whakatuma
1. (verb) to challenge, act defiantly, confront, antagonise, threaten.
Ko te take o ana hamumu, nō tō rāua tautohe i te matenga o Te Rangi-iri-hau, he kī nā Makino nāna te tūpāpaku, tautohe rāua kua whakatuma tētehi me tētehi (JPS 1893:229). / The reason for his words was a quarrel they had about the death of Te Rangi-iri-hau, when Makino said that he had killed him; so they argued and threatened one another.
2. (modifier) defiant, aggressive, belligerent, antagonistic.
3. (noun) defiance, challenge, threat.
Me whakamahi e mātou te aro nui mai o te itinga o ngā tāngata ki te reo Māori, me te whakamauru i ō te nuinga āwangawanga ko tā te reo Māori he whakatuma i te reo Pākehā o Aotearoa nei (HM 4/1990:3). / We must make the most of the small number of people that are kindly disposed towards the Māori language and placate the concerns of the majority that the Māori language challenges English in Aotearoa/New Zealand.
