tūmahi wheako
1. (noun) experience verb - a verb that names a mental state, attitude, perception or experience. Although experience verbs function like transitive verbs (tūmahi whiti) in some ways, they differ in others. Common experience verbs include: kite, rongo, mārama, pīrangi, mōhio, hiahia, mahara, tūmanako. Generally with experience verbs (except kite) their objects are marked with ki, e.g. Kei te mōhio au ki tō pāpā. (I know your father.) Experience verbs function like adjectives when used in commands in that they are preceded by kia, not e or nothing, e.g. Kia maumahara! (Remember!).
Ko te tūmahi wheako he kupumahi whakaatu i te wheako, i te waiaro. / An experience verb is a verb indicating an experience or attitude.
kupumahi wheako
1. (noun) experience verb - a verb that names a mental state, attitude, perception or experience. Although experience verbs function like transitive verbs (kupumahi whiti) in some ways, they differ in others. Common experience verbs include: kite, rongo, mārama, pīrangi, mōhio, hiahia, mahara, tūmanako. Generally with experience verbs (except kite) their objects are marked with ki, e.g. Kei te mōhio au ki tō pāpā. (I know your father.) Experience verbs function like adjectives when used in commands in that they are preceded by kia, not e or nothing, e.g. Kia maumahara! (Remember!).
tautōhito
1. (verb) to be adept, experienced, skilled.
Ka akona hoki e te pāpā kia tautōhito ki ngā momo mahi e ora ai rātou i ngā rā kei mua: ki ngā mahi pāmu, ki te whakatupu kararehe, ki te mahi parakimete (TTR 1998:21). / The father also taught them to be skilled in the types of activities which they would benefit from in later life: farming, animal husbandry, and blacksmithing.
2. (modifier) adept, skilled, wise, experienced.
He tohunga a Te Iki-o-te-rangi Pouwhare ki ngā kōrero tuku iho me ngā tikanga a Tūhoe, ā, ka nui kē te whakanui i a ia, te rangatira tautōhito, te manukura hūmārie (TTR 1998:145). / Te Iki-o-te-rangi Pouwhare, regarded as a paramount chief in later life, was an authority on Tūhoe history and traditions, and widely respected as a wise and kindly leader.
3. (noun) skill, experience.
Nā tōna tautōhito ki te reo Māori, i karangatia a ia ki te komiti whakahou i te pukapuka kupu Māori a Te Hāpata, arā, te 'Dictionary of the Maori language' (TTR 1998:169). / Because of his skill in the Māori language, he was invited to join the committee to revise and edit H. W. Williams’s 'Dictionary of the Maori language'.
4. (noun) person of experience, expert.
Ko ngā tāngata hei Minita mō te Kāwanatanga hei ngā pūkenga, tautōhito, o tēnei momo mahi (TTT 1/12/1931:80). / The people to be Ministers for the Government should be the specialists, people of experience, in this type of work.
2. (verb) (-hia,-ria,-tia) to test, audition, examine - as in the examination of witness evidence.
Hei reira ka whai wā te rōia mō tērā taha me te rōia mō te tamaiti ki te uiui i te kaitono - hei tauira, kia mārama rawa ai tētahi kōrero āna, kia whakamātautia rānei tāna kōrero mehemea kei te tika, mehemea rānei ko te katoa o ngā kōrero (RT 2013:110). / At that point the lawyer for the other side and the lawyer for the child had an opportunity to question the applicant - e.g. to clarify something he said, or to examine his account to see if it is correct or it is the total story.
wheako
1. (noun) experience, intimate acquaintance.
I mua i te taenga mai o te Pākehā, i ā te Māori anō āna ake mahi toi hei whakamārama i ngā kitenga, i ngā rongo me ngā manako o te wairua, o te hinengaro me te tinana. I tipu ake ēnei toi i te wairua, i te hinengaro me ngā wheako o te iwi, mai i ngā wā o mua rā anō ki nāianei (To 1999:6). / Prior to the arrival of the Pākehā, the Māori had their own art to explain the perceptions, feelings and yearnings of the spirit, mind and body. These arts developed from the spirit, mind and the experiences of the people from ancient times through to the present.
whakamātau tūponotanga
1. (noun) probability experiment.
He mahi te whakamātau tūponotanga hei āta tirotiro i te tūponotanga o ngā putanga e taea ana i roto i tētahi pūāhua tūponotanga. Hei tauira, kia tekau ngā pīrori mataono tau (TRP 2010:323). / A probability experiment is an activity to examine the probability of the possible outcomes in a probability situation. For example, throwing a dice ten times (TRP 2010:323).
2. (intransitive verb) experiment.
o
1. (particle) of, belongs to, from, attached to - used when the possessor has, or had, no control of the relationship or is subordinant, passive or inferior to what is possessed. Thus, in most contexts in a sentence, words for parts of anything, clothing, adornments associated with the body, things that originate in the body (feelings, ideas, knowledge, beliefs, sins, problems, luck, etc.), parts of the body, qualities, illnesses, transport, water, medicine, buildings, seating, bedding, land, towns, companions, superiors, relatives (not husband, wife, children, grandchildren), taniwha, atua, groups, organisations, tribes and government are likely to take the o category. This includes actions that are regarded as part of the nature of people or animals. O will follow kore and korenga. Derived nouns from statives and verbs will usually take the o category. Experience verbs are also likely to take the o category.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 52-56, 140-142; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 2, 16, 23, 33-34, 36; Te Pihinga Study Guide (Ed. 1): 9-10; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 178-179;)
Ko Taki te hoa o Mere. / Taki is Mere's friend.
Koia nā te paterotanga o te kurī. / That's the fart of a dog.
Heke ana ngā roimata o te kuia i te waiatatanga o te hīmene 'Piko nei te Mātenga' (HJ 2012:115). / The elderly woman's tears flowed when the hymn 'Piko nei te Mātenga' was sung.
I te korenga o tana matua i whakaae ki tana whaiāipo, ka eke a Te Miro ki runga i tō rātau waka ko 'Te Punga-i-Orohia' te ingoa, kātahi ka whakatotohu i a ia kia toremi (EM 2002:111). / Because her father did not agree to her lover, Te Miro climbed on their canoe, called 'Te Punga-i-Orohia', then drowned herself.
See also a
katoa
1. (modifier) all, every, totally, wholly, completely, without exception - used to indicate that something is all-encompassing, all-consuming or all-conquering. Sometimes used after a verb, often preceding the noun it qualifies. Where katoa follows a verb in the passive it will take a passive ending also, usually -tia. In this situation the passive ending may be dropped from the verb, but not from katoa.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 91-92;)
Ka whakatika katoa ngā tāngata ki te kimi wahie. / All the men set about looking for firewood.
Ahakoa he waiata Māori nō nehe rā anō, he waiata nō nāianei rānei, i taea katoatia e ia te tito (TTR 1998:2). / No matter whether it was traditional or contemporary Māori songs, she could compose them all.
2. (modifier) very, utterly, seriously, really, totally - acts as an intensifier, particularly when following adverbs or experience verbs.
3. (modifier) (adjective) -est.
Ko te aroha tē taea te whakatutuki, koia te aroha roa katoa, kaha katoa, mamae katoa anō hoki (HJ 2015:86). / Unrequited love, that's the longest, strongest and most painful love of all.
4. (adjective) all, every - katoa may also begin a sentence or phrase.
Katoa ngā āhuatanga o te whakamāori e whakaakona ana (H 1992:19). / All aspects of translation are being taught.
5. (noun) whole, all.
Nō muri i te inumanga tī o te ahiahi ka whakatōpūtia te katoa o ngā rōpū, ā, ka tū ia kaikōrero ki te whakaputa i ngā whakaaro o tōna anō rōpū (H 1992:12). / After afternoon tea all of the groups were assembled together and each speaker stood up to express the views of her own group.
6. (noun) everybody.
Kauaka taua tamaiti e whakaaetia kia tauera i tōna kanohi ki te tauera o te katoa (TTT 1/11/1927:686). / That child should not be allowed to dry his face with the towel used by everybody.
7. (noun) everything.
Ko tētahi mea e mīharo nei te ngākau ki ngā mahi kātahi anō nei e whakaputaina ai, ko te mea kua oti noa atu i a Tā Apirana te katoa o ngā whakaputunga mō 'Ngā Mōteatea' (M 2007:viii). / One thing that is amazing about the work that has just been published is that Sir Apirana completed everything for the collections for 'Ngā Mōteatea'.
2. (particle) to, that - to indicate a purpose, wish, or effect. Used in this way if the second verb is passive or a stative, or if the subject of the subordinate clause is different from that of the main clause, i.e. the person, people, thing or things doing the actions in the two parts of the sentence are different. Kia may be used if the person, people, thing or things doing the action in the two parts of the sentence are the same, or is part of a group, if an appropriate personal pronoun is used, e.g. as in the second example sentence.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 98;)
I tonoa rātou kia waiata. / They were asked to sing.
E hiahia ana a Wī kia haere ia ki te wānanga reo (HJ 2017:179). / Wī wanted to go to the Māori language live-in school.
3. (particle) be, let be - indicates that it is desirable for something to occur. Used this way in giving commands involving adjectives (statives) and experience verbs.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 27, 58;)
See also kia kaha
4. (particle) Used to ask and say how many things are needed.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 63;)
Kia hia ngā tīkiti māu? Kia rua. / How many tickets do you need? Two, please.
5. (particle) not yet.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 56-57;)
See also kāore anō ... kia
Synonyms: kīanō
6. (particle) so that, in order that.
See also kia ... ai, kia kore ai ... e ...
8. (particle) so that ... will not/would not.
(Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 31-32;)
See also kia kore ai ... e ...
whanaungatanga
1. (noun) relationship, kinship, sense of family connection - a relationship through shared experiences and working together which provides people with a sense of belonging. It develops as a result of kinship rights and obligations, which also serve to strengthen each member of the kin group. It also extends to others to whom one develops a close familial, friendship or reciprocal relationship.
Kōrero ai ngā whakapapa mō te whanaungatanga i waenganui i te ira tangata me te ao (Te Ara 2011). / Whakapapa describe the relationships between humans and nature.
See also whakawhanaungatanga
Synonyms: taunekeneke, hononga, pāhekoheko, whaitake, whakanohonoho, whakapiringa, piringa
2. (particle) at, in - to show the place where an event occurs, especially if there is movement to where the event takes place or it is in the future.
(Te Māhuri Study Guide (Ed. 1): 32;)
Nō te tau 2004 ka tū te hui ki Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki Makaurau. / The conference was held in 2004 at the University of Auckland.
3. (particle) according to, in the opinion of - used to introduce an opinion or point of view.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 85-86;)
Synonyms: hei tā ..., e ai ki, e ai ki a [ia] ..., kīhai ki
4. (particle) Used with hei to show relationships.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 54;)
5. (particle) with, by means of.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 24-26;)
Tapahia te mīti ki te naihi koi. / Cut the meat with a sharp knife please.
6. (particle) Sometimes ki merely connects the verb to its object, especially when experience verbs are used (e.g. pīrangi, hiahia, mōhio, mahara, tūmanako).
7. (particle) if.
2. (particle) Combines with nā to form a past tense emphasising who or what did the action.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 30-32; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 41-42;)
3. (particle) at, in, on, along, by way of - used before location words to indicate past location.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 29;)
4. (particle) has, had - used to state who or what had something.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 83;)
5. (particle) from - used with verbs of motion to indicate movement away from the place following.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 101; Te Kākano Study Guide (Ed. 1): 25, 26; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 63-64;)
I piki atu rātou i te pūtake o te maunga ki te tihi. / They climbed from the base of the mountain to the summit.
6. (particle) Used with verbs that take a direct object or experience verbs not indicating motion to mark the object or goal of the action.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 41-42, 84;)
Kua kite rātou i Te Maioro Nui Whakaharahara o Haina. / They have seen the Great Wall of China.
7. (particle) Connects a location word with its related noun or noun phrase.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 15-16;)
8. (particle) by, with - used to mark the agent of stative verbs.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 57, 99-100; Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 125;)
9. (particle) while, during.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 101-102;)
I a ia e moe ana, ka hoki tana whaiāipo ki tōna kāinga. / While she was asleep, her boyfriend returned to his home.
10. (particle) than, in comparison with - used when comparing things.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 101;)
11. (particle) because, through, by reason of.
12. (particle) Used in clauses expressing the reason for an action and in 'why' questions.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 23-24; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 43-44;)
He pukuriri nōku i kōrero pēnei ai. / It was because I was angry that I spoke like that.
13. (particle) per, each, every.
14. (particle) in case ... may, were fortunate, to see whether, if it were not for - used between me and kore to express present or past hypothetical conditions.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 126-127;)
Me i kore koe, kua hinga tō tātou tīma. / If it weren't for you our team would have been defeated.
2. (particle) those of, the ... of.
(Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 126;)
He paruparu ake ngā hū o Māia i ō Terewai. / Māia's shoes are dirtier than those of Terewai.
3. (particle) Used in the ways listed in 1 and 2 above when the possessor has, or had, no control of the relationship or is subordinate, passive or inferior to what is possessed. Thus, in most contexts in a sentence, words for parts of anything, clothing, adornments associated with the body, things that originate in the body (feelings, ideas, knowledge, beliefs, sins, problems, luck, etc.), parts of the body, qualities, illnesses, transport, water, medicine, buildings, seating, bedding, land, towns, companions, superiors, relatives (not husband, wife, children, grandchildren), taniwha, atua, groups, organisations, tribes and government are likely to take the o category. This includes actions that are regarded as part of the nature of people or animals. O will follow kore and korenga. Derived nouns from statives and verbs will usually take the o category. Experience verbs are also likely to take the o category.
(Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 54-56, 140-141;)
See also o
