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Loan words

Historical loan words

puninga

1. (noun) camping place, camping ground, campsite.

He whakaaro nui nō Te Hāpuku kia riro māna te whenua o Tāwhara e hoko, kātahi ka whakatūria he puninga ki Whakawhiti i Ākuhata 1857 (TTR 1990:180). / Te Hapuku, determined to assert his right to sell Tawhara's block, erected a camp at Whakawhiti in August 1857.

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2. (noun) tribe, family - especially in relation to descent.

Rāua tahi he puninga nā Taranaki me Te Āti Awa (TTR 1994:181). / Both of them were of Taranaki and Te Āti Awa descent.

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3. (noun) genus (classification of organisms).

E ai ki tā ngā mātanga pūtaiao whakarōpū rauropi, ko te momo te rōpū rauropi iti rawa atu. Ko ngā momo e whanaunga tahi ana, ka kīia he puninga (RP 2009:290). / According to the authorities on the classification of organisms, a species is a very small grouping of organisms. Species that are closely related are called a genus.

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4. (noun) blocking up, blockage.

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