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Historical loan words

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Idioms

Phrases

Proverbs

Loan words

Historical loan words

maruāpō

1. (noun) night.

Synonyms: kengo, marupō,


2. (noun) dream.

Ka mea atu a Manaia ki tana wahine, “E Kui! he maruāpō tāku kua taea koe e te tangata." (JPS 1914:2). / Then Manaia said to his wife, “Old woman! I had a dream that you had been taken by a man."

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See also marupō

kengo

1. (verb) to become dark, set (of the sun).

Ka kengo te rā (W 1971:114). / The sun set.

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Synonyms: ahiahi, toene, torengi, torongi, nekuneku, tōwenewene


2. (noun) night.

Synonyms: maruāpō, marupō,

Rākaunui

1. (modifier) full moon.

Kei ngā pō atarau, kei ngā pō rākaunui o te marama, e kitea atu ana a Rona, me tana tahā, me te rākau ngaio e tū ana i tana taha (TWK 2:13). / On moonlit nights, on nights when the moon is full, Rona can be seen with her calabash and the ngaio tree standing at her side.

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2. (personal noun) full moon on the fifteenth night (sometimes the seventeenth or eighteenth night) - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this night marks the start of the month. A good day for fishing and planting.

Ko Rākaunui te rā ka taka mai i muri i te pō o te raununui o te marama (Wh3 2003:106). / Rākaunui is the day after the night of the full moon.

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Synonyms: Takirau


3. (noun) full moon.

Kia pā te rā ki te pae, kia whakatātare mai te marama i runga i ngā pae maunga, kia kī mai te tai i te ahiahi, koia nā te marama tūturu. Koia nā te Rākaunui (WT 2013:17). / When the sun touches the horizon in the evening; when the moon peers over the hills and the tide is at its fullest, that is the fullest of the full moons. That is Rākaunui (WT 2013:17).

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Hotu

1. (noun) fifteenth night of the lunar month - sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth night of the lunar month.

Ōrongonui

1. (personal noun) moon on the twenty-seventh night (sometimes the twenty-eighth night) of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the thirteenth night of the lunar month.

He pai a Orongonui mō te hao īnanga (Te Ara 2016). / Ōrongonui is good for netting whitebait.

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2. (noun) thirteenth night after the full moon.

Pērā anō te āhua o te Ōrongonui nei i ērā rā e rima kua pahure ake. He pō tino pai mō ngā mea katoa (WT 2013:37). / Ōrongonui is just the same as those past five days. It's a very good day for everything.

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Tamatea

1. (personal noun) moon on the eighth night of the lunar month.


2. (noun) general name for four nights of the lunar month from the 21st to the 24th night after the full moon - each night has its own name added to Tamatea.

I roto katoa i aku rangahau, kimikimi kōrero mō te ingoa nei, kāre i tarea e ngā pakeke te whakamārama pono ko wai te Tamatea nei, ā, he aha te ingoa nei i noho ai i konei (WT 2013:51). / In all my research and enquiries about this name, the elders were not able to adequately explain who this Tamatea was and why the name appears here.

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Ōtāne

1. (personal noun) moon on the twenty-sixth night (sometimes the twenty-seventh night) of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the twelfth night of the lunar month. A productive day on both land and sea .

Ko ēnei mea katoa e kōrero ana mō te āhua o Ōtāne (WT 2013:37). / All these things refer to the nature of Ōtāne (the twelfth night after the full moon).

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Turu

1. (personal noun) moon on the fourteenth (or sixteenth) night of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the thirtieth night of the lunar month.


2. (noun) moon on the thirtieth night after the full moon.

Koia nei te Turu - te rā hai whakaohooho i ngā puna waihanga o roto i te ngākau o tēnā, o tēnā (WT 2013:72). / This is Turu - the day when the creative spirit within the soul of each person is roused.

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Rākaumatohi

1. (personal noun) moon on the sixteenth (or eighteenth) night of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the second night of the lunar month.

Rākaumatohi: He rā tino pai mō te ono kai, mō te hī ika, kāore mō te tuna (Wh3 2003:106). / The sixteenth night of the lunar month: A very good day for planting food, for fishing, but not for eels.

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Takirau

1. (personal noun) moon on the seventeenth (eighteenth or nineteenth) night of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the third night of the lunar month.

Ko ngā rā ka whakatō kai te Māori, ko Ōuenuku (rā 4) ko Ari (rā 9), ko Rākau-nui (rā 16), ko Rākau-matohi (rā 17), ko Takirau (rā 18), ko Ōrongonui (rā 27) (Te Ara 2013). / Māori planted kūmara on the nights called Ōuenuku (4th day), Ari (9th day), Rākau-nui (16th day), Rākau-ma-tohi (17th day), Takirau (18th day) and Ōrongonui (27th day).

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Synonyms: Rākaunui


2. (noun) moon on the third night after the full moon.

E whakatūpato ana ngā pakeke mō tēnei āhua o te Takirau, nō te mea kai waenganui i te pai, i te kino tēnei pō e tītakataka ana (WT 2013:25). / The old people caution about this aspect of the Takirau night, because this night wavers between producing a good or bad crop.

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Atua

1. (noun) moon on the thirteenth night (sometimes fifteenth night) of the lunar month.

Oike

1. (personal noun) moon on the eighteenth (or twentieth) night of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the fourth night of the lunar month - not a good day forfishing or planting.


2. (noun) moon on the fourth night after the full moon.

I kite au i ētahi o ōku pakeke ohooho, koi ngā hinengaro, e rumaki kai ana i te pō o te Oike ki te whakamātau mehemea ka mau tonu te mana o te Takirau i kō atu i a ia anō, kāre rānei (WT 2013:26). / I have seen some of my energetic and enquiring old people planting on the night of Oike to test if the Takirau night effect persisted beyond itself or not (WT 2013:26).

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Ōmutu

1. (noun) thirtieth night of the lunar month - in some districts the twenty-ninth and for Te Whānau-ā-Apanui this is the fourteenth night of the lunar month. The last day of the productive period of fishing, planting and eeling.

Ka ū ana te waka ki Rangitoto; ka roa e noho ana i konā, ka tae ki a Akaaka-nui te kaupeka o te tau, i te Ōmutu o te marama (JPS 1914:63). / The canoe landed at D'Urville Island, where they stayed for some time until the last day of the month of Akaaka-nui (December).

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Tangaroa

1. (personal name) atua of the sea and fish, he was one of the offspring of Rangi-nui and Papa-tū-ā-nuku and fled to the sea when his parents were separated. Sometimes known as Tangaroa-whaiariki.

(Te Māhuri Study Guide (Ed. 1): 40-42;)

Ko te māoritanga o ngā ingoa o ēnei tamariki a Rangi rāua ko Papa: Ko Tangaroa, he ika; ko Rongo-mā-tāne, ko te kūmara; ko Haumia-tiketike, ko te aruhe; ko Tāne-mahuta, ko te rākau, ko te manu; ko Tāwhiri-mātea, ko te hau; ko Tū-mata-uenga, ko te tangata (KO 16/9/1886:6). / The explanation of the names of these children of Rangi and Papa is: Tangaroa is fish; Rongo-mā-tāne is kūmara; Haumia-tiketike is fernroot; Tāne-mahuta is trees and birds; Tāwhiri-mātea is wind; Tū-mata-uenga is humans.

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See also atua


2. (noun) general name for the seven nights of the lunar month from the eighth to the fourteenth nights after the full moon - these are generally good days for planting fishing and eeling.

Ko te kōrero whakamutunga anō mō te tino āhua o ngā Tangaroa nei, tae noa ki te Ōmutu, ko tēnei te wā mōmona o te maramataka, e whitu rā te roa (WT 2013:32). / The final statement about the real nature of these Tangaroa nights, right until Ōmutu (the fourteenth night after the full moon), is that this is the productive time of the lunar calendar, and it is seven days long.

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Mutuwhenua

1. (personal noun) thirtieth night of the lunar month. In some districts the  twenty-ninth - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the fifteenth night of the lunar month.

Mutuwhenua:— He rā kino rawa, kua mate te marama (TTT 1/7/1923:16). / Mutuwhenua: A very bad day and the moon has disappeared.
I te ata moata tonu, i muri iho i a Mutuwhenua, i a Takatakapūtea rānei kē, marangai ai ngā pakeke ki te titiro i te putanga o te marama hou (WT 2013:42). / Early in the morning after Mutuwhenua or Takatakapūtea the elders will rise to look for the appearance of the new moon (WT 2013:42).

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2. (noun) moon fifteen days after the full moon.

Tēnā, kia waiho ake te Mutuwhenua nei mō te wā poto, kia peka ake ki te whakamārama i ēnei kōrero whakatauākī (WT 2013:39). / Now, let's leave Mutuwhenua for a short time so that we can digress to explain these aphorisms.

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Mauri

1. (personal noun) moon on the twenty-eighth night (or sometimes the twenty-ninth night) of the lunar month.

Mauri: he ata paki, kua pōuri te marama (Te Ara 2011). / Mauri: the morning is fine, the moon has darkened.

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Māwharu

1. (personal noun) moon on the twelfth or thirteenth night of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the twenty-seventh night of the lunar month.

Māwharu: He rā ngāwari tēnei mō te pouraka kōura (TTT 1/1/1923:10). / Māwharu (twelfth night of the lunar month): This is a suitable day for crayfishing.

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2. (noun) moon on the twenty-seventh night after the full moon.

Ko te Mawharu nei tētahi o ngā pō mutunga mai o te mōmona o ngā pō katoa o te maramataka (WT 2013:67). / Mawharu is one of the richest nights of the maramataka (WT 2013:67).

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Ōmutuwhenua

1. (personal noun) thirtieth night of the lunar month. In some districts the  twenty-ninth.

Tangaroa-ā-mua

1. (personal noun) moon on the twenty-second night of the lunar month - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the eighth night of the lunar month, or the eighth night after the full moom.


2. (noun) moon on the eighth night after the full moon.

Mā te Tangaroa-ā-mua nei e whakapūmau te āhua o te roanga atu o ngā Tangaroa katoa (WT 2013:32). / It is during the first night of Tangaroa, Tangaroa-ā-mua, that the true nature of the Tangaroa period will be confirmed (WT 2013:32).

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Huna

1. (personal noun) moon on the eleventh night of the lunar month, or sometimes the tenth night - for some tribes (e.g. Te Whānau-ā-Apanui) this is the twenty-sixth night of the lunar month.

E rua anake ngā kupu kua tuhia e ngā pakeke ki te taha i a Huna: 1. Tūpuhi; 2. Kino (WT 2013:67). / There are only two words that the elders have written beside Huna: 1. Emaciated; 2. Bad.

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2. (noun) moon on the twenty-sixth night after the full moon.

Kia hoki ake anō ki te Huna nei. I kīia ake i mua nei, ko tōna tikanga kai te huna ngā mea katoa (WT 2013:66). / To return to this Huna. It was stated before that its meaning is that all things are hiding.

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