. Ko te mea hoki e tapu katoa ana te whaitua nei, pokapoka katoa ana ngā hiwi i ngā rua tūpāpaku (TTR 1998:82). / At that time Te Riri was the only person of Ngāti Hine who wanted to live on the property, because the area was tapu and the surrounding hills were riddled with burial caves.
Synonyms: whakaihi, rohe, kura, whakatapu, puaroa, taparere, apiapi, rāhui, kōpiri, ārikarika
2. (modifier) sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection - see definition 4 for further explanations.
Kei te maumahara tonu ngā uri o Te Whiti ki te tūruapō, arā, te maunga tapu kei te tonga, kei tōna ātārangi he rākau, e pae rua ake ana i tōna peka ngā manu mōhio a Mumuhau rāua ko Takeretō (TTR 1994:172). / It is remembered by Te Whiti's descendants, namely that there is a sacred mountain to the south and in its shadow there is a tree with a branch and on this branch are two birds of knowledge, Mumuhau and Takaretō.
3. (modifier) holy - an adaptation of the original meaning for the Christian concept of holiness and sanctity.
Otiia hei minita anō rātou i roto i tōku wāhi tapu, hei tiaki i ngā kūwaha o te whare, hei minita ki te whare (PT Ehekiera 44:11). / Yet they shall be ministers in my sanctuary, having charge at the gates of the house, and ministering to the house.
4. (noun) restriction, prohibition - a supernatural condition. A person, place or thing is dedicated to an atua and is thus removed from the sphere of the profane and put into the sphere of the sacred. It is untouchable, no longer to be put to common use. The violation of tapu would result in retribution, sometimes including the death of the violator and others involved directly or indirectly. Appropriate karakia and ceremonies could mitigate these effects. Tapu was used as a way to control how people behaved towards each other and the environment, placing restrictions upon society to ensure that society flourished. Making an object tapu was achieved through rangatira or tohunga acting as channels for the atua in applying the tapu. Members of a community would not violate the tapu for fear of sickness or catastrophe as a result of the anger of the atua. Intrinsic, or primary, tapu are those things which are tapu in themselves. The extensions of tapu are the restrictions resulting from contact with something that is intrinsically tapu. This can be removed with water, or food and karakia. A person is imbued with mana and tapu by reason of his or her birth. High-ranking families whose genealogy could be traced through the senior line from the atua were thought to be under their special care. It was a priority for those of ariki descent to maintain mana and tapu and to keep the strength of the mana and tapu associated with the atua as pure as possible. People are tapu and it is each person's responsibility to preserve their own tapu and respect the tapu of others and of places. Under certain situations people become more tapu, including women giving birth, warriors travelling to battle, men carving (and their materials) and people when they die. Because resources from the environment originate from one of the atua, they need to be appeased with karakia before and after harvesting. When tapu is removed, things become noa, the process being called whakanoa. Interestingly, tapu can be used as a noun or verb and as a noun is sometimes used in the plural. Noa, on the other hand, can not be used as a noun.
(Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 237-240; Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 6;)
Kāore he kai maoa o runga i tēnei waka, i a Tākitimu, nā te tapu. He kai mata anake (HP 1991:9). / There was no cooked food on this canoe, on Tākitimu, because it was tapu. There was only raw food.
Ko tēnei i muri nei he karakia whakahorohoro i ngā tapu o ngā tāngata (TWMNT 3/4/1872:58). / The following is a ritual chant to remove the tapu of people.
See also rāhui
Synonyms: poropeihana, apiapi, aukatinga, here, kōpiri, rāhui
