pea
1. (particle) perhaps, maybe, might, possibly, probably, thereabouts, about, approximately - a particle that expresses uncertainty. In the phrase it comes after manner, directional and locative particles, if they are present.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 46;)
Nō te tau 1980 pea i haere ai au ki Ingarangi. / It was possibly 1980 when I went to England.
E whā tekau noa iho pea rātou (TTR 1990:78). / There were possibly just forty of them.
Synonyms: tērā pea, ākene pea, āwhai, tēnā pea, kei, pea iana, pea ina, ākuanei, ākene, ēkene, āpea, etia, ākune, ākuni
pea
1. (loan) (noun) pear.
E takatū ana mātau ki te hoko mai i ngā Māori i ngā huarākau katoa, arā, paramu, tere, pea, pītiti, āporo, kuini, wāina, me ērā atu tini huarākau (TJ 18/1/1898:9). / We are preparing to buy from Māori all kinds of fruit, that is, plums, cherries, pears, peaches, apples, quinces, grapes and the many other kinds of fruit.
tēnā pea
1. perhaps, possibly, maybe, there is a possibility - a form used when placing pea at the beginning of a sentence or phrase.
Tēnā pea kei te tika te kōrero mō Te Heru, he wahine nā Hikareia (M 2006:262). / The statement about Te Heru that she was a wife of Hikareia may be correct.
Otirā kua kohi moni ngā Māori o Rotorua hei oranga mō aua tāngata, ko ngā Pākehā hoki i kohikohi anō. Tēnā anō pea e haere ki ētahi wāhi o te motu kohikohi ai (TWMNT 27/3/1877:78). / But the Māori of Rotorua have collected money, and Pākehā have also contributed. They will probably go to other parts of the country to make collections.
Synonyms: pea, tērā pea, ākene pea, āwhai, ākune, ākuni, ākuanei, ākene, ēkene, āpea, etia
tērā pea
1. perhaps, possibly, maybe, there is a possibility - a form used when placing pea at the beginning of a sentence or phrase.
rā pea
1. (particle) indeed, actually, really - adds emphasis. Often written as one word in earlier texts, i.e. rāpea.
Kua kitea ake rā pea te kai e au i mua. Tēnā ko taku tāne kātahi nei au ka kite ki tēnei mea a te moe tāne (JPS 1952:180). / I have seen food before, but now for the first time I experience the joys of marriage.
Synonyms: kē, koia, koia, tinana, koa, katoa, rawa, i neki, inā, tonu, ata, rā anō, rānō, mārie, mārika, mārire, ia rā, tino
taihoa pea ka/kua
1. will probably - an idiom sometimes used to indicate that something is likely to happen.
Tokorua kei te hohipera i Nēpia, taihoa pea ka hoki ki te kainga ki te whakaako i ngā wāhine Māori ki te tiaki i ā rātou tamariki, ki te nānā hoki i ngā tūroro (TP 4/1904:7). / There are two people at the hospital in Napier, and they will probably return home to train the Māori women to care for their children and to nurse the patients.
E mōhio ana tātou, ki te waiho i konei tō tātou ngākaunui, tō tātou manawanui ki tō tātou reo, taihoa pea kua tata manawa kiore ko te reo Māori e mōhio nei tātou (HM 4/1995:4). / We know that if our commitment and dedication to our language is left at this, then the Māori language that we know will probably be at death's door.
ka mutu pea
1. how great, how marvellous, how wonderful - an idiom used to praise a person or something.
Ka rawe kē te māra a Te Rauhina. Āe tonu. Ka mutu pea. / How wonderful Te Rauhina's garden is. Yes, indeed. It's great.
Mō te hōhonu o ngā whakaaro, me te mārama o te reo, ka mutu pea i tēnā tangata (HJ 2012:28). / For the depth of ideas and the clarity of the language, that man is marvelous.
rūpene
1. (loan) (noun) lupin, Lupinus spp. - a plant of the pea family with deeply divided leaves and tall, colourful, tapering spikes of flowers.
Synonyms: rūpini
ākene
1. (interjection) perhaps, soon, probably - often followed by pea.
2. you'll get it soon, you're in for it, you're in for the high jump - sometimes used as an idiom at the start of the sentence to indicate that the speaker is becoming tired of, or angry about, what someone or others have said or done and is warning them they will be in trouble if they don't stop.
Ākene ka pokaina. Ki te kore ngā waihakihaki e rongoātia, ka hua pea ko ngā mate kikino rānei, ko te hemo noa atu rānei. / One had better be operated on. If the skin disease is not treated, a serious illness might result, or eventually death.
See also ākene [koe] i a au, ākene pea
ākuni
1. (interjection) perhaps, possibly, soon, probably - often followed by pea.
Ka kōkiri atu rātou ki te taua a Ngā Puhi, me te whakaaro anō o Nuku-pewapewa ākuni pea koia nei te 'pū' i kōrerotia mai rā (TTR 1990:89). / When they engaged in combat with Ngā Puhi Nuku-pewapewa realised that these were probably the 'pū' that had been spoken about.
Synonyms: ākune, ākuanei, ākene, ēkene, pea, tērā pea, ākene pea, āpea, āwhai, tēnā pea, etia
2. you'll get it soon, you're in for it, you're in for the high jump - sometimes used as an idiom at the start of the sentence to indicate that the speaker is becoming tired of, or angry about, what someone or others have said or done and is warning them they will be in trouble if they don't stop.
Rangi: He aha hei parakuihi māu, e moko? Pare: He ahikirīmi. Rangi: Ākuni ō taringa i a au (HKK 1999:109). / Rangi: What do you want for breakfast, grandchild? Pare: Some icecream. Rangi: I'll box your ears if you're not careful.
See also ākuni [koe] i a au
rūpini
1. (loan) (noun) lupin, Lupinus spp. - a plant of the pea family with deeply divided leaves and tall, colourful, tapering spikes of flowers.
Ka mahi a Kereama rātou ko ngā taitamariki ki te tapahi i ngā taru rūpini e tipu ana i te taha o te moana o Taupō (HP 1991:319). / Graham and the teenagers set about cutting the lupins growing beside Lake Taupō.
Synonyms: rūpene
2. (noun) water fern, Histiopteris incisa - creeping native ground fern. Young fronds a distinctive pea green, and lobed like an oak leaf. It grows in moist clearings, edges of forest and along stream banks.
3. (noun) ring fern, Paesia scaberula - creeping native ground fern. Its fine, lacy, yellowish-green fronds are often sticky, with zigzag chestnut-brown stalks and have a distinctive smell. Common on cleared, sunny ground.
4. (noun) pink maomao, Caprodon longimanus - uniformly pink fish with red-orange on the head and pectoral fins edged with pale blue. Body narrow and elongated with a deeply forked tail and long pectoral fins.
Synonyms: mātā
ai
1. (particle) always, regularly, usually - shows habitual action. In this usage the verb is followed by ai, but no particle is used before the verb. In this and all the following subentries, if present, a manner particle (i.e. kau, kē, noa, rawa or tonu) will follow immediately after the verb, then a directional particle (i.e. mai, atu, iho, or ake), and then ai. Other particles (i.e. anō, hoki, anake, koa, rānei or pea) will follow ai in the phrase. The other locative particles, nei, nā, rā and ana do not occur when ai is used.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 8;)
Haere ai rāua ki te whare karakia i ia Rātapu. / They go to church every Sunday.
Ahakoa haere ia ki hea, haria ai e ia tana kurī. / No matter where she goes she takes her dog.
Haere ai ngā tāngata i ētahi wā, heoi anō, hoki tonu mai ai rātou (TWK 35:19). / People go away sometimes, but they continually return.
Synonyms: riterite, ka mutu tonu te/tā ...
2. (particle) and then, consequently - when ka preceeds the verb and ai follows it, this denotes an action or state consequent upon some previous action. This usage may also follow another clause beginning with mā.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 68; Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 29;)
Whakarongo ki ngā tohutohu, ka tīmata ai i ā koutou mahi. / Listen to the instructions and then start your work.
Kua pāhitia e te Kāwanatanga kia toru ngā tau kātahi ka hoki ai ngā minita ki ō rātou mīhana (TTT 1/11/1921:9). / The Government has passed a law that after three years the ministers then return to their missions.
Mā tāu rourou, mā tāku rourou, ka ora ai te iwi (HJ 2012:190). / With your small flax plaited food basket and my small flax plaited food basket the visitors will be sustained.
See also ka ... ai
3. (particle) when will, when did - used in questions and statements about when something happened or will happen. For the past tense i will preceed the verb and ai will follow, but in the future tense ai will follow the verb, but no particle, ka or e may preceed the verb.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 46, 85;)
Nōnahea ō mōhiti i ngaro ai? / When did your glasses go missing?
Āhea kōrua haere ai ki Te Waipounamu? Ā te 14 o Poutūterangi. / When do you two go to the South Island? On the 14th of March.
Hei te Rāhoroi tāua whakatā ai. / On Saturday you and I will rest up.
Kua hikitia tā tātou hui - hei ātahirā rā anō ka tū ai. / Our meeting has been put off - it will be held the day after tomorrow.
Mō āwhea e tuwhera ai te huarahi hou? (HJ 2012:185). / When will the new road open?
4. (particle) by what means, by what way, via where - in questions and statements about how someone is travelling or via what place.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 47-48;)
Mā hea koe haere ai? Mā runga pahi. / How did you travel? By bus.
Mā hea kōrua hoki atu ai ki Tāmaki-makau-rau - mā Tauranga, mā Rotorua rānei? Mā Tauranga. / What way are you two returning to Auckland - via Tauranga or Rotorua?
See also mā hea
5. (particle) when, where, which, who, whom, that, during which, at which (time), that caused, by which, whereby, why - In clauses in the past tense expressing a resultant action in relation to a particular time, place, reason, way, thing or person already stated in the first part of the sentence. In these subordinate clauses, i will preceed the verb and ai will follow.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 43-44; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 23-24; Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 28-29, 120;)
Ko Te Arawa te waka i ū mai ai ki konei. / Te Arawa was the canoe that landed here.
Ko te 1840 te tau i hainatia ai te Tiriti o Waitangi (HJ 2012:187). / The year that The Treaty of Waitangi was signed was 1840.
He hōhā nōku i kōrero pēnā ai. / It was because I was fed up that I spoke like that.
Koia rā te huarahi i tae mai ai rātou ki te marae. / That was the road by which they reach the marae.
Kāore taku mokopuna i whiwhi i tāna i hiahia ai ia. / My granddaughter didn't get that which she wanted.
See also tā ... i ... ai, he aha ... i ... ai, he aha ... i kore ai e ...?, he aha ai?, te ... ai
6. (particle) when, where, which, who, whom, that, during which, at which (time), that caused, by which, whereby, why - In clauses in the future tense expressing a resultant action in relation to a particular time, place, reason, way, thing or person already stated in the first part of the sentence. In these subordinate clauses, e (or sometimes ka) will preceed the verb and ai will follow. Also used for habitual actions and for subordinate clauses when time is more general and not just the future.
Ko te 7 o Haratua te rā e haere ai māua ki Potukara. / The 7th May is the day that she and I go to Portugal.
Ko te Hōhipera o Waikato te wāhi e pokaina ai ahau. / Waikato Hospital is the place where I will be operated on.
Mā te hīkoikoi i ia rā e ora ai ahau. / By walking each day I will become healthy.
Ko Aroha te wahine e tūtaki ai koe i te whare pukapuka. / Aroha is the woman who you meet at the library.
Me pēwhea ka ora ai tātou? (HJ 2012:189). / How will we survive?
See also he aha ... e ... ai, te ... ai
7. (particle) to (do something) - after verbs following location as an alternative to ki te.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 129;)
Haere atu ki korā tākaro ai! / Go over there to play!
Ki whea tātou tūtaki ai ā mua o te konohete? / Where will we meet before the concert?
8. (particle) so that, in order that - after kia.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 99; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 31-32;)
E tuhia ana ēnei kupu kia ako ai koe i te reo Māori. / These words are being written so that you can learn Māori.
See also kia kore ai ... e ..., kia ... ai
9. (particle) why?, that - the negative tē also combines with ai, often to follow he aha to ask 'why', or following a reason that something didn't happen. A verb will be placed between tē and ai.
He aha kōrua tē haere tahi mai ai? / Why didn't you two come together?
Nā te pāngia o Hare e te mate tē tae mai ai ia ki te hui (HJ 2012:192). / Because Harry went down sick, he didn't make the meeting.
See also tē ai he ...
10. (particle) mainly because.
I wera katoa i te ahi, i te maroke ai hoki o aua rākau. / It was burnt completely by the fire, mainly because the timber was so dry.
